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Revision as of 21:29, 18 September 2011 editCheMoBot (talk | contribs)Bots141,565 edits Updating {{chembox}} (no changed fields - added verified revid - updated 'ChemSpiderID_Ref', 'DrugBank_Ref', 'UNII_Ref', 'ChEMBL_Ref', 'ChEBI_Ref', 'KEGG_Ref', 'StdInChI_Ref', 'StdInChIKey_Ref', 'ChEBI_Ref') per [[WP:CHEMVALID|Chem/Drugbox validation← Previous edit Latest revision as of 02:47, 22 November 2024 edit undoGraeme Bartlett (talk | contribs)Administrators249,690 edits more ids 
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{{chembox {{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
⚫ | verifiedrevid = 443628283
| Watchedfields = changed
| ImageFile =
⚫ | verifiedrevid = 451214649
| ImageSize = 200 px
| ImageFile = Bismuth subcarbonate.jpg
| IUPACName =
| OtherNames = bismuth oxycarbonate, bismuthyl carbonate,<br /> bismutite | IUPACName =
| OtherNames = bismuth oxycarbonate, ] carbonate,<br /> bismutite
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CASNo = 5892-10-4 | CASNo = 5892-10-4
⚫ | PubChem =
| SMILES = | ChEBI = 31291
| ChemSpiderID = 17615654
| RTECS =
| EC_number = 227-567-9
| DrugBank = DB11281
| Gmelin = 1473121
| KEGG = D01757
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|changed|FDA}}
| UNII = M41L2IN55T
⚫ | PubChem = 16683095
| StdInChI=1S/CH2O3.2Bi.2O/c2-1(3)4;;;;/h(H2,2,3,4);;;;/q;2*+1;;/p-2
| StdInChIKey = MGLUJXPJRXTKJM-UHFFFAOYSA-L
| SMILES = =O.=O.O=C()
}} }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>(CO<sub>3</sub>) | Formula = (BiO)<sub>2</sub>(CO<sub>3</sub>)
| MolarMass = 509.97 g/mol | MolarMass = 509.9685 g/mol
| Appearance = fine white to pale yellow-white powder | Appearance = fine white to pale yellow-white powder
| Density = 6.86 g/cm<sup>3</sup> | Density = 6.86 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| MeltingPt = | MeltingPt =
| BoilingPt = decomposes | BoilingPt = decomposes
| Solubility = insoluble | Solubility = insoluble
}} }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards | Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards = | MainHazards =
| FlashPt = | FlashPt =
| Autoignition = | AutoignitionPt =
| NFPA-H = 1 | NFPA-H = 1
| NFPA-F = 0 | NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 0 | NFPA-R = 0
}} }}
}} }}
'''Bismuth subcarbonate''' Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>(CO<sub>3</sub>), sometimes written (BiO)<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> is a chemical compound of ] containing both ] and ] anions. Bismuth is in the +3 ]. Bismuth subcarbonate occurs naturally as the mineral ]. Its structure<ref>{{cite journal '''Bismuth subcarbonate''' (BiO)<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>, sometimes written Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>(CO<sub>3</sub>) is a chemical compound of ] containing both ] and ] anions. Bismuth is in the +3 ]. Bismuth subcarbonate occurs naturally as the mineral ]. Its structure<ref>{{cite journal
| title = A Solution to the crystal structures of bismutite and beyerite | title = A Solution to the crystal structures of bismutite and beyerite
| author = Joel D. Grice | author = Joel D. Grice
Line 38: Line 49:
| pages = 693–698 | pages = 693–698
| doi = 10.2113/gscanmin.40.2.693 | doi = 10.2113/gscanmin.40.2.693
| bibcode = 2002CaMin..40..693G
⚫ }}</ref> consists of Bi-O layers and CO<sub>3</sub> layers and is related to ], CaBi(CO<sub>3</sub>)OF. It is light sensitive.
| citeseerx = 10.1.1.738.7037
⚫ }}</ref> consists of Bi–O layers and CO<sub>3</sub> layers and is related to ], CaBi(CO<sub>3</sub>)OF. It is light-sensitive.

==Uses== ==Uses==
It is highly ] and for example is used as a filler in radiopaque ]s which can be seen by x-ray.<ref></ref> In modern medicine, bismuth subcarbonate has been made into ] arrays that exhibit antibacterial properties.<ref> It is highly ] and for example is used as a ] in radiopaque ]s which can be seen by x-ray.<ref></ref> In modern medicine, bismuth subcarbonate has been made into ] arrays that exhibit antibacterial properties.<ref>
{{cite journal {{cite journal
| title = Fabrication of bismuth subcarbonate nanotube arrays from bismuth citrate |title=Fabrication of bismuth subcarbonate nanotube arrays from bismuth