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{{Short description|Mass shooting in Casas Adobes, Arizona}} |
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{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2023}} |
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{{Infobox civilian attack |
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| title = 2011 Tucson shooting |
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| map_caption = Location of the shooting |
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| image = Gabrielle Giffords shooting scene.jpg |
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| caption = ] at the ] outside the Casas Adobes ] |
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| location = ], near Tucson |
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| target = U.S. Representative ] |
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| coordinates = {{Coord|32|20|9.5|N|110|58|30.5|W|type:event|display=inline,title}} |
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| date = {{Start date and age|2011|1|8}} |
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| time = 10:10 a.m. ] |
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| timezone = ] |
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| type = ], ], ] attempt |
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| fatalities = 6 (including federal judge ]) |
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| injuries = 15 (including the perpetrator; 13 by gunfire, including Giffords) |
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| dfens = Bill Badger<br />Patricia Maisch<br />Roger Salzgeber |
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| weapons = ] ] with a 33-round ]<ref name=nyt20110114/><ref name=wapo20110109>{{cite news |title=Gun used in Tucson was purchased legally; Arizona laws among most lax in nation |first1=James V. |last1=Grimaldi |first2=Fredrick |last2=Kunkle |newspaper=] |date=January 9, 2011 |access-date=July 26, 2018 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/09/AR2011010901912.html |archive-date=July 20, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720085616/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/09/AR2011010901912.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=abc20110111>{{cite news |title=Glock 19: How did Unemployed Jared Loughner Buy Popular, Expensive Pistol? |first=Susanna |last=Kim |date=January 11, 2011 |access-date=July 26, 2018 |agency=] |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Business/questions-remain-jared-loughner-paid-expensive-firearm/story?id=12585290 |archive-date=July 28, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728035636/https://abcnews.go.com/Business/questions-remain-jared-loughner-paid-expensive-firearm/story?id=12585290 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=csm20110110>{{cite news |title=Why Jared Loughner was allowed to buy a gun |first=Linda |last=Feldmann |date=January 10, 2011 |access-date=July 26, 2018 |newspaper=] |url=https://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Politics/2011/0110/Why-Jared-Loughner-was-allowed-to-buy-a-gun |archive-date=July 28, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728035805/https://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Politics/2011/0110/Why-Jared-Loughner-was-allowed-to-buy-a-gun |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=wapo20110112/><ref name=cbs20110112/> |
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| perp = ] |
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| susperp = |
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| motive = Anti-government sentiment, hatred of ] |
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}} |
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On January 8, 2011, United States Representative ] and 18 others were shot during a constituent meeting held in a supermarket parking lot in ], in the ]. Six people were killed, including ] Chief Judge ]; Gabe Zimmerman, one of Giffords's staffers; and a nine-year-old girl, Christina-Taylor Green.<ref name="azcentral2011-01-08-optimistic"/><ref name="LaceyHerszenhorn2011-01-09"/><ref name="CNN2011-01-08"/><ref name="complaint">{{Cite news|url=http://documents.nytimes.com/criminal-complaint-against-jared-lee-loughner|title=Criminal Complaint Against Jared Lee Loughner|work=]|access-date=January 10, 2011|archive-date=March 15, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315203618/http://documents.nytimes.com/criminal-complaint-against-jared-lee-loughner|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="CBS-20110110-linked"/> Giffords was holding a meeting called "Congress on Your Corner" in the parking lot of a ] store when ] drew a pistol and shot her ] at ] before proceeding to fire on others.<ref name="LaceyHerszenhorn2011-01-09"/><ref name="CNN2011-01-08"/> One additional person was injured in the immediate aftermath of the shooting.<ref name="WP-20110114-victims"/> News reports identified the target of the attack to be Giffords, a ] representing {{ushr|Arizona|8}}.<ref name="LaceyHerszenhorn2011-01-09"/> Giffords's ] was initially described as "critical".<ref name="LaceyHerszenhorn2011-01-09"/><ref name="CNN2011-01-08"/> |
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Loughner, a 22-year-old Tucson man who was fixated on Giffords, was arrested at the scene.<ref name="Kanalley2011-01-08"/> ] filed five charges against him, including the attempted assassination of a member of Congress and the assassination of a federal judge.<ref name="complaint"/><ref name="I planned"/><ref name="Lacey2011-01-09"/> Loughner previously had been arrested once (but not convicted) on a minor drug charge<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118122414/https://help.azcentral.com/ |date=January 18, 2023 }} azcentral.com, January 9, 2011. Retrieved January 23, 2014.</ref> and had been suspended by his college for disruptive behavior. Court filings include notes handwritten by Loughner indicating he planned to assassinate Giffords.<ref name="I planned"/> Loughner did not cooperate with authorities, invoking his ].<ref name="CNN2011-01-08"/> He was held without bail and indicted on 49 counts. In January 2012, Loughner was found by a federal judge to be ] based on two ], which diagnosed him with ].<ref name=competence/> On August 7, Loughner had a hearing in which he was judged competent. He pleaded guilty to 19 counts, and in November 2012 was sentenced to ]. |
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Following the shooting, American and international politicians expressed grief and condemnations. ] advocates pushed for increased restrictions on the sale of firearms and ammunition, specifically ]s.<ref name="gun_control"/> Some commentators criticized the use of harsh political rhetoric in the U.S., with a number blaming the ] for the shooting. In particular, ] was criticized for a poster by ] that featured stylized ] on an electoral map that included Giffords. Palin rejected claims that she bore any responsibility for the shooting.<ref name=rhetoric/><ref name="NYT_Zeleny"/> President ] led ] on January 12, and other memorials took place. |
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==Shooting== |
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] |
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The shooting took place on January 8, 2011, at 10:10 A.M. ] (17:10 ]).<ref name="Gillum-2011-01-14">{{Cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2011-01-14-loughner-timeline_N.htm|title=Timeline shows Loughner's actions hours before arrest|newspaper=]|date=January 16, 2011|access-date=January 14, 2011|first=Jack|last=Gillum|archive-date=January 17, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110117044923/http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2011-01-14-loughner-timeline_N.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="NYT_Video">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/19/us/19giffords.html|title=Video Captured 'Calculated' Gunman in Tucson|first=Richard A. |last=Oppel Jr.|work=] |date=January 18, 2011|access-date=January 18, 2011|author-link=Richard A. Oppel, Jr. | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110119022143/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/19/us/19giffords.html| archive-date= January 19, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> A United States Representative from Arizona, Gabrielle Giffords, was holding a constituent meeting called "Congress on Your Corner"<ref name="Lacey2011-01-09"/><ref name="NYT_Dolnick"/> at the ] supermarket in La Toscana Village mall, which is in Casas Adobes, a ] north of ].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Routine event turned deadly fast |agency=], ] |newspaper=] |location=Minneapolis – Saint Paul |date=January 10, 2011 |url=http://www.startribune.com/nation/113181349.html |access-date=January 11, 2011 |quote=She and an aide parked an SUV in the lot of La Toscana Village, a mall about 8 miles north of downtown Tucson. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121015225901/http://www.startribune.com/nation/113181349.html |archive-date=October 15, 2012 }}<br>{{cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/congresswoman-gabrielle-giffords-injured-in-shooting-rampage|title=Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords injured in shooting rampage|publisher=]|access-date=2024-10-05|quote=arrived at the Casas Adobes Safeway store at 10 a.m.}}</ref> <!-- The Safeway is in La Toscana Village. --> Giffords had set up a table outside the store and about 20 to 30 people were gathered around her when a 22-year-old man by the name of Jared Lee Loughner suddenly drew a pistol and shot Giffords in the head.<ref name="AZRepublic-20110112-visits">{{Cite news|last=Alltucker|first=Ken|url=https://www.azcentral.com/news/articles/2011/01/12/20110112gabrielle-giffords-more-responsive-brk12-ON.html|title=Obama visits Giffords at hospital, leaves for speech on campus|newspaper=]|date=January 12, 2011|access-date=January 12, 2011|archive-date=February 15, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220215014342/https://help.azcentral.com/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Lacey-Williams2011-01-13"/> The shooting was caught on video by a store security camera, but was not released to the public.<ref name="NYT_Video"/><ref name="WashPost_video">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/18/AR2011011801155.html |title=Videos show details of Tucson shooting |first1=David |last1=Nakamura |first2=Dana |last2=Hedgpeth |first3=Sari |last3=Horwitz |newspaper=] |date=January 19, 2011 |access-date=January 19, 2011 |archive-date=April 1, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120401190051/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/18/AR2011011801155.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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Loughner proceeded to fire apparently randomly at other members of the crowd.<ref name="azcentral2011-01-08-optimistic"/><ref name="Quinn-Gallagher-2011-01-09"/> He was armed with a ] ] with four ]s, two of which were capable of holding 33 rounds.<ref name="Bloomberg Businessweek">{{cite news|url=http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/11_04/b4212052185280.htm|last=Barrett|first=Paul M.|title=Glock: America's Gun|date=January 13, 2011|work=Bloomberg Businessweek|access-date=January 15, 2012|archive-date=August 21, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130821034718/http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/11_04/b4212052185280.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="SPTimes-20110114">{{Cite news|last=DeGregory|first=Lane|url=http://www.tampabay.com/news/little-surprise-that-popular-glock-19-was-used-in-arizona-shooting/1145393|title=Little surprise that popular Glock 19 was used in Arizona shooting|newspaper=]|date=January 14, 2011|access-date=January 14, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014113129/http://www.tampabay.com/news/little-surprise-that-popular-glock-19-was-used-in-arizona-shooting/1145393|archive-date=October 14, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=wapo20110112>{{cite news |newspaper=] |title=Investigators probe Loughner's gun purchase, examine finances |first1=Sari |last1=Horwitz |first2=Dana |last2=Hedgpeth |author-link=David Fahrenthold |first3=David |last3=Fahrenthold |date=January 12, 2011 |access-date=July 25, 2018 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/11/AR2011011107371.html |quote=The investigators believe that Loughner, 22, did not have sufficient income of his own to buy the Glock 19 semiautomatic handgun, the four magazines and the knife he allegedly carried to the event in front of a Tucson supermarket, the sources said. They estimated the cost at close to $1,000. Two of the magazines were extended ones capable of holding up to 33 rounds. |archive-date=September 11, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911111921/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/11/AR2011011107371.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=cbs20110112>{{cite news |agency=] |first=Brian |last=Montopoli |date=January 12, 2011 |access-date=July 26, 2018 |title=Will Tucson Tragedy Shift Gun Control Debate? |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/will-tucson-tragedy-shift-gun-control-debate/ |quote=What they have spent less time discussing are the tools that allowed Loughner to allegedly carry out the attack – the high powered weapon and ammunition that helped him do so much damage so quickly. Arizona has some of the laxest gun laws in the nation, laws that allowed Loughner to purchase and carry a Glock 19 9mm semi-automatic pistol – and high-capacity clips – despite the fact that he was barred from his community college campus because administrators saw him as a mentally-unstable security threat...The clip allegedly used by Loughner, which allows for 33 shots without reloading instead of about 10 in a normal clip, would have been illegal under the assault weapons ban that Congress let expire in 2004. |archive-date=July 28, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728035719/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/will-tucson-tragedy-shift-gun-control-debate/ |url-status=live }}</ref> A nearby store employee said he heard "15 to 20 gunshots".<ref name="NYPost-20110109-terror">{{Cite news|last=Karni|first=Annie|url=http://www.nypost.com/p/news/national/terror_then_eerie_calm_as_victims_P8wp5ziGYD09FsyNz9OS4M|title=Terror, then eerie calm as victims fall|newspaper=]|date=January 9, 2011|access-date=January 14, 2011|archive-date=January 12, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110112235320/http://www.nypost.com/p/news/national/terror_then_eerie_calm_as_victims_P8wp5ziGYD09FsyNz9OS4M|url-status=live}}</ref> Loughner stopped to reload, but dropped the loaded magazine from his pocket to the sidewalk, from where bystander Patricia Maisch grabbed it.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://articles.cnn.com/2011-01-09/justice/arizona.shooting_1_arizona-congresswoman-gabrielle-giffords-people-shot-doctors |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120717021022/http://articles.cnn.com/2011-01-09/justice/arizona.shooting_1_arizona-congresswoman-gabrielle-giffords-people-shot-doctors |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 17, 2012 |title=Congresswoman's responses after Arizona shooting called encouraging |date=January 9, 2011 |publisher=CNN |access-date=January 19, 2011 }}</ref> Another bystander, Roger Salzgeber, clubbed the back of the assailant's head with a folding chair, injuring his elbow in the process, representing the 14th injury.<ref name="ABC-20110110-heroes">{{Cite news|last1=Hopper|first1=Jessica|last2=Dolak|first2=Kevin|last3=Sher|first3=Lauren|title=Heroes of Tucson Shooting: 'Something Had to Be Done'|url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/heroes-rep-gabrielle-giffords-shooting-tucson-arizona-subdued/story?id=12580345|work=]|date=January 10, 2011|access-date=January 15, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110119070414/http://abcnews.go.com/US/heroes-rep-gabrielle-giffords-shooting-tucson-arizona-subdued/story?id=12580345| archive-date= January 19, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> Loughner was tackled to the ground by {{anchor|Bill Badger}}Bill Badger, a 74-year-old retired ] ]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.wnep.com/wnep-schyl-man-tackled-az-gunman-schuylkill-ties,0,7811918.story |title=Man who Tackled AZ Gunman has Schuylkill County Ties |first=Renie |last=Workman |date=January 10, 2011 |publisher=WNEP-TV |access-date=January 10, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315072846/http://www.wnep.com/wnep-schyl-man-tackled-az-gunman-schuylkill-ties%2C0%2C7811918.story |archive-date=March 15, 2012 }}</ref> who had also been shot himself. Loughner was further subdued by Maisch, Salzgeber and bystander Joseph Zamudio. Zamudio, a ], had a weapon on his person, but arrived after the shooting had stopped and did not draw his firearm.<ref name="ABC_News_12577933">{{Cite news|last1=Dolak|first1=Kevin|last2=Weaver|first2=Justin|title=Woman Wrestled Fresh Ammo Clip From Tucson Shooter as He Tried to Reload|work=ABC News|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/patricia-maisch-describes-stopping-gunman-reloading/story?id=12577933|date=January 9, 2011|access-date=January 10, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110119195750/http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/patricia-maisch-describes-stopping-gunman-reloading/story?id=12577933|archive-date= January 19, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> Thirty-one shell casings were found at the scene by investigators.<ref> '']'', January 11, 2011. Retrieved January 23, 2014.</ref> |
