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{{chembox {{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 397769305 | verifiedrevid = 442343812
| ImageFile = Ammonium aluminium sulfate dodecahydrate.svg
| ImageFile1 = | Name =
| ImageSize1 = 300px | ImageFile =
| ImageFile1 = Ammonium alum crystals.jpg
| IUPACName = Aluminium ammonium bis(sulfate) {{Citation needed|date=March 2010}}
| ImageSize1 = 300px
⚫ | OtherNames = Ammonium alum<br/>]
| IUPACName =
⚫ | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
⚫ | OtherNames = {{Unbulleted list|Ammonium alum sulfate|]}}
⚫ | SMILES = .S(=O)(=O).S()(=O)=O.
| SystematicName =
⚫ | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
⚫ | SMILES = .S(=O)(=O).S()(=O)=O.
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 7784-25-0 | CASNo = 7784-25-0
| CASNo1_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo1 = 7784-26-1
| CASNo1_Comment = (dodecahydrate) | CASNo1 = 7784-26-1
| CASNo1_Comment = (dodecahydrate)
| EINECS = 232-055-3 | EINECS = 232-055-3
| RTECS = WS5640010 | KEGG = D02842
| KEGG_Comment = (dodecahydrate)
⚫ | InChI = 1/Al.H3N.2H2O4S/c;;2*1-5(2,3)4/h;1H3;2*(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+3;;;/p-3
| RTECS = WS5640010
⚫ | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| PubChem = 3032540
| PubChem1 = 62668
| PubChem1_Comment = (dodecahydrate)
| EC_number_Comment = 616-522-2 (dodecahydrate)
⚫ | InChI = 1/Al.H3N.2H2O4S/c;;2*1-5(2,3)4/h;1H3;2*(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+3;;;/p-3
⚫ | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/Al.H3N.2H2O4S/c;;2*1-5(2,3)4/h;1H3;2*(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+3;;;/p-3 | StdInChI = 1S/Al.H3N.2H2O4S/c;;2*1-5(2,3)4/h;1H3;2*(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+3;;;/p-3
| InChIKey = LCQXXBOSCBRNNT-DFZHHIFOAY | InChIKey = LCQXXBOSCBRNNT-DFZHHIFOAY
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = LCQXXBOSCBRNNT-UHFFFAOYSA-K | StdInChIKey = LCQXXBOSCBRNNT-UHFFFAOYSA-K
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 2297489 | ChemSpiderID = 2297489
| ChemSpiderID1_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID1 = 56419
| ChemSpiderID1_Comment = (dodecahydrate) | ChemSpiderID1 = 56419
| ChemSpiderID1_Comment = (dodecahydrate)
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = DPU64XYB1D
| UNII1_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII1 = 5C36DRL9ZN
| UNII1_Comment = (dodecahydrate)
}} }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Reference = <ref name="RubberBible">{{RubberBible62nd|pages=B-74, B-75}}.</ref> | Properties_ref = <ref name="RubberBible">{{RubberBible62nd|pages=B-74, B-75}}.</ref>
| Formula = (NH<sub>4</sub>)Al(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> | Formula = (NH<sub>4</sub>)Al(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>