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The first call from the scene to emergency services was received at 10:11 A.M.<ref name="Gillum-2011-01-14"/> While waiting for help to arrive, Giffords's intern ] applied pressure to the gunshot wound on her forehead, and made sure she did not choke on her blood. Hernández and local paramedic Aaron Rogers are credited with saving Giffords's life.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.salon.com/life/feature/2011/01/10/daneil_hernandez_gay_latino_hero|journal=Salon|first=Mary Elizabeth|last=Williams|title=The Giffords shooting's gay, Hispanic hero|date=January 10, 2011|access-date=January 11, 2011|archive-date=November 2, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102115158/http://www.salon.com/2011/01/10/daneil_hernandez_gay_latino_hero/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://opinion.latimes.com/opinionla/2011/01/two-gay-heroes-thwart-assassinations-what-a-difference-35-years-make.html|newspaper=] |first=Patt|last=Morrison|title=Two gay heroes thwart assassinations – what a difference 35 years make|date=January 10, 2011|access-date=January 11, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110112190452/http://opinion.latimes.com/opinionla/2011/01/two-gay-heroes-thwart-assassinations-what-a-difference-35-years-make.html| archive-date= January 12, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> David and Nancy Bowman, a married doctor and nurse couple who were shopping in the store, immediately set up ] and attended to nine-year-old Christina-Taylor Green.<ref name="CBS-20110110-linked">{{Cite news|last=Couric|first=Katie|author-link=Katie Couric|title=Strangers Linked by Tragedy in Tucson Rampage|work=]|date=January 10, 2011|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/strangers-linked-by-tragedy-in-tucson-rampage/|access-date=January 11, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110209115359/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/01/10/eveningnews/main7232620.shtml| archive-date= February 9, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> Police arrived on the scene at 10:15 A.M., with paramedics arriving at 10:16 A.M.<ref name="abc15-911">{{Cite news|url=http://www.abc15.com/dpp/news/region_central_southern_az/tucson/911-call%3A-%22i-do-believe-gabby-giffords-was-hit%22 |title=911 call: "I do believe Gabby Giffords was hit" |publisher=KNXV-TV |date=January 9, 2011 |access-date=January 11, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110110024213/http://www.abc15.com/dpp/news/region_central_southern_az/tucson/911-call%3A-%22i-do-believe-gabby-giffords-was-hit%22 |archive-date=January 10, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Badger observed the assailant attempting to discard a small bag containing money and identification, which was recovered by the officers.<ref name="DoD-20110112">{{Cite news|title=Retired Guard Member Helps Subdue Arizona Gunman |url=http://www.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=62420 |agency=] |date=January 12, 2011 |access-date=January 14, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130713155438/http://www.defense.gov/News/NewsArticle.aspx?ID=62420 |archive-date=July 13, 2013 }}</ref> Following the shooting, the police shut down roads surrounding the shopping center until late in the day. The intersection was cordoned off and most of the businesses in the shopping center were closed throughout the weekend during the initial investigation.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://explorernews.com/news/pima_pinal/article_0b9e3f99-f0dd-53e7-9392-061e76457aba.html |title='Utter shock' -Area residents shaken but optimistic |work=The Explorer |first=Wendy |last=Miller |date=January 12, 2011 |access-date=July 5, 2011 |archive-date=July 2, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702230514/http://explorernews.com/news/pima_pinal/article_0b9e3f99-f0dd-53e7-9392-061e76457aba.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The Safeway store reopened a week later, with a makeshift memorial erected near the front of the store.<ref name=Safeway>{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna41091483 |title=Giffords removed from respirator, has tracheotomy – Grocery store where shooting occurred reopens as Tucson |work=] |date=January 15, 2011 |access-date=July 5, 2011 |archive-date=January 18, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118122417/https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna41091483 |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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Five people died at the scene,<ref name="AZStar-20110108-killed">{{Cite news|url=http://azstarnet.com/news/local/article_88b4b436-1b53-11e0-8354-001cc4c002e0.html|title=Rep. Giffords shot, judge and 5 others killed at Tucson event|newspaper=]|date=January 8, 2011|access-date=January 11, 2011|archive-date=December 17, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111217000014/http://azstarnet.com/news/local/article_88b4b436-1b53-11e0-8354-001cc4c002e0.html|url-status=live}}</ref> including Chief Judge John Roll and Giffords's community outreach director Gabe Zimmerman.<ref name="azcentral2011-01-08-optimistic"/><ref name="complaint"/> Several of the injured were taken to ] in Tucson.<ref>{{Cite news|title=3 UMC workers fired for invading records|url=https://tucson.com/news/local/umc-workers-fired-for-invading-records/article_a2645584-906d-50a9-84a4-645d4d4a94b9.html|work=Arizona Daily Star|date=January 13, 2011|access-date=April 2, 2020|archive-date=November 26, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126222422/https://tucson.com/news/local/umc-workers-fired-for-invading-records/article_a2645584-906d-50a9-84a4-645d4d4a94b9.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Christina-Taylor Green was later pronounced ] at the hospital.<ref name="CNN2011-01-08"/><ref name="Gonzalez2011-01-08-victims"/> |
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When Loughner's parents arrived at their home, unaware of the shootings, they found police tape and police cars around their house. Their neighbor Wayne Smith said Loughner's mother "almost passed out right there", while his father sat in the road and cried. Smith described the family as "devastated", feeling guilty, and wondering "where did they fail?"<ref name="Stanglin2011-01-11">{{cite news|last=Stanglin|first=Douglas|url=http://content.usatoday.com/communities/ondeadline/post/2011/01/suspect-jared-loughners-parents-devastated-by-tucson-shootings/1|title=Suspect Jared Loughner's parents 'devastated' by Tucson shootings|work=]|date=January 11, 2011|access-date=January 12, 2011|archive-date=October 5, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121005134310/http://content.usatoday.com/communities/ondeadline/post/2011/01/suspect-jared-loughners-parents-devastated-by-tucson-shootings/1|url-status=live}}</ref> Loughner's parents released a statement three days later expressing remorse for the victims and saying, "We don't understand why this happened."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.foxnews.com/us/family-of-arizona-shooting-rampage-breaks-silence-expresses-remorse-for-victims/|title=Family of Arizona Shooting Rampage Breaks Silence, Expresses Remorse for Victims|publisher=Fox News Channel|date=April 7, 2010|access-date=January 12, 2011|archive-date=October 5, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121005134310/http://content.usatoday.com/communities/ondeadline/post/2011/01/suspect-jared-loughners-parents-devastated-by-tucson-shootings/1|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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{{Panorama |
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|image=File:Gabrielle_Giffords_shooting_scene_D.jpg |
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|caption=La Toscana Village mall. The attack occurred near the ] main entrance, which is below the gable-end.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170618000855/http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2011/01/09/us/reconstruct-graphic.html |date=June 18, 2017 }}, '']''. January 9, 2011. Retrieved January 30, 2011.</ref> |
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|height=200 |
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|alt=image of La Toscana Village mall, where the shooting occurred |
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==Investigation== |
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], the suspect, was described as a white male in his mid-20s who had short hair and "dressed in a shabby manner". He was arrested after being detained by bystanders,<ref name="LaceyHerszenhorn2011-01-09"/><ref name="MSNBC-20110108">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna40980334|title=Profile of Jared Loughner: 'I can't trust the current government'|work=]|date=January 8, 2011|access-date=January 8, 2011|archive-date=January 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118122416/https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna40980334|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Reuters-20110108">{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE7071IA20110108|title=Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords shot in Arizona|work=Reuters|date=January 8, 2011|access-date=January 8, 2011|first=Roberta|last=Rampton|archive-date=February 15, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220215014339/https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE7071IA20110108?feedType=RSS&feedName=domesticNews|url-status=live}}</ref> and police later released his name and details.<ref name="MSNBC-20110108"/> The ] attempted to question Loughner, but he reportedly refused to cooperate with authorities and invoked his ] rights.<ref name="LaceyHerszenhorn2011-01-09"/><ref name="CNN2011-01-08"/><ref name="newstime">{{Cite news|url=http://www.newstime.co.za/WorldNews/Loughner_Invoking_Fifth_Amendment_After_Arizona_Slaughter/18361/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304050128/http://www.newstime.co.za/WorldNews/Loughner_Invoking_Fifth_Amendment_After_Arizona_Slaughter/18361/|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 4, 2016|title=Loughner Invoking Fifth Amendment After Arizona Slaughter|date=January 9, 2011|access-date=January 9, 2011|work=NewsTime|agency=South African Press Association|location=New Zealand}}</ref> Authorities claimed that Loughner's motive was unknown.<ref name="CNN2011-01-08"/> They said that evidence seized from a safe in Loughner's home included an envelope marked with notes reading "I planned ahead", "My assassination", and "Giffords", as well as a letter from Giffords's office thanking him for attending a similar event in 2007.<ref name="I planned"/><ref>{{Cite news|first=Nick |last=Allen |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/us-politics/8249720/Gabrielle-Giffords-shooting-Jared-Lee-Loughner-facing-five-charges.html |title=Gabrielle Giffords shooting: Jared Lee Loughner facing five charges|work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |date=January 10, 2011|access-date=January 19, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110120160503/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/us-politics/8249720/Gabrielle-Giffords-shooting-Jared-Lee-Loughner-facing-five-charges.html| archive-date= January 20, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
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Federal officials charged Loughner the next day with killing federal government employees, attempting to assassinate a member of Congress and attempting to kill federal employees.<ref name="P2">{{Cite news|title=Federal charges could carry death penalty|url=http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0111/47298.html|work=]|date=January 9, 2011|first1=Alexander|last1=Burns|first2=Matt|last2=Negrin|access-date=January 30, 2011|archive-date=March 10, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130310162653/http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0111/47298.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="MSNBC2">{{Cite news|title=Suspect charged in congresswoman's attack|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna40988567|work=]|agency=]|date=January 9, 2011|access-date=March 20, 2020|archive-date=January 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118122417/https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna40988567|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Reuters3">{{Cite news|title=Suspect charged with attempted assassination of Giffords|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE7071IA20110110|work=Reuters|date=January 9, 2011|first1=Tim|last1=Gaynor|first2=Peter|last2=Henderson|access-date=June 30, 2017|archive-date=November 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124173559/https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE7071IA20110110|url-status=live}}</ref> Police reports reveal he had purchased a Glock pistol at a ] store, after passing the required FBI background check,<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.foxnews.com/us/arizona-suspected-gunman-passed-fbi-background-check/ |title=Arizona Suspected Gunman Passed FBI Background Check |access-date=May 12, 2013 |work=Fox News |date=January 9, 2011 |archive-date=June 13, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130613213423/http://www.foxnews.com/us/2011/01/09/arizona-suspected-gunman-no-stranger-to-trouble/ |url-status=live }}</ref> less than six weeks before and attempted to buy additional ammunition for the pistol at a ] on the morning of the shooting,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2011-01-11/glock-pistol-sales-surge-in-aftermath-of-shooting-of-arizona-s-giffords|title=Glock Pistol Sales Surge in Aftermath of Arizona Shootings|date=January 11, 2011|access-date=January 11, 2011|work=Bloomberg|first=Michael|last=Riley| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110112052242/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-01-11/glock-pistol-sales-surge-in-aftermath-of-shooting-of-arizona-s-giffords.html| archive-date= January 12, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> but the clerk refused to sell it to him based on his appearance and demeanor.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/01/09/arizona.shooting.investigation/index.html|title=Massacre suspect "mentally disturbed", former teacher says|date=January 10, 2011|access-date=January 14, 2011|publisher=CNN| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110111122628/http://www.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/01/09/arizona.shooting.investigation/index.html| archive-date= January 11, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703779704576074080255720732|title=Suspect Bought Bullets Hours Before Rampage|work=]|date=January 10, 2011|access-date=January 14, 2011|first1=Evan|last1=Perez |first2=Devlin |last2=Barrett | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110125192345/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703779704576074080255720732.html| archive-date= January 25, 2011 | url-status= live |url-access=subscription}}</ref> |
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As the shooting occurred outside the Tucson city limits in unincorporated Casas Adobes, the ] Sheriff's Department started the initial investigation with assistance from the ] and the ].<ref>CNN live broadcast</ref> The ] director ] was ordered to the location by President Obama, and the FBI took over the investigation.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Spotts|first=Pete|title=Arizona shooting: Rep. Gabrielle Giffords hit at meeting with constituents|url=https://www.csmonitor.com/USA/2011/0108/Arizona-shooting-Rep.-Gabrielle-Giffords-hit-at-meeting-with-constituents|journal=]|date=January 8, 2011|access-date=January 8, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110119192213/http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/2011/0108/Arizona-shooting-Rep.-Gabrielle-Giffords-hit-at-meeting-with-constituents| archive-date= January 19, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> The ] also conducted an investigation.<ref name="LaceyHerszenhorn2011-01-09"/> |
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===Perpetrator=== |
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{{Main|Jared Lee Loughner}} |
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] taken by ]]] |
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Jared Lee Loughner, then age 22, lived with his parents Randy and Amy Loughner in Tucson,<ref name="Lipton2011-01-08"/> about {{convert|5|mi}} from the site of the shooting.<ref name="MSNBC-20110108"/><ref name="Lipton2011-01-08"/> His mother worked for the City Parks Department; his father's work was not known.<ref name="JohnsonKirk2011-01-09"/> Loughner had been attending ]. Former classmates stated Loughner (at the time) cared about his education due to his appreciation of knowledge.<ref name="JohnsonKirk2011-01-09"/> Because of teacher and student complaints about Loughner's increasingly disruptive behavior in classes, the college suspended him on September 29, 2010, and he dropped out of the school in October.<ref name="Lipton2011-01-08"/><ref name="JohnsonKirk2011-01-09"/> Loughner chose not to return, as the college required him to have a ] evaluation and clearance to be readmitted.<ref name="Lipton2011-01-08"/><ref name="JohnsonKirk2011-01-09"/> |
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Before the shooting, Loughner had two previous offenses, one of which was for drug possession.<ref name="Swaine2011-01-08"/> He had become obsessed with Giffords<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0112/71169.html |title=Gabrielle Giffords' future is up in the air a year after Tucson shooting |first=Jonathan |last=Allen |website=Politico |date=January 6, 2012 |access-date=January 15, 2012 |archive-date=June 14, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130614003234/http://www.politico.com//news/stories/0112/71169.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and had previously met her at a "Congress on your Corner" event in a Tucson mall in August 2007.<ref name="WSJ_20110110">{{Cite news|last1=Emshwiller|first1=John R.|author-link=John R. Emshwiller|last2=Barrett|first2=Devlin|last3=Forrelle|first3=Charles|title=Suspect Fixated on Giffords|work=]|date=January 10, 2011|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703667904576071191163461466|access-date=January 11, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110110224001/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703667904576071191163461466.html| archive-date= January 10, 2011 | url-status= live |url-access=subscription}}</ref> |
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] officials said that Loughner had attempted to enlist in 2008, but his application had been rejected as "unqualified" for service.<ref name="JohnsonKirk2011-01-09"/> They declined further disclosure due to confidentiality rules.<ref name="MSNBC-20110108"/><ref name="Lipton2011-01-08"/><ref name="AZStar-20110108">{{Cite news|last=Steller|first=Tim|url=http://azstarnet.com/news/local/crime/article_91db5db4-1b74-11e0-ba23-001cc4c002e0.html|title=Man linked to Giffords shooting called 'very disturbed'|newspaper=Arizona Daily Star|date=January 8, 2011|access-date=January 8, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110109054527/http://azstarnet.com/news/local/crime/article_91db5db4-1b74-11e0-ba23-001cc4c002e0.html| archive-date= January 9, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> An administration official indicated to the media that Loughner had failed a drug test.<ref name="CNN_20110110">{{Cite news|last1=Griffin|first1=Drew|author-link=Drew Griffin|last2=Yellin|first2=Jessica|author2-link=Jessica Yellin|last3=Candiotti|first3=Susan|author3-link=Susan Candiotti|last4=Bash|first4=Dana|author4-link=Dana Bash|last5=Rowlands|first5=Ted|author5-link=Ted Rowlands (newscaster)|last6=Meserve|first6=Jeanne|last7=Silverleib|first7=Alan|last8=Wian|first8=Casey|last9=Bohn|first9=Kevin|display-authors=5|title=Giffords stabilizes as suspect heads to court|publisher=CNN|date=January 11, 2011|url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/01/10/arizona.shooting/index.html|access-date=January 11, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110110190409/http://www.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/01/10/arizona.shooting/index.html| archive-date= January 10, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
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Loughner had been posting material online for some time via his Myspace account and on YouTube under the name "Classitup10".<ref name="Lipton2011-01-08"/><ref name="CNN_Pima_County_Sheriff">{{Cite news|title=Arizona massacre suspect: 'Kind of a troubled past'|publisher=CNN|date=January 9, 2011|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/01/08/arizona.shooting.suspect/|access-date=January 9, 2011|archive-date=October 23, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023083828/http://edition.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/01/08/arizona.shooting.suspect/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Grinberg2011-01-08"/> He gave his views on terrorism, federal laws, and his belief that the government was ].<ref name="Lipton2011-01-08"/><ref name="Swaine2011-01-08"/><ref name="Grinberg2011-01-08"/><ref name="upi">{{cite news|url=http://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2011/01/08/Loughner-mused-if-he-was-a-terrorist/UPI-44681294537795/|title=Loughner mused if he was a terrorist|date=January 8, 2011|access-date=January 9, 2011|work=United Press International| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110119082232/http://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2011/01/08/Loughner-mused-if-he-was-a-terrorist/UPI-44681294537795/| archive-date= January 19, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> Hours before the incident, Loughner's Myspace page was updated with posts from his account stating, "Goodbye", and said to friends: "Please don't be mad at me."<ref name="Lipton2011-01-08"/><ref name="Slate">{{cite web|last1=Shafer|first1=Jack|author-link=Jack Shafer|last2=Tapper|first2=Jake|author-link2=Jake Tapper|last3=Balko|first3=Radley|author-link3=Radley Balko|last4=Marshall|first4=Josh|author-link4=Josh Marshall|last5=Smith|first5=Ben|author-link5=Ben Smith (journalist)|last6=Kirn|first6=Walter|author-link6=Walter Kirn|last7=Lithwick|first7=Dahlia|author-link7=Dahlia Lithwick|last8=Maddow|first8=Rachel|author-link8=Rachel Maddow|last9=Davis |first9=Susan |title=The Giffords Shooting |website=]|date=January 8, 2011 |url=http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/press_box/2011/01/the_giffords_shooting.html | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110119033341/http://www.slate.com/id/2280593/| archive-date= January 19, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref><ref name="Weisenthal">{{Cite news|last=Weisenthal|first=Joe|title=Gunman Identified As Jared Lee Loughner|work=]|date=January 8, 2011|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/jared-lee-loughner-2011-1|access-date=January 8, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110110025304/http://www.businessinsider.com/jared-lee-loughner-2011-1| archive-date= January 10, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
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On November 30, 2010, Loughner purchased a ] semi-automatic pistol at a ] store in Tucson, passing a background check.<ref name=nyt20110114>{{citation |title=Tucson Shootings Add to Glock's Notoriety |first=Andrew |last=Martin |date=January 14, 2011 |access-date=July 26, 2018 |newspaper=] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/15/business/15glock.html |archive-date=January 18, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118122418/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/15/business/15glock.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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Earlier on the day of the shooting, Loughner reportedly had an altercation with his father regarding a black bag the younger man took from a car trunk.<ref name="ABCNewsUS">{{cite web|last1=Banfield|first1=Ashleigh|first2=Jessica |last2=Hopper |first3=Josey |last3=Crews |first4=Emily |last4=Friedman |title=Tucson Shooting: Jared Loughner Stopped for Traffic Violation Hours Before Shooting|work=ABC News|date=January 12, 2011|url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/tucson-shooting-jared-loughner-stopped-authorities-hours-shooting/story?id=12597092|access-date=January 16, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110119064040/http://abcnews.go.com/US/tucson-shooting-jared-loughner-stopped-authorities-hours-shooting/story?id=12597092| archive-date= January 19, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> A bag matching the description was later found in a nearby desert area containing 9mm ammunition, and it is believed to belong to Loughner.<ref name="FOX11AZ">{{cite web |title=Loughner's black bag found |publisher=KMSB-TV |date=January 14, 2011 |url=http://www.fox11az.com/news/local/Loughners-black-bag-found-113613454.html |access-date=January 16, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928222914/http://www.fox11az.com/news/local/Loughners-black-bag-found-113613454.html |archive-date=September 28, 2011 }}</ref> Later that morning, at approximately 7:30 A.M., Loughner was stopped by an ] officer after running a red light, but was released with a warning when it was determined that he did not have any outstanding warrants.<ref name="ABCNewsUS"/> |
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===Legal proceedings=== |
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], where ] was being held<ref name="BOP-locator"/>]] |
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Loughner was held in the ] without bail.<ref name="BOP-locator"/><ref name="ABC15-20110109-held">{{Cite news|title=Tucson shooting suspect held without bail |url=http://www.abc15.com/dpp/news/national/suspect-jared-loughner-faces-federal-charges-in-tucson-shooting |publisher=] |date=January 9, 2011 |access-date=January 12, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110111092955/http://www.abc15.com/dpp/news/national/suspect-jared-loughner-faces-federal-charges-in-tucson-shooting |archive-date=January 11, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> All Arizona-based federal judges recused themselves from the case because of their ties to Judge Roll, who was killed in the attack.<ref name="USAToday-20110111-recusal">{{Cite news|last=Johnson|first=Kevin|url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2011-01-12-defense12_ST_N.htm|title=In Loughner case, Ariz. federal judiciary considers recusal|newspaper=]|date=January 11, 2011|access-date=January 12, 2011|archive-date=January 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118122417/https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/washington/2011-01-12-defense12_ST_N.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="CNN-20110112-lawyer">{{Cite news|last=O'Neill|first=Ann|url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/01/12/arizona.judy.clarke.profile/|title=Lawyer keeps even the most loathed criminals off death row|publisher=CNN|date=January 12, 2011|access-date=January 12, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121109035421/http://www.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/01/12/arizona.judy.clarke.profile/| archive-date=November 9, 2012| url-status= live}}</ref> The federal case was assigned to a San Diego-based jurist, federal Judge ] from the ].<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://tpmmuckraker.talkingpointsmemo.com/2011/01/due_to_arizona_conflicts_california_judge_takes_ov.php|title=Due To Arizona Conflicts, California Judge Takes Over Loughner Case|last=Reilly|first=Ryan J.|journal=]|date=January 12, 2011|access-date=January 13, 2011|archive-date=January 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118122431/https://talkingpointsmemo.com/muckraker|url-status=live}}</ref> The ] ], also based in San Diego, was appointed to represent Loughner in federal court.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Hoffer|first=Steven|title=Judy Clarke, Who Defended the 'Unabomber,' Will Represent Jared Lee Loughner|work=AOL News|publisher=AOL|date=January 10, 2011|url=http://www.aolnews.com/2011/01/10/judy-clarke-who-defended-the-unabomber-will-represent-jared/|access-date=January 11, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130507040429/http://www.aolnews.com/2011/01/10/judy-clarke-who-defended-the-unabomber-will-represent-jared/|archive-date=May 7, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/11/us/11defender.html|title=Loughner's Lawyer Is Called a Master Strategist|first=William |last=Glaberson |work=]|date=January 10, 2011|access-date=January 11, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110111050242/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/11/us/11defender.html| archive-date= January 11, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