| MolarMass = 237.15 g/mol (anhydrous)<br/>453.33 g/mol (dodecahydrate) | MolarMass = 237.15&nbsp;g/mol (anhydrous)<br/>453.33&nbsp;g/mol (dodecahydrate)
| Appearance = white crystals | Appearance = white crystals
| Density = 2.45 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (anhydrous)<br/>1.64 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (dodecahydrate) | Density = 2.45&nbsp;g/cm<sup>3</sup> (anhydrous)<br/>1.64&nbsp;g/cm<sup>3</sup> (dodecahydrate)
| MeltingPt = 93.5 °C (dodecahydrate) | MeltingPtC = 93.5
| BoilingPt = 120 °C ''dehydr.'' (dodecahydrate) | MeltingPt_notes = (dodecahydrate)
| BoilingPtC = 120
⚫ | Solubility = 15 g/100 ml (20 °C, dodecahydrate)
| BoilingPt_notes = ''dehydr.'' (dodecahydrate)
⚫ | Solubility = 15&nbsp;g/100&nbsp;ml&nbsp;(20&nbsp;°C, dodecahydrate)
}} }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure | Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| Reference = <ref name="RubberBible"/> | Structure_ref = <ref name="RubberBible"/>
| CrystalStruct = Hexagonal (anhydrous)<br/>Cubic (dodecahydrate) | CrystalStruct = Hexagonal (anhydrous)<br/>Cubic (dodecahydrate)
| SpaceGroup = | SpaceGroup =
| Coordination = Octahedral (Al<sup>3+</sup>) | Coordination = Octahedral (Al<sup>3+</sup>)
| LattConst_a = | LattConst_a =
}} }}
| Section4 =
⚫ | Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| Section5 =
⚫ | Reference = <ref>{{GHS class NZ|id=15938|accessdate=2009-11-23}}.</ref>
| EUIndex = not listed | Section6 =
⚫ | Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
⚫ | GHSPictograms = {{GHS07|Skin Irrit. 2; Eye Irrit. 2}}
⚫ | Hazards_ref = <ref>{{GHS class NZ|id=15938|access-date=2009-11-23}}.</ref>
⚫ | GHSSignalWord = WARNING
⚫ | GHSPictograms = {{GHS07|Skin Irrit. 2; Eye Irrit. 2}}
⚫ | HPhrases = {{H-phrases|315|319}}
⚫ | GHSSignalWord = WARNING
⚫ | PPhrases = {{P-phrases|264|280|302+352|305+351+338|321|332+313|337+313|362}}
⚫ | HPhrases = {{H-phrases|315|319}}
⚫ | FlashPt = non-flammable
⚫ | PPhrases = {{P-phrases|264|280|302+352|305+351+338|321|332+313|337+313|362}}
⚫ | ExternalMSDS =
⚫ | FlashPt = Non-flammable
⚫ | ExternalSDS =
}} }}
}} }}
'''Ammonium aluminium sulfate''', also known as '''ammonium alum''' is a white crystalline ] usually encountered as the dodecahydrate, ] (NH<sub>4</sub>)Al(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·12H<sub>2</sub>O. It is used in small amounts in a variety of niche applications. The dodecahydrate occurs naturally as the rare mineral ].<ref name="RubberBible"/> '''Ammonium aluminium sulfate''', also known as '''ammonium alum''' or just '''alum''' (though there are many different substances also called "]"), is a white crystalline ] usually encountered as the dodecahydrate, ] (NH<sub>4</sub>)Al(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·12H<sub>2</sub>O. It is used in small amounts in a variety of niche applications. The dodecahydrate occurs naturally as the rare mineral ].<ref name="RubberBible"/>