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On January 19, 2011, a federal ] handed down an indictment for three counts against Loughner for the attempt to assassinate Representative Giffords, and attempting to kill two federal employees, her aides ] and Pamela Simon.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-0120-loughner-indictment-20110120,0,7054779.story |title=Federal grand jury indicts Loughner in Giffords shooting |last=Riccardi |first=Nicholas |work=] |date=January 20, 2011 |access-date=January 20, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110218213941/http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-0120-loughner-indictment-20110120%2C0%2C7054779.story |archive-date=February 18, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> Loughner was indicted on additional charges of murder and attempted murder on March 3, for a total of 49 counts.<ref name="CNN-20110304-indicted">{{Cite news|last=Cratty and|first=Carol|url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/03/04/arizona.loughner/|title=Alleged Tucson gunman indicted on 49 charges in shooting|publisher=CNN|date=March 4, 2011|access-date=March 5, 2011|archive-date=January 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118122422/http://www.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/03/04/arizona.loughner/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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Prosecutors representing the state of Arizona filed murder and attempted murder charges on behalf of the victims who were not federal employees. Under Arizona's ] statutes, Arizona state prosecutors normally have ten days from the time a suspect is taken into custody to file charges, but time spent in federal custody does not count toward this limitation.<ref>{{cite web|last=Smith|first=Kim|title=LaWall considers state charges in Tucson shooting spree case|website=Arizona Daily Star|date=January 10, 2011|url=http://azstarnet.com/news/local/crime/article_73b56d54-1ce4-11e0-8c0e-001cc4c002e0.html|access-date=January 11, 2011|archive-date=January 11, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110111174226/http://azstarnet.com/news/local/crime/article_73b56d54-1ce4-11e0-8c0e-001cc4c002e0.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Conviction in either federal or state court meant that Loughner could face the death penalty. |
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On May 25, 2011, Judge Burns found Loughner incompetent to stand trial based on two medical evaluations. These evaluations had diagnosed him with ] ].<ref name=competence>{{cite news|url=http://news.blogs.cnn.com/2011/05/25/judge-loughner-not-competent-to-stand-trial/|title=Judge: Loughner not competent to stand trial in Arizona shootings|publisher=CNN|date=May 25, 2011|access-date=May 25, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110527014202/http://news.blogs.cnn.com/2011/05/25/judge-loughner-not-competent-to-stand-trial/| archive-date= May 27, 2011 | url-status= dead}}</ref> Loughner was ordered to be forcibly medicated following his diagnosis of ].<ref>{{cite news|title=Trial not likely for Jared Lee Loughner in 2012|url=http://www.nypost.com/p/news/national/trial_not_likely_for_jared_lee_loughner_NHbkr1Kh2Dmr2gxvFMq48M|work=New York Post|access-date=July 16, 2012|agency=Associated Press|date=January 6, 2012|archive-date=January 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118122422/https://nypost.com/2012/01/06/trial-not-likely-for-jared-lee-loughner-in-2012/|url-status=live}}</ref> A new evaluation was ordered for January 25, 2012.<ref>{{cite news | title=New Loughner evaluation due Jan. 25 | website=] | date=March 10, 2016 | url=http://tucson.com/news/local/new-loughner-evaluation-due-jan/article_913b6b9c-69a0-5e98-94dd-b885d2fb932c.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310103232/http://tucson.com/news/local/new-loughner-evaluation-due-jan/article_913b6b9c-69a0-5e98-94dd-b885d2fb932c.html | archive-date=March 10, 2016 | url-status=dead | access-date=October 12, 2019}}</ref> |
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On February 6, 2012, his stay at the ] facility was extended by four months.<ref>{{cite news|title=U.S. judge grants more time for accused Tucson shooter|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-shooting-tucson-idUSTRE81525R20120207|work=Reuters|access-date=July 16, 2012|date=February 6, 2012|archive-date=February 1, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201103106/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-shooting-tucson-idUSTRE81525R20120207|url-status=live}}</ref> A request by Loughner's lawyers to end forced medication was denied.<ref>{{cite news|title=Jared Lee Loughner Loses 3 Appeals Over Forced Medication|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/03/05/jared-lee-loughner-trial-forced-medication-arizona-shooting_n_1321407.html|work=Huffington Post|access-date=July 16, 2012|agency=Associated Press|date=March 5, 2012|archive-date=January 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118122425/https://www.huffpost.com/?err_code=404&err_url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2F2012%2F03%2F05%2Fjared-lee-loughner-trial-forced-medication-arizona-shooting_n_1321407.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Another competency hearing was set for June 27, 2012, but later rescheduled.<ref>{{cite web|last=Jennifer|first=Bowen|title=Hearing set to determine if alleged Tucson shooter can stand trial|url=http://www.tucsonnewsnow.com/story/18617846/hearing-set-to-determine-if-alleged-tucson-shooter-can-stand-trial|publisher=Tucson News Now|access-date=July 16, 2012|date=May 24, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131009085733/http://www.tucsonnewsnow.com/story/18617846/hearing-set-to-determine-if-alleged-tucson-shooter-can-stand-trial|archive-date=October 9, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=David|first=Schwartz|title=Accused Tucson shooter's competency hearing rescheduled|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-shooting-loughner-idUSBRE85B1IJ20120612|work=Reuters|access-date=July 16, 2012|date=June 12, 2012|archive-date=February 1, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201103106/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-shooting-loughner-idUSBRE85B1IJ20120612|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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On August 7, 2012, Loughner's competency hearing began with testimony from Dr. Christina Pietz, Loughner's ], who testified that she believed Loughner was competent to stand trial. After hearing the evidence, Judge Burns ruled that Loughner was competent to stand trial, whereupon Loughner pleaded guilty to 19 counts, sparing himself the death penalty.<ref>{{cite web|title=Jared Loughner is found competent to stand trial|url=https://www.azcentral.com/news/articles/20120807tucson-shooting-loughner-court-hearing.html|website=The Arizona Republic|access-date=August 7, 2012|archive-date=January 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118122942/https://help.azcentral.com/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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On November 8, 2012, Loughner appeared for sentencing, with several of his victims as well as relatives of those he killed in attendance. Judge Burns sentenced Loughner to seven consecutive life terms plus 140 years in prison without parole.<ref>{{cite news|last=Ball|first=James|title=Jared Lee Loughner sentenced to life in prison|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/gabrielle-giffords-confronts-shooter-jared-lee-loughner-in-court/2012/11/08/09968fe2-29c7-11e2-b4e0-346287b7e56c_story.html|access-date=November 14, 2012|newspaper=]|date=November 8, 2012|archive-date=November 13, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113161352/http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/gabrielle-giffords-confronts-shooter-jared-lee-loughner-in-court/2012/11/08/09968fe2-29c7-11e2-b4e0-346287b7e56c_story.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Duke|first=Alan|title=Loughner sentenced to life for Arizona shootings|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2012/11/08/justice/arizona-loughner-sentencing/index.html|publisher=CNN|access-date=November 14, 2012|date=November 9, 2012|archive-date=November 9, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109141836/http://edition.cnn.com/2012/11/08/justice/arizona-loughner-sentencing/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Santos|first=Fernanda|title=Gunman in Giffords Shooting Sentenced to 7 Life Terms|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/09/us/gunman-who-shot-giffords-to-be-sentenced.html|access-date=November 14, 2012|newspaper=]|date=November 8, 2012|archive-date=November 14, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121114040220/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/09/us/gunman-who-shot-giffords-to-be-sentenced.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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After his sentencing in federal court, Pima County Attorney Barbara LaWall announced that she would not prosecute Loughner on behalf of the state of Arizona. LaWall explained that her decision would afford the victims and their families, as well as the community in Tucson and Pima County, an opportunity to move forward with their lives. She said that, after speaking and consulting personally with each of the surviving victims and with the family members of those killed, it was clear that they would not be benefitted by a state prosecution. Surviving victims and family members told LaWall that they are "completely satisfied with the federal prosecution", that "justice has been served", and that the federal sentence is "suitably severe".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tucsonlocalmedia.com/news/article_f396fab0-29f3-11e2-9ec5-001a4bcf887a.html |title=Pima County Attorney won't prosecute Loughner – The Explorer: News |website=The Explorer |date=November 8, 2012 |access-date=September 13, 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322094949/http://www.tucsonlocalmedia.com/news/article_f396fab0-29f3-11e2-9ec5-001a4bcf887a.html |archive-date=March 22, 2016 }} ()</ref><!--http://explorernews.com/news/article_f396fab0-29f3-11e2-9ec5-001a4bcf887a.html--> |
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==Victims== |
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Six people were killed in the attack;<ref name="MSNBC-20110109-victims">{{Cite news|url=https://www.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2011/01/09/thumbnail_sketches_of_victims_in_tucson_shooting/|title=Thumbnail sketches of victims in Tucson shooting|work=]|agency=]|date=January 9, 2011|access-date=January 10, 2011|archive-date=February 13, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120213125859/http://www.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2011/01/09/thumbnail_sketches_of_victims_in_tucson_shooting/|url-status=live}}</ref> all but Christina-Taylor Green died at the scene of the shooting:<ref>{{cite web|website=The Arizona Republic|url=https://www.azcentral.com/news/articles/2011/01/08/20110108gabrielle-giffords-arizona-shooting-timeline.html|title=Gabrielle Giffords shooting: As it unfolded|date=January 8, 2011|access-date=January 9, 2011|archive-date=January 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118122941/https://help.azcentral.com/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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* Christina-Taylor Green, 9, of Tucson.<ref name="Dolnick-Lacey2011-01-13"/> Green was accompanied to the meeting by neighbor Susan Hileman.<ref name="Gonzalez2011-01-08-victims"/><ref name="azstar100901">{{Cite news|title=Born, died between 2 tragedies|url=http://azstarnet.com/news/local/article_28c8e686-1ca6-5b3e-ab85-965bd22c68c0.html|first=Stephanie|last=Innes|newspaper=Arizona Daily Star|date=September 1, 2011|access-date=September 1, 2011|archive-date=February 2, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120202204143/http://azstarnet.com/news/local/article_28c8e686-1ca6-5b3e-ab85-965bd22c68c0.html|url-status=live}}</ref> As her date of birth was ], she had appeared in the book ''Faces of Hope: Babies Born on 9/11'' (page 41).<ref name="baby of hope">{{Cite news|url=https://www.smh.com.au/world/baby-of-hope-shot-dead-by-gunman-20110109-19jpr.html|title='Baby of hope' shot dead by gunman|date=January 9, 2011|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|access-date=January 9, 2011}}</ref><ref name="NYT_Berger"/><ref name="fhbb911">{{Cite book|title=Faces of Hope: Babies Born on 9/11|last=Naman|first=Christine Pisera|year=2002|publisher=Health Communications, Inc|location=Deerfield Beach, Florida|isbn=978-0-7573-0097-4|page=41|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VayUKdTuI7kC&pg=PA41|access-date=January 10, 2011}}</ref> She was the granddaughter of former ] player and manager ] and the second cousin of actress ].<ref name="NYT_Berger"/><ref>{{cite magazine|first=Joe|last=Posnanski|title=A Death in The Family|date=January 24, 2011|magazine=Sports Illustrated|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1180934/index.htm|quote=Everyone says Christina had Roxanna's grace and John's spirit.|access-date=January 22, 2011|archive-date=November 3, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103203709/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1180934/index.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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* Dorothy "Dot" Morris, 76, a retired secretary from ]; wife of George, who was wounded.<ref name="MSNBC-20110109-victims"/><ref name="azstarmorrises">{{Cite news|first=Rhonda|last=Bodfield|title=Morrises, shot at shopping center gathering, 'were totally in love'|url=http://azstarnet.com/news/local/crime/article_172ac6d9-578c-5b3a-b227-c824c94c3f28.html|newspaper=Arizona Daily Star|date=January 10, 2011|access-date=January 11, 2011|archive-date=January 12, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110112203757/http://azstarnet.com/news/local/crime/article_172ac6d9-578c-5b3a-b227-c824c94c3f28.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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* ], 63, chief judge of the ], named to the federal bench by President ] in 1991.<ref name="Gonzalez2011-01-08-victims"/><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/09/us/09judge.html|title=Amid Shock, Recalling Judge's Life of Service|first=John |last=Schwartz |work=]|date=January 8, 2011|access-date=January 9, 2011 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121113071104/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/09/us/09judge.html| archive-date=November 13, 2012| url-status= live}}</ref> |