==Production and basic properties== ==Production and basic properties==
Ammonium alum is made from ], ] and ]. It forms a ] with ]. ] leaves ]. Such alumina is used in the production of grinding powders and as precursors to ]s.<ref>Otto Helmboldt, L. Keith Hudson, Chanakya Misra, Karl Wefers, Wolfgang Heck, Hans Stark, Max Danner, Norbert Rösch "Aluminum Compounds, Inorganic" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2007, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.{{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a01_527.pub2}}</ref> Ammonium alum is made from ], ] and ]. It forms a ] with ]. ] leaves ]. Such alumina is used in the production of grinding powders and as precursors to ]s.<ref>Otto Helmboldt, L. Keith Hudson, Chanakya Misra, Karl Wefers, Wolfgang Heck, Hans Stark, Max Danner, Norbert Rösch "Aluminum Compounds, Inorganic" in ''Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry'' 2007, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.{{doi|10.1002/14356007.a01_527.pub2}}</ref>


==Uses== ==Uses==
Ammonium alum is not a major industrial chemical or a particularly useful laboratory reagent, but it is inexpensive and nontoxic, which invites many niche applications. It is used in water purification, in vegetable glues, in porcelain cements, in ]s and in tanning, dyeing and in fireproofing textiles.<ref>{{citation | url = http://www.questia.com/library/encyclopedia/alum.jsp | contribution = Alum | title = The Columbia Encyclopedia | year = 2004 | edition = 6th | publisher = Columbia University Press | location = Ithaca, NY | accessdate = 2009-11-23}}.</ref> The ] of the solution resulting from the topical application of ammonium alum with perspiration is typically in the slightly acid range, from 4 to 5.<ref>{{citation | url = http://hazard.com/msds/mf/baker/baker/files/a2760.htm | title = Aluminum Ammonium Sulfate Material Safety Data Sheet | publisher = J. T. Baker | date = March 2009 | accessdate = 2009-11-23}}.</ref> Ammonium alum is not a major industrial chemical or a particularly useful laboratory reagent, but it is cheap and effective, which invites many niche applications. It is used in water purification, in vegetable glues, in porcelain cements, in ]s and in tanning, dyeing and in fireproofing textiles.<ref>{{citation | url = https://www.questia.com/library/encyclopedia/alum.jsp | contribution = Alum | title = The Columbia Encyclopedia | year = 2004 | edition = 6th | publisher = Columbia University Press | location = Ithaca, NY | access-date = 2009-11-23 | archive-date = 2009-10-17 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091017095045/http://www.questia.com/library/encyclopedia/alum.jsp | url-status = dead }}.</ref> The ] of the solution resulting from the topical application of ammonium alum with perspiration is typically in the slightly acid range, from 3 to 5.<ref>{{citation | url = http://hazard.com/msds/mf/baker/baker/files/a2760.htm | title = Aluminum Ammonium Sulfate Material Safety Data Sheet | publisher = J. T. Baker | date = March 2009 | access-date = 2009-11-23}}.</ref>


Ammonium alum is a common ingredient in animal repellant sprays.<ref>{{citation | url = http://www.bruceharris.com.au/BHPMweb/dter_faq.htm | title = D-TER Animal and Bird Repellent | publisher = Bruce Harris Project Management Pty Ltd | date = 2004-09-04 | accessdate = 2010-03-03}}.</ref><ref>{{citation | url = http://www.multicrop.com.au/MSDS/Scat_MSDS.doc | title = Scat Material Safety Data Sheet | publisher = Multicrop (Aust.) Pty. Ltd. | date = 2003-03-04 | accessdate = 2010-03-03}}.</ref><ref>{{citation | url = http://www.tandridge.gov.uk/environment/pestcontrol/foxes.htm | title = Pest Control: Foxes | publisher = Tandridge District Council (UK) | date = 2006-02 | accessdate = 2010-03-03}}.</ref> Ammonium alum is a common ingredient in animal repellent sprays.<ref>{{citation | url = http://www.bruceharris.com.au/BHPMweb/dter_faq.htm | title = D-TER Animal and Bird Repellent | publisher = Bruce Harris Project Management Pty Ltd | date = 2004-09-04 | access-date = 2010-03-03 | archive-date = 2009-10-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091015031644/http://bruceharris.com.au/BHPMweb/dter_faq.htm | url-status = dead }}.</ref><ref>{{citation | url = http://www.multicrop.com.au/pdfs/MULTICROP-SCAT-BIRD-AND-ANIMAL-REPELLENT-Ref-%281226%29.pdf | title = Multicrop Scat Bird and Animal Repellent Data Sheet | publisher = Multicrop (Aust.) Pty. Ltd. | date = 2003-03-04 | access-date = 2010-03-03}}.</ref><ref>{{citation | url = http://www.tandridge.gov.uk/environment/pestcontrol/foxes.htm | title = Pest Control: Foxes | publisher = Tandridge District Council (UK) | date = February 2006 | access-date = 2010-03-03}}.</ref>

== Toxicology ==
Aluminium sulfate, closely related to ammonium alum, is nontoxic with an {{LD50}} of 6207&nbsp;mg/kg. No human or ecological (for reduced concentrations) toxicity registered.<ref>{{citation | title = PAN Pesticide Database | url = http://www.pesticideinfo.org/Detail_Chemical.jsp?Rec_Id=PC33857 | contribution = Ammonium alum | publisher = Pesticides Action Network | accessdate = 2009-11-23}}.</ref>


==References== ==References==
{{reflist}} {{reflist}}

{{Aluminium compounds}}
{{Ammonium salts}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Ammonium Aluminium Sulfate}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ammonium Aluminium Sulfate}}
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