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* Phyllis Schneck, 79, ] from Tucson.<ref name="MSNBC-20110109-victims"/><ref name="azstarSchneck">{{Cite news|first=Rhonda|last=Bodfield|title=Shooting victim made quilts, volunteered|url=http://azstarnet.com/news/local/crime/article_8fa84b49-2e3a-5267-9af8-a5809386e583.html|newspaper=Arizona Daily Star|date=January 10, 2011|access-date=January 11, 2011|archive-date=January 12, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110112225726/http://azstarnet.com/news/local/crime/article_8fa84b49-2e3a-5267-9af8-a5809386e583.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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* Dorwan Stoddard, 76, retired construction worker, died from a gunshot wound to the head; his wife Mavy was wounded.<ref name="MSNBC-20110109-victims"/><ref name="Stoddard">{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Brad|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE70A5RE20110111|title=Tucson shooting victim shielded wife from hail of bullets|work=Reuters|date=January 11, 2011|access-date=January 12, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110112052145/https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE70A5RE20110111| archive-date= January 12, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
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* Gabriel "Gabe" Zimmerman, 30, community outreach director for Giffords,<ref name="LaceyHerszenhorn2011-01-09"/><ref name="Gonzalez2011-01-08-victims"/> and a member of Giffords's staff since 2006. Zimmerman was the first Congressional staffer killed in the line of duty.<ref name="azstarzimmerman">{{Cite news|first=Tony|last=Davis|title=Aide had gift for working with people|url=http://azstarnet.com/news/local/article_4521426f-3aed-52c8-87fd-19e38b9ec5ec.html|newspaper=Arizona Daily Star|date=January 9, 2011|access-date=January 11, 2011|archive-date=January 12, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110112015715/http://azstarnet.com/news/local/article_4521426f-3aed-52c8-87fd-19e38b9ec5ec.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url = https://www.politico.com/story/2011/07/fallen-hill-staffer-honored-059488|title = Fallen Hill staffer honored|website = ]| date=July 20, 2011 |access-date = February 26, 2020|archive-date = February 26, 2020|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200226064956/https://www.politico.com/story/2011/07/fallen-hill-staffer-honored-059488|url-status = live}}</ref> |
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In addition to the 6 dead, 13 other people were wounded by gunshot in the attack, while a 14th person was injured subduing Loughner. Gabrielle Giffords and two other members of her staff were among the surviving gunshot victims.<ref name="WP-20110114-victims">{{Cite news|last1=Bell|first1=Melissa|last2=Buck|first2=James|url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/blog-post/2011/01/arizona_shooting_victims_the_i.html|title=Updated: List of injured victims in Arizona shooting released by Pima County sheriff|newspaper=]|date=January 14, 2011|access-date=January 14, 2011|archive-date=October 9, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009173637/http://voices.washingtonpost.com/blog-post/2011/01/arizona_shooting_victims_the_i.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Staffer ], shot in the thigh and face, would later succeed Giffords in her House seat.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/2012/11/17/ex-giffords-aide-ron-barber-wins-arizona-house-race/|title=Ex-Giffords aide Ron Barber wins Arizona House race|first=Jazmine|last=Woodberry|publisher=]|date=November 17, 2012|access-date=September 11, 2013|archive-date=November 19, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121119135722/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2012-11-17/news/sns-rt-us-usa-campaign-barberbre8ag0kh-20121117_1_ron-barber-gabrielle-giffords-thousands-of-provisional-ballots|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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===Gabby Giffords=== |
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] in 2010, official portrait]] |
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] was reported to be the target of the shootings.<ref name="LaceyHerszenhorn2011-01-09"/> Some news organizations initially reported she had been killed, but these statements were quickly revised to reflect that she had survived with a gunshot wound to the head.<ref name="poynter_mistakes">{{cite web|last=Moos|first=Julie|title=After conflicting reports in Arizona shooting, Sklar, Silverman track media mistakes while NPR explains|url=http://www.poynter.org/latest-news/top-stories/113736/after-conflicting-reports-in-arizona-shooting-folkenflik-uses-twitter-to-explain-media-mistakes/|publisher=]|date=January 8, 2011|access-date=January 9, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110110201233/http://www.poynter.org/latest-news/top-stories/113736/after-conflicting-reports-in-arizona-shooting-folkenflik-uses-twitter-to-explain-media-mistakes/|archive-date=January 10, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="politico_npr">{{Cite news|last=Hagey|first=Keach|title=NPR: 'We regret the erroneous news'|url=http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0111/47282.html|newspaper=]|date=January 8, 2011|access-date=January 9, 2011|archive-date=May 13, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513045928/http://www.politico.com//news/stories/0111/47282.html|url-status=live}}</ref> ], one of Giffords's interns, assisted her after she was wounded and is credited with saving her life.<ref name="Salon-20110110">{{cite news|last=Williams|first=Mary Elizabeth|url=http://www.salon.com/life/feature/2011/01/10/daneil_hernandez_gay_latino_hero|title=The Giffords shooting's gay, Hispanic hero|journal=]|date=January 10, 2011|access-date=January 15, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110117085708/http://www.salon.com/life/feature/2011/01/10/daneil_hernandez_gay_latino_hero| archive-date= January 17, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref><ref name="LATimes-20110110">{{cite news|last=Morrison|first=Patt|url=http://opinion.latimes.com/opinionla/2011/01/two-gay-heroes-thwart-assassinations-what-a-difference-35-years-make.html|title=Two gay heroes thwart assassinations – what a difference 35 years make|newspaper=]|date=January 10, 2011|access-date=January 15, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110114213856/http://opinion.latimes.com/opinionla/2011/01/two-gay-heroes-thwart-assassinations-what-a-difference-35-years-make.html| archive-date= January 14, 2011| url-status= live}}</ref><ref name="Huffington-20110110">{{cite news|last=Foley|first=Elise|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/01/10/heroic-giffords-intern-co_n_806999.html|title=Heroic Giffords Intern Could Be Asked For Papers Under Arizona Immigration Law|journal=]|date=January 10, 2011|access-date=January 15, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110111002538/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/01/10/heroic-giffords-intern-co_n_806999.html| archive-date= January 11, 2011| url-status= live}}</ref> |
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Giffords was taken to University Medical Center in critical condition,<ref name="azcentral2011-01-08-optimistic"/><ref name="WP-20110109-killed">{{Cite news|last1=Murray|first1=Shailagh|last2=Horwitz|first2=Sari|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/08/AR2011010802422.html|title=Hospital: Rep. Gabrielle Giffords shot in Tucson rampage; federal judge killed|date=January 9, 2011|newspaper=]|access-date=January 9, 2011|archive-date=January 9, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110109124621/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/08/AR2011010802422.html|url-status=live}}</ref> although she was still conscious. Within 38 minutes,<ref name="CNN-20110110-survive"/> Giffords underwent emergency surgery,<ref name="WP-20110109-hope">{{Cite news|last1=Stein|first1=Rob|last2=Vedantam|first2=Shankar|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/09/AR2011010904439.html|title=Doctors see signs of hope for Giffords's recovery|newspaper=]|date=January 9, 2011|access-date=January 10, 2011|archive-date=February 21, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110221204956/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/09/AR2011010904439.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and part of her skull was removed to prevent further brain damage caused by swelling.<ref name="CNN-20110110-survive"/> She was placed into a ] to allow her brain to rest.<ref name="ABC-20110109-coma">{{Cite news|last=Carollo|first=Kim|title=Gabrielle Giffords in Medically Induced Coma to Help Brain Rest|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Health/gabrielle-giffords-health-update/story?id=12576433|work=ABC News|date=January 9, 2011|access-date=January 9, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110119040501/http://abcnews.go.com/Health/gabrielle-giffords-health-update/story?id=12576433| archive-date= January 19, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> During a memorial ceremony on January 12, President Obama announced that earlier that day Giffords had opened her eyes for the first time since the attack.<ref name="NYT_Cooper_20110112"/> |
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As Giffords's status improved, she began simple physical therapy and music therapy.<ref name="ADW-20110114-therapy">{{cite news|last=Money |first=Luke |url=http://wildcat.arizona.edu/news/giffords-can-move-legs-begins-physical-therapy-1.1843099 |title=Giffords can move legs, begins physical therapy |newspaper=] |date=January 14, 2011 |access-date=January 14, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110117041554/http://wildcat.arizona.edu/news/giffords-can-move-legs-begins-physical-therapy-1.1843099 |archive-date=January 17, 2011 }}</ref> On January 21, 2011, less than two weeks after the attack, her condition was deemed sufficiently stable for her to be released to Houston's ]. A few days later she was moved to the center's Institute for Rehabilitation and Research to undergo a program of physical therapy and rehabilitation.<ref name="CNN-20110121-transfer">{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/01/21/arizona.shooting/index.html|title=Giffords arrives in Houston|last=Martinez|first=Michael|date=January 21, 2011|publisher=CNN|access-date=January 21, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110121102450/http://www.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/01/21/arizona.shooting/index.html| archive-date= January 21, 2011| url-status= live}}</ref><ref name="CNN-Cohen-26Jan">{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/01/26/arizona.shooting.giffords/index.html|title=Giffords moves to rehabilitation hospital|last=Cohen|first=Elizabeth|date=January 26, 2011|publisher=CNN|access-date=January 26, 2011|archive-date=January 26, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110126195733/http://www.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/01/26/arizona.shooting.giffords/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> After examination, her Houston doctors were optimistic, saying she has "great rehabilitation potential".<ref name="AZStar-20110121-potential">{{cite news|url=http://azstarnet.com/news/local/article_4dc188e0-25a8-11e0-aa8e-001cc4c002e0.html|title=Doctor: Giffords has 'great rehabilitation potential'|date=January 21, 2011|newspaper=Arizona Daily Star|access-date=January 22, 2011|archive-date=January 24, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110124194124/http://azstarnet.com/news/local/article_4dc188e0-25a8-11e0-aa8e-001cc4c002e0.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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On August 1, 2011, she made her first public appearance on the House floor to vote in favor of ]. She was met with a standing ovation and accolades from her fellow members of Congress.<ref name="congressreturnCNN">{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/POLITICS/08/01/congress.giffords/index.html|title=Giffords returns to House for debt vote|date=August 1, 2011|publisher=CNN|access-date=August 1, 2011|archive-date=January 31, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130131151541/http://www.cnn.com/2011/POLITICS/08/01/congress.giffords/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Giffords engaged in intensive rehabilitation treatments in ], from October 25 through November 4.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2011/10/23/us/north-carolina-giffords-rehab/index.html|title=Gabrielle Giffords to undergo 'intensive' therapy in North Carolina|publisher=CNN|date=October 23, 2011|access-date=November 18, 2011|archive-date=October 24, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111024185453/http://www.cnn.com/2011/10/23/us/north-carolina-giffords-rehab/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2011, ], Giffords's husband, published a memoir, ''Gabby: A Story of Courage and Hope,'' crediting her with joint authorship. He wrote that Giffords vows to return to Congress, although she continues to struggle with language and has lost 50 percent of her vision in both eyes.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Myers|first1=Amanda Lee|first2=Michelle|last2=Price|url=https://news.yahoo.com/ap-exclusive-giffords-vows-return-congress-154211434.html|title=AP Exclusive: Giffords vows return to Congress|publisher=Yahoo!|agency=Associated Press|date=November 4, 2011|access-date=November 18, 2011|archive-date=March 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010012/http://news.yahoo.com/ap-exclusive-giffords-vows-return-congress-154211434.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Kelly himself was elected ] from Arizona in ]. |
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On January 22, 2012, Giffords announced that she would resign from her congressional seat in order to concentrate on her recovery, but promised to return to public service in the future.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/arizona-rep-gabrielle-giffords-to-resign-from-congress|title=Giffords to resign from Congress|publisher=Fox News Channel|access-date=January 22, 2012|date=January 22, 2012|archive-date=April 1, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130401232622/http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2012/01/22/giffords-to-resign-from-congress/|url-status=live}}</ref> She submitted her resignation on January 25 on the floor of the House in an emotional appearance; colleagues and the House leadership offered their tributes to her courage and strength.<ref name="LATfarewell">{{cite news| url=https://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-giffords-bill-20120126,0,6404241.story| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120126055707/http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-giffords-bill-20120126,0,6404241.story| url-status=dead| archive-date=January 26, 2012| title=Rep. Gabrielle Giffords sees her last bill pass, says farewell|last=Mascaro|first=Lisa |date=January 26, 2012|work=] |access-date=January 26, 2012}}</ref> |
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==Reaction== |
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===Political=== |
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In the wake of the shooting, Democrats and Republicans both called for a cooling of political rhetoric and a return to ].<ref name=rhetoric>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-01-09/lawmakers-urge-end-to-political-rhetoric-after-tucson-shootings.html|title=Giffords Shooting in Arizona May Cool U.S. Political Rhetoric, Hurt Palin|first=Heidi|last=Przybyla|date=January 10, 2011|access-date=January 9, 2011|publisher=]| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110110103753/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-01-09/lawmakers-urge-end-to-political-rhetoric-after-tucson-shootings.html| archive-date= January 10, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> On the eve of the shooting, Giffords had written to a Republican friend, ], Secretary of State of Kentucky, saying, "we need to figure out how to tone our rhetoric and partisanship down."<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://tpmdc.talkingpointsmemo.com/2011/01/giffords-sent-email-on-eve-of-shooting-calling-for-toned-down-rhetoric.php|title=Giffords Sent Email on Eve of Shooting Calling For Toned Down Rhetoric|first=Eric|last=Lack|date=January 10, 2011|access-date=January 11, 2011|work=Talking Points Memo|archive-date=January 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118122947/https://talkingpointsmemo.com/dc|url-status=live}}</ref> In March 2010, Giffords had expressed concern about the use of crosshairs on a ] map on ]'s campaign webpage denoting targeted congressional seats, including Giffords', in Arizona's 8th district. Shortly after the map's posting and the subsequent vandalizing of her office that month, Giffords said, "We're in Sarah Palin's 'targeted' list, but the thing is that the way she has it depicted, we're in the ] of a gun sight over our district. When people do that, they've got to realize that there are consequences to that action." At that point in the interview, however, the interviewer said, "campaign rhetoric and war rhetoric have been interchangeable for years."<ref name="Quinn-Gallagher-2011-01-09"/><ref name="nyt-vitriol"/> The image was removed from Palin's "takebackthe20" website following the January shootings.<ref name="nyt-vitriol">{{Cite news|title=Bloodshed Puts New Focus on Vitriol in Politics|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/09/us/politics/09capital.html|first1=Carl |last1=Hulse |first2=Kate |last2=Zernike |access-date=January 8, 2011|newspaper=]|date=January 8, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110110024103/http://www.nytimes.com//2011//01//09//us//politics//09capital.html| archive-date= January 10, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Coutsoukis|first=Photius|title=Screenshot of Sarah Palin's Facebook Page with the "Cross Hairs" Map|publisher=articlesurfing.org|url=http://www.articlesurfing.org/politics_and_government/sarah_palin_facebook_reconstructed.html|access-date=January 11, 2011|date=January 2011|archive-date=January 21, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130121022108/http://articlesurfing.org/politics_and_government/sarah_palin_facebook_reconstructed.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2011/01/09/advisor-linking-palin-to-shootings-appalling/|title=Adviser: Linking Palin to shootings 'appalling'|first=Mark|last=Preston|publisher=CNN|date=January 9, 2011|access-date=January 9, 2011|archive-date=August 28, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130828090742/http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2011/01/09/advisor-linking-palin-to-shootings-appalling/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Palin responded to her critics in a January 12 video, rejecting the notion that anyone other than the gunman could bear any responsibility for the Tucson shooting, and accusing the press of manufacturing a "]" to blame her and the ] for the attacks.<ref name="NYT_Zeleny">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/13/us/13palin.html|title=Palin Joins Debate on Heated Speech With Words That Stir New Controversy|first1=Jeff|last1=Zeleny|first2=Michael D.|last2=Shear|work=]|date=January 12, 2011|access-date=January 12, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110113043443/http://www.nytimes.com//2011//01//13//us//13palin.html| archive-date= January 13, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref><ref name="CNNbloodlibel">{{cite news|url=http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2011/01/12/palin-says-efforts-to-lay-blame-reprehensible/#more-142708|title=Palin says efforts to lay blame 'reprehensible' and a 'blood libel'|publisher=CNN|access-date=January 13, 2011 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110112232759/http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2011/01/12/palin-says-efforts-to-lay-blame-reprehensible/| archive-date= January 12, 2011 | url-status= dead| date=January 12, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2011/01/11/democrats-single-sharron-angle-calling-limits-speech/|title=Palin Criticizes Manufacturers of 'Blood Libel' as Proponents of Speech Limits Cite Sharron Angle|publisher=Fox News Channel|date=April 7, 2010|access-date=January 13, 2011 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110119051005/http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2011/01/11/democrats-single-sharron-angle-calling-limits-speech/| archive-date= January 19, 2011 | url-status= dead}}</ref> No link was proven between the crosshairs map and the shooting, and it is unclear whether Loughner ever saw the map.<ref>{{cite news |title=The bogus claim that a map of crosshairs by Sarah Palin's PAC incited Rep. Gabby Giffords's shooting |first=Michelle |last=Ye Hee Lee |newspaper=] |date=June 15, 2017 |access-date=November 18, 2021 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/fact-checker/wp/2017/06/15/the-bogus-claim-that-a-map-of-crosshairs-by-sarah-palins-pac-incited-rep-gabby-giffordss-shooting/ |archive-date=November 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211129103653/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/fact-checker/wp/2017/06/15/the-bogus-claim-that-a-map-of-crosshairs-by-sarah-palins-pac-incited-rep-gabby-giffordss-shooting/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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The political climate in the United States and in Arizona in particular was pointed to by some observers as a possible contributing factor for the violent act. For example, ], Pima County Sheriff, initially expressed concern that overheated political rhetoric and violence may be related, observing, "When you look at unbalanced people, how they respond to the vitriol that comes out of certain mouths about tearing down the government. The anger, the hatred, the bigotry that goes on in this country is getting to be outrageous." He believed that Arizona had unfortunately become "the capital" of such feelings. "We have become the mecca for prejudice and bigotry," he said.<ref name="NYTimes-20110110-spotlight">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/10/us/10arizona.html|title=Shooting Casts a Harsh Spotlight on Arizona's Unique Politics|first=Jennifer|last=Steinhauer|work=]|date=January 9, 2011|access-date=January 10, 2011|archive-date=January 10, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120110043348/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/10/us/10arizona.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/44/2011/01/sheriff-dupniks-criticism-of-p.html|title=Sheriff Dupnik's criticism of political 'vitriol' resonates with public|newspaper=]|first=Sandhya|last=Somashekhar|date=January 9, 2011|access-date=January 29, 2011|archive-date=November 26, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126110827/http://voices.washingtonpost.com/44/2011/01/sheriff-dupniks-criticism-of-p.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> But, Dupnik later said that he had no evidence that the killings were a result of anything particular which Loughner may have read or heard.<ref>{{cite news|last=Mirkinson|first=Jack|title=Megyn Kelly Debates Sheriff Clarence Dupnik About His Comments on Arizona Shooting (VIDEO)|work=Huffington Post|date=January 9, 2011|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/01/09/megyn-kelly-debates-clarence-dupnik_n_806521.html|access-date=January 12, 2011}}</ref> International media referred to the political climate in the United States and the Palin map in particular.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-12147588|title=Shot US congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords 'doing well'|publisher=]|access-date=January 11, 2011|date=January 9, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110110030929/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-12147588| archive-date= January 10, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://nos.nl/artikel/210531-toestand-giffords-bevredigend.html|title=Toestand Giffords bevredigend (Condition Giffords satisfying)|website=nos.nl (Dutch public broadcaster)|date=January 10, 2011|access-date=January 11, 2011|language=nl|archive-date=September 27, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120927051502/http://nos.nl/artikel/210531-toestand-giffords-bevredigend.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rtl.nl/(/actueel/rtlnieuws/buitenland/)/components/actueel/rtlnieuws/2011/01_januari/11/buitenland/tea-party_links-misbruikt-aanslag.xml|title=Tea Party: links misbruikt aanslag (Tea Party: left misuses attack)|website=RTL News (Dutch commercial broadcaster)|access-date=January 11, 2011|language=nl|archive-date=January 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118122948/https://www.rtl.nl/404|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deredactie.be/cm/vrtnieuws/buitenland/1.938298|title=Amerikaans Congreslid Giffords neergeschoten (American member of congress Giffords shot down)|website=deredachtie.be (VRT; Belgian public broadcaster)|date=January 8, 2011|access-date=January 11, 2011|language=nl|archive-date=November 20, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121120103955/http://www.deredactie.be/cm/vrtnieuws/buitenland/1.938298|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/schiessereituscon110.html |title=US-Abgeordnete Giffords in kritischem Zustand (US-representative Giffords in critical condition) |website=tagesschau.de (ARD; German public broadcaster) |access-date=January 11, 2011 |language=de |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110111053542/http://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/schiessereituscon110.html |archive-date=January 11, 2011 }}</ref> The French newspaper '']'' said that the attack seemed to confirm "an alarming premonition that has been gaining momentum for a long time: that the verbal and symbolic violence that the most radical right-wing opponents have used in their clash with the ] would at some point lead to tragic physical violence."<ref name="NPR-AP-2011-01-10">{{cite news|url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/global-worry-tucson-attack-augur-more-violent-us/|agency=Associated Press|title=Global worry: Tucson attack augur more violent US?|date=January 10, 2011|publisher=Fox News Channel|access-date=January 15, 2011|quote=In Paris, the newspaper ''Le Monde'' said the attack seemed to confirm "an alarming premonition that has been gaining momentum for a long time: that the verbal and symbolic violence that the most radical right-wing opponents have used in their clash with the Obama administration would at some point lead to tragic physical violence."| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110123230448/http://www.foxnews.com/world/2011/01/10/global-worry-tucson-attack-augur-violent/| archive-date= January 23, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> President Obama called the shooting an "unspeakable tragedy", adding that "such a ] and terrible act of violence has no place in a free society".<ref name="Obama-WHgov-2011-01-08"/> Arizona Governor ] called the attack "senseless and cruel violence"<ref name="azcentral2011-01-08-reaction"/> and House Speaker ] said, "An attack on one who serves is an attack on all who serve. Acts and threats of violence against public officials have no place in our society".<ref>{{Cite press release|url=http://speaker.gov/News/DocumentSingle.aspx?DocumentID=219343|title=Boehner Condemns Attack on Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords|publisher=John Boehner|access-date=January 9, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110108195151/http://speaker.gov/News/DocumentSingle.aspx?DocumentID=219343|archive-date=January 8, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> ] ] issued a statement noting, "we in the judiciary have suffered the terrible loss of one of our own", with the death of Chief Judge John Roll.<ref name="FOX_News_Insider">{{Cite news|title=Statement from Chief Justice Roberts on Death of Judge Roll |format=] |publisher=Fox News Channel |date=January 8, 2011 |url=http://www.foxnewsinsider.com/2011/01/08/statement-from-chief-justice-roberts-on-death-of-judge-roll/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120524164259/http://www.foxnewsinsider.com/2011/01/08/statement-from-chief-justice-roberts-on-death-of-judge-roll/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 24, 2012 |access-date=January 10, 2011 }}</ref> |
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Political figures such as Arizona's ] ]<ref name="Bizjournal">{{Cite news|first=Mike|last=Sunnucks|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/phoenix/news/2011/01/08/arizona-federal-leaders-speak-out.html|title=Arizona, federal leaders speak out on shootings|work=Phoenix Business Journal|access-date=January 8, 2011|date=January 8, 2011|archive-date=October 26, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026072602/http://www.bizjournals.com/phoenix/news/2011/01/08/arizona-federal-leaders-speak-out.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and ],<ref>{{Cite news|agency=Israel News|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4010692,00.html|title=McCain: Shooting a 'terrible, terrible' tragedy|work=Ynetnews|date=January 9, 2011|access-date=January 29, 2011|archive-date=November 27, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121127190044/http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0%2C7340%2CL-4010692%2C00.html|url-status=live}}</ref> House Majority Leader ], House Minority Leader ]<ref name="BBC_121144057">{{Cite news|title=In quotes: Reaction to Arizona shooting|publisher=]|date=January 9, 2011|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-12144057|access-date=January 9, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110110024504/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-12144057| archive-date= January 10, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> issued statements. Numerous foreign politicians additionally commented on the shooting, including Canadian Foreign Affairs Minister ],<ref>{{Cite news|title=Ottawa offers condolences to 'valued friend' after Arizona shooting|work=] |location=Toronto|date=January 9, 2011|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/ottawa-offers-condolences-to-valued-friend-after-arizona-shooting/article1863058/|access-date=January 10, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110120111639/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/ottawa-offers-condolences-to-valued-friend-after-arizona-shooting/article1863058/| archive-date= January 20, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> British Prime Minister ],<ref name="BBC_121144057"/> Spanish Prime Minister ],<ref name="Yucatan">{{Cite news|title=Expresa Rodríguez Zapatero a Obama su solidaridad tras atentado |language=es |work=yucatan.com.mx |publisher=Grupo Megamedia |date=January 9, 2011 |url=http://www.yucatan.com.mx/20110109/nota-11/59809-expresa-rodriguez-zapatero-a-obama-su-solidaridad-tras-atentado.htm |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120524164315/http://www.yucatan.com.mx/20110109/nota-11/59809-expresa-rodriguez-zapatero-a-obama-su-solidaridad-tras-atentado.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 24, 2012 |access-date=January 11, 2011 }}</ref> and Cuba's ].<ref>{{Cite news|agency=Associated Press|url=http://www.foxnews.com/world/2011/01/09/fidel-castro-condemns-attack-u-s-congresswoman/|title=Fidel Castro Condemns Attack on U .S. Congresswoman|publisher=Fox News Channel|date=January 9, 2011|access-date=January 9, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110124233849/http://www.foxnews.com/world/2011/01/09/fidel-castro-condemns-attack-u-s-congresswoman/| archive-date= January 24, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> The website GiffordsIsLying.com, run by Giffords's former opponent Jesse Kelly, was replaced with a single page urging support for Giffords and her family. |
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Senator ] called for a fresh look at ] laws in the United States, including the possibility of ], and prohibiting a person who has been rejected for military service due to drug use from owning a gun.<ref name="gun_control">{{cite news|first=Tom |last=Cohen |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/POLITICS/01/16/congress.gun.control/index.html|title=Democrats face tough fight on gun control after Tucson shootings|date=January 17, 2011|publisher=CNN|access-date=January 23, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110121222002/http://edition.cnn.com/2011/POLITICS/01/16/congress.gun.control/index.html| archive-date= January 21, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> ] chairman ] announced that he would introduce a bill to ban the carrying of firearms within {{convert|1000|ft|m}} of certain federal officials.<ref name="ABC-20110111-legislation">{{Cite news|last=Parkinson|first=John R.|url=http://blogs.abcnews.com/thenote/2011/01/top-republican-rep-pete-king-to-introduce-gun-control-legislation.html|title=Top Republican Rep. Pete King to Introduce Gun-Control Legislation|work=ABC News|date=January 11, 2011|access-date=January 12, 2011|archive-date=January 12, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110112232755/http://blogs.abcnews.com/thenote/2011/01/top-republican-rep-pete-king-to-introduce-gun-control-legislation.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Representative ] announced that she would introduce legislation to ban the sale of ]s to civilians.<ref name="CNN-20110112-capacity">{{Cite news|last=Chernoff|first=Allan|url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/POLITICS/01/10/clips.ban/|title=McCarthy to call for ban on high-capacity ammo clips|publisher=CNN|date=January 12, 2011|access-date=January 12, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121109040243/http://www.cnn.com/2011/POLITICS/01/10/clips.ban/| archive-date=November 9, 2012| url-status= live}}</ref> |
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===Media=== |
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Some media commentators, such as ] and ], criticized what they perceived as a rush to judgment about the shooter's motivation, disputing suggestions that the shooting was the result of the ] or anything in connection to Palin.<ref name="Kurtz2011-01-08"/><ref name="harnden">{{cite news|title=The unseemly rush to blame Sarah Palin, the Tea Party and Republicans for murder in Arizona|first=Toby |last=Harnden|author-link=Toby Harnden|url=http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/tobyharnden/100071004/the-unseemly-rush-to-blame-sarah-palin-the-tea-party-and-republicans-for-murder-in-arizona/|access-date=January 9, 2011|newspaper=]|date=January 9, 2011|location=London|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110112064353/http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/tobyharnden/100071004/the-unseemly-rush-to-blame-sarah-palin-the-tea-party-and-republicans-for-murder-in-arizona/|archive-date=January 12, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Byron |last=York |author-link=Byron York |url=http://washingtonexaminer.com/blogs/beltway-confidential/2011/01/journalists-urged-caution-after-ft-hood-now-race-blame-palin-afte |title=Journalists urged caution after Ft. Hood, now race to blame Palin after Arizona shootings |website=] |date=January 9, 2011 |access-date=January 9, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110128213422/http://washingtonexaminer.com/blogs/beltway-confidential/2011/01/journalists-urged-caution-after-ft-hood-now-race-blame-palin-afte |archive-date=January 28, 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Robert Stacy |last=McCain |author-link=Robert Stacy McCain |url=http://spectator.org/blog/2011/01/09/arizona-shootings-it-was-a-col |title=Arizona Shootings: 'It Was a Colossal Failure of Journalism' |website=] |access-date=January 9, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130827221717/http://spectator.org/blog/2011/01/09/arizona-shootings-it-was-a-col |archive-date=August 27, 2013 }}</ref> ] wrote an ] piece arguing that political rhetoric had become toxic.<ref name="Krugman2011-01-09"/> With renewed calls to tone down political rhetoric after the shooting,<ref name="Olbermann2011-01-08"/><ref name="Minora2011-01-08"/><ref name="Estes2011-01-11"/> ] said, "Violence, or the threat of violence, has no place in our Democracy, and I apologize for and repudiate any act or any thing in my past that may have even inadvertently encouraged violence."<ref name="Olbermann2011-01-08"/> ] stated that he did not know whether or not the political environment contributed to the shooting, but, "For all the hyperbole and vitriol that's become a part of our political process—when the reality of that rhetoric, when actions match the disturbing nature of words, we haven't lost our capacity to be horrified. ... Maybe it helps us to remember to match our rhetoric with reality more often."<ref name="Estes2011-01-11"/> |
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===Memorials=== |
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U.S. flags flown by the federal government were displayed at half-staff from January 9, 2011, until sunset on January 15, 2011, in honor of the victims of the Tucson shooting.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.htrnews.com/article/20110110/MAN0101/110110086/Flags-ordered-at-half-staff-through-Saturday-in-honor-of-Tucson-shooting-victims|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924031702/http://www.htrnews.com/article/20110110/MAN0101/110110086/Flags-ordered-at-half-staff-through-Saturday-in-honor-of-Tucson-shooting-victims|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 24, 2015|title=Flags ordered at half-staff through Saturday in honor of Tucson shooting victims|website=Herald Times Reporter|access-date=January 20, 2011 }}</ref> A national moment of silence was held at 11:00 a.m. ] on January 10, 2011, on the ] as well as the steps of the ].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://content.usatoday.com/communities/onpolitics/post/2011/01/congress-moment-of-silence-gabrielle-giffords-/1|title=Moment of silence observed on Capitol steps|work=]|date=January 10, 2011|access-date=January 13, 2011|first=Catalina|last=Camia|archive-date=October 5, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121005134958/http://content.usatoday.com/communities/onpolitics/post/2011/01/congress-moment-of-silence-gabrielle-giffords-/1|url-status=live}}</ref> President Obama went to Tucson on January 12, where he met with the families of the victims and visited Giffords at her bedside in the medical center before attending the evening's televised memorial ceremony where he delivered ].<ref name="Obama-NYT-2011-01-12"/> |
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When the Safeway store reopened after the shooting, the staff erected a makeshift memorial.<ref name=Safeway/> At the ] (the first to take place in Arizona), Giffords's intern, Daniel Hernandez Jr., was accompanied onto the field by the families of the shooting victims, and threw the ceremonial first pitch.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/world/la-xpm-2011-nov-10-la-na-daniel-hernandez-20111110-story.html|title=Former Giffords intern elected to Arizona school board|date=November 10, 2011|first=Ashley|last=Powers|newspaper=] |access-date=November 25, 2011}}</ref> For the ], Senator ] of Colorado proposed that members of both houses sit together regardless of party, with one seat left empty in honor of Giffords.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/blogs/itsallpolitics/2011/01/13/132888876/sen-udall-urges-bipartisan-seating-for-state-of-union|title=Bipartisan State of Union Seating Urged By Sen. Mark Udall|publisher=NPR|date=January 13, 2011|access-date=April 2, 2018|archive-date=March 31, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150331222035/http://www.npr.org/blogs/itsallpolitics/2011/01/13/132888876/sen-udall-urges-bipartisan-seating-for-state-of-union|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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Christina-Taylor Green, the youngest of the victims, had an interest in politics and said that she had wanted to attend college at ];<ref>Stephanie Innes, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170620193522/http://tucson.com/news/local/born-died-between-tragedies/article_28c8e686-1ca6-5b3e-ab85-965bd22c68c0.html |date=June 20, 2017 }}, ''Arizona Daily Star'' (January 9, 2011).</ref> she was born in Pennsylvania and had a connection to the state through her grandfather, ].<ref name="PennState"> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118122955/https://www.psu.edu/news/administration/story/board-trustees-meets-president-spaniers-remarks-1 |date=January 18, 2023 }}, Penn State University (March 18, 2011).</ref><ref name="Berger">Joseph Berger, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110119195603/http://www.nytimes.com//2011//01//10//us//10green.html |date=January 19, 2011 }}, ''New York Times'' (January 9, 2011).</ref> The university honored her with a brick on the Alumni Walk on campus, and with a certificate in her memory.<ref name="PennState"/> |
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===Others=== |
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On the night of January 11, 2011, Governor Brewer signed emergency legislation to prohibit protests within {{convert|300|ft|m}} of any funeral services, in response to an announcement by the ] that it planned to picket the funeral of shooting victim Christina-Taylor Green.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-funeral-protest-20110112,0,7494257.story|first=Seema|last=Mehta|title=Tucson rallies to protect girl's family from protesters|newspaper=]|date=January 11, 2011|access-date=February 21, 2020|archive-date=January 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118122948/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2011-jan-11-la-na-funeral-protest-20110112-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.politicsdaily.com/2011/01/11/bill-would-ban-westboro-picketers-at-christina-greens-tucson-fu|title=Bill Would Ban Westboro Picketers at Christina Green's Tucson Funeral|newspaper=Politics Daily|date=January 11, 2011|access-date=January 12, 2011|archive-date=January 13, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110113134703/http://www.politicsdaily.com/2011/01/11/bill-would-ban-westboro-picketers-at-christina-greens-tucson-fu/|url-status=live}}</ref> The members of the congregation agreed to appear on talk radio in exchange for dropping their plans to picket the funeral.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Anderson |first1=Phil |title=Phelps' Tucson pickets called off |url=https://www.cjonline.com/article/20110112/NEWS/301129785 |access-date=August 15, 2020 |work=The Topeka Capital-Journal |date=January 12, 2011 |archive-date=January 18, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118122948/https://www.cjonline.com/story/news/2011/01/12/band-aid/47348471007/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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On Sunday, January 16, 2011, eight days after the shooting, Vietnam War veteran James Eric Fuller, who had been shot in the knee during the attack, was arrested for disorderly conduct at a town hall meeting. After Tucson Tea Party figure Trent Humphries, who had faulted Giffords for not having enough security, stated that gun control measures should not be discussed until all those killed in the shooting were buried, Fuller allegedly took a picture of Humphries and shouted, "You're dead." In an interview during the week after the shooting, Fuller had criticized Palin and what he called the "Tea Party crime-syndicate" for promoting a divisive political climate before the attacks.<ref name="NYT_Dolnick"/> The police then committed him to an undisclosed medical facility to undergo a psychiatric evaluation. A police spokesman stated that the hospital will determine when he will be released.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Tucson Shooting Victim Detained at Taping of TV Special|work=]|date=January 16, 2011|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna41094534|access-date=January 19, 2011|archive-date=January 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118122951/https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna41094534|url-status=live}}</ref> Meanwhile, Humphries said he was worried about Fuller's threat, and the dozens of other angry e-mails he received from people blaming right-wing political rhetoric for contributing to the assassination attempt on Giffords.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Ariz. Shooting Victim Apologizes for Outburst|work=CBS News|date=January 17, 2011|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ariz-shooting-victim-apologizes-for-outburst/|access-date=January 19, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110119105609/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/01/17/national/main7254844.shtml|archive-date=January 19, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
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==References== |
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{{reflist |
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<ref name="azcentral2011-01-08-optimistic">{{cite news|title=Arizona Congresswoman Giffords shot; doctors 'optimistic' about recovery chances|date=January 8, 2011|newspaper=The Arizona Republic|access-date=January 12, 2011|url=https://www.azcentral.com/news/articles/2011/01/08/20110108arizona-giffords-brk.html|archive-date=February 15, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220215014341/https://help.azcentral.com/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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<ref name="azcentral2011-01-08-reaction">{{cite news|title=Arizona Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords shot: reaction|date=January 8, 2011|newspaper=The Arizona Republic|url=https://www.azcentral.com/news/articles/2011/01/08/20110108arizona-congresswoman-gabrielle-giffords-shot-reaction08-ON.html|access-date=January 13, 2011|archive-date=January 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118122951/https://help.azcentral.com/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Gonzalez2011-01-08-victims">{{cite news|last=Gonzalez|first=Daniel|title=Arizona Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords: The victims|date=January 8, 2011|newspaper=The Arizona Republic|url=https://www.azcentral.com/news/articles/2011/01/08/20110108arizona-congresswoman-gabrielle-giffords-shooting-victims-brk08-ON.html|access-date=January 13, 2011}}</ref> |
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<ref name="CNN2011-01-08">{{cite news|publisher=CNN|title=Police 'actively pursuing' second person in Tucson shooting|date=January 8, 2011|url=http://us.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/01/08/arizona.shooting/|access-date=January 8, 2011|archive-date=April 3, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403031133/http://articles.cnn.com/2011-01-08/justice/arizona.shooting_1_law-enforcement-source-federal-judge?_s=PM%3ACRIME|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Kanalley2011-01-08">{{cite news|last=Kanalley|first=Craig|title=Jared Lee Loughner Identified As Gabrielle Giffords Shooter|date=January 8, 2011|work=Huffington Post|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/01/08/jared-lee-loughner-gabrielle-giffords-shooter_n_806243.html|access-date=January 13, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110111195655/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/01/08/jared-lee-loughner-gabrielle-giffords-shooter_n_806243.html| archive-date= January 11, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
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<ref name="CNN-20110110-survive">{{cite news|last=Gupta|first=Sanjay|author-link=Sanjay Gupta|title=Gupta: What helped Giffords survive brain shot|date=January 10, 2011|publisher=CNN|url=http://pagingdrgupta.blogs.cnn.com/2011/01/10/gupta-how-giffords-survived-bullet-to-the-brain/|access-date=January 13, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110111061831/http://pagingdrgupta.blogs.cnn.com/2011/01/10/gupta-how-giffords-survived-bullet-to-the-brain/| archive-date= January 11, 2011 | url-status= dead}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Lipton2011-01-08">{{cite news|last1=Lipton|first1=Eric|last2=Savage|first2=Charlie|last3=Shane|first3=Scott|title=Arizona Suspect's Recent Acts Offer Hints of Alienation|date=January 8, 2011|newspaper=] |issn=0362-4331|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/09/us/politics/09shooter.html|access-date=January 10, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110110024152/http://www.nytimes.com//2011//01//09//us//politics//09shooter.html| archive-date= January 10, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Obama-NYT-2011-01-12">{{cite news|last=Obama|first=Barack|title=Obama's Remarks in Tucson|date=January 12, 2011|newspaper=]|issn=0362-4331|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/13/us/politics/13obama-text.html|access-date=January 13, 2011|archive-date=May 20, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120520233058/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/13/us/politics/13obama-text.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Swaine2011-01-08">{{cite news|last=Swaine|first=Jon|title=Gabrielle Giffords shooting: strange internet trail of 'loner' Jared Lee Loughner, the alleged Tucson gunman|date=January 8, 2011|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|location=London|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/us-politics/8248692/Gabrielle-Giffords-shooting-strange-internet-trail-of-loner-Jared-Lee-Loughner-the-alleged-Tucson-gunman.html|access-date=January 12, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110119195859/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/us-politics/8248692/Gabrielle-Giffords-shooting-strange-internet-trail-of-loner-Jared-Lee-Loughner-the-alleged-Tucson-gunman.html| archive-date= January 19, 2011 | url-status= dead}}</ref> |
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<ref name="LaceyHerszenhorn2011-01-09">{{cite news|last=Lacey|first=Marc|author2=David M. Herszenhorn|title=In Attack's Wake, Political Repercussions|date=January 9, 2011|newspaper=] |issn=0362-4331|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/09/us/politics/09giffords.html|access-date=January 12, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110110024111/http://www.nytimes.com//2011//01//09//us//politics//09giffords.html| archive-date=January 10, 2011| url-status= live}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Lacey2011-01-09">{{cite news|last=Lacey|first=Marc|title=Evidence Points to Methodical Planning|date=January 9, 2011|newspaper=] |issn=0362-4331|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/10/us/10giffords.html|access-date=January 11, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110904065453/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/10/us/10giffords.html| archive-date=September 4, 2011| url-status= live}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Grinberg2011-01-08">{{cite news|last=Grinberg|first=Emanuella|title=Witness: Arizona gunman 'was ready for war'|publisher=CNN|date=January 8, 2011|url=http://news.blogs.cnn.com/2011/01/08/several-people-shot-at-arizona-store-police-official-says/|access-date=January 12, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110112050818/http://news.blogs.cnn.com/2011/01/08/several-people-shot-at-arizona-store-police-official-says/| archive-date= January 12, 2011 | url-status= dead}}</ref> |
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<ref name="JohnsonKirk2011-01-09">{{cite news|last1=Johnson|first1=Kirk|first2=Serge F. |last2=Kovaleski |first3=Dan |last3=Frosch |first4=Eric |last4=Lipton |title=Jared L. Loughner's Odd Behavior Caused Alarm|date=January 9, 2011|newspaper=] |issn=0362-4331|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/10/us/10shooter.html|access-date=January 13, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20111229122302/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/10/us/10shooter.html| archive-date=December 29, 2011| url-status= live}}</ref> |
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<ref name="BOP-locator">{{cite web|title=Inmate Locator: Jared Lee Loughner|url=http://www.bop.gov/iloc2/InmateFinderServlet?Transaction=NameSearch&FirstName=Jared&LastName=Loughner|publisher=]|access-date=January 12, 2011|archive-date=September 16, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916082931/http://www.bop.gov/iloc2/InmateFinderServlet?Transaction=NameSearch&FirstName=Jared&LastName=Loughner|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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<ref name="NYT_Berger">{{cite news|last=Berger|first=Joseph|title=Born on Sept. 11, Claimed by a New Horror|date=January 9, 2011 |
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|newspaper=] |issn=0362-4331|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/10/us/10green.html|access-date=January 9, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110119195603/http://www.nytimes.com//2011//01//10//us//10green.html| archive-date=January 19, 2011| url-status= live}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Quinn-Gallagher-2011-01-09">{{cite news|last1=Quinn|first1=Ben|last2=Gallagher|first2=Paul|title=US congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords shot as six die in Arizona massacre|date=January 9, 2011|work=] |location=London |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/jan/08/gabrielle-giffords-shot-tucson-arizona|access-date=January 13, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110115014252/http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/jan/08/gabrielle-giffords-shot-tucson-arizona| archive-date= January 15, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Obama-WHgov-2011-01-08">{{cite web|last=Obama|first=Barack|title=The President's Statement on the Attack in Arizona|date=January 8, 2011|publisher=The White House|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2011/01/08/presidents-statement-attack-arizona|access-date=January 13, 2011|quote=This morning, in an unspeakable tragedy, a number of Americans were shot in Tucson, Arizona, at a constituent meeting with Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords. And while we are continuing to receive information, we know that some have passed away, and that Representative Giffords is gravely wounded.<br /> We do not yet have all the answers. What we do know is that such a senseless and terrible act of violence has no place in a free society. I ask all Americans to join me and Michelle in keeping Representative Giffords, the victims of this tragedy, and their families in our prayers.| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170202153420/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2011/01/08/presidents-statement-attack-arizona| archive-date= February 2, 2017 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
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<ref name="NYT_Cooper_20110112">{{cite news|last1=Cooper|first1=Helene|last2=Zeleny|first2=Jeff|title=Obama Calls for a New Era of Civility in U.S. Politics|date=January 12, 2011|newspaper=] |issn=0362-4331|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/13/us/13obama.html |
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|access-date=January 12, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110904044556/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/13/us/13obama.html| archive-date=September 4, 2011| url-status= live}}</ref> |
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<ref name="NYT_Dolnick">{{cite news|last=Dolnick|first=Sam|title=Flashbacks and Lingering Questions for Survivors|date=January 12, 2011|newspaper=] |issn=0362-4331|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/13/us/13survivors.html|access-date=January 13, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110113055459/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/13/us/13survivors.html| archive-date= January 13, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Krugman2011-01-09">{{cite news|first=Paul|last=Krugman|author-link=Paul Krugman|date=January 9, 2011|title=Climate of Hate|newspaper=] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/10/opinion/10krugman.html|access-date=January 13, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110113042058/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/10/opinion/10krugman.html| archive-date= January 13, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
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<ref name="I planned">{{cite news|agency=Associated Press|title=Suspect in Arizona massacre: 'I planned ahead'|date=January 10, 2011|newspaper=]|url=http://www.suntimes.com/3228379-417/giffords-born-chances-commands-described.html|access-date=January 14, 2011|archive-date=October 9, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009150812/http://www.suntimes.com/3228379-417/giffords-born-chances-commands-described.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Olbermann2011-01-08">{{cite news|last=Olbermann|first=Keith|author-link=Keith Olbermann|title=Keith Olbermann Issues Special Comment on Arizona Shooting: 'Violence Has No Place In Democracy'|date=January 8, 2011|work=Huffington Post|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/01/08/keith-olbermann-arizona-shooting_n_806311.html|access-date=January 15, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110117122057/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/01/08/keith-olbermann-arizona-shooting_n_806311.html| archive-date= January 17, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Minora2011-01-08">{{cite news|last=Minora |first=Leslie |title=Keith Olbermann Calls Out Conservatives for Inciting Tucson Shooting, Includes Allen West, Repents |date=January 9, 2011 |work=Broward/Palm Beach New Times |url=http://blogs.browardpalmbeach.com/juice/2011/01/tucson_shooting_gabrielle_giffords_olbermann.php |access-date=January 15, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110113134139/http://blogs.browardpalmbeach.com/juice/2011/01/tucson_shooting_gabrielle_giffords_olbermann.php |archive-date=January 13, 2011 }}</ref> |
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<ref name="Estes2011-01-11">{{cite web|last=Estes|first=Adam Clark|title=Jon Stewart on shooting: No idea how to process this|date=January 11, 2011|website=]|url=http://www.salon.com/news/feature/2011/01/11/jon_stewart_arizona_shooting/|access-date=January 15, 2011|archive-date=January 14, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110114091133/http://www.salon.com/news/feature/2011/01/11/jon_stewart_arizona_shooting|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Dolnick-Lacey2011-01-13">{{cite news|last1=Dolnick|first1=Sam|last2=Lacey|first2=Marc|title=Tucson Pauses in Grief for the Youngest Victim|date=January 13, 2011|newspaper=] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/14/us/14funeral.html|access-date=January 15, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110114045430/http://www.nytimes.com//2011//01//14//us//14funeral.html| archive-date= January 14, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Lacey-Williams2011-01-13">{{cite news|last1=Lacey|first1=Marc|last2=Williams|first2=Timothy|title=Doctors Call Giffords's Progress Remarkable|date=January 13, 2011|newspaper=]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/14/us/14giffords.html|access-date=January 16, 2011|archive-date=December 21, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111221194616/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/14/us/14giffords.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Kurtz2011-01-08">{{cite web|last=Kurtz|first=Howard|author-link=Howard Kurtz|title=Should We Blame Sarah Palin for Gabrielle Giffords' Shooting?|date=January 8, 2011|website=The Daily Beast|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/blogs-and-stories/2011-01-08/gabrielle-giffords-shooting-dont-blame-sarah-palin/|access-date=January 9, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110110211644/http://www.thedailybeast.com/blogs-and-stories/2011-01-08/gabrielle-giffords-shooting-dont-blame-sarah-palin/| archive-date= January 10, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
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}} |
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==External links== |
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* . U.S. District Court of Arizona. January 19, 2011. |
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* {{NYTtopic|subjects/a/arizona_shooting_2011|Arizona Shooting}} |
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* {{cite magazine|url=http://www.life.com/image/first/in-gallery/54341/rampage-in-arizona-january-2011|title=Rampage in Arizona, January 2011 (slideshow)|magazine=]|date=January 8, 2011|access-date=January 10, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110112031214/http://www.life.com/image/first/in-gallery/54341/rampage-in-arizona-january-2011|archive-date=January 12, 2011|url-status=dead}} |
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* . Gabrielle Giffords official website (archived). January 9, 2011. |
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{{Good article}} |
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{{Casas Adobes, Arizona}} |
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{{Mass shootings in the United States in the 2010s}} |
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{{Subject bar|portal1=Arizona|portal2=United States|portal3=Law|commons=y|commons-search=Category:2011 Tucson shooting|n=y|n-search=US congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords shot at Arizona supermarket|q=y|s=y|s-search=Remarks by the President at a Memorial Service for Victims of the Shootings in Tucson, Arizona}} |
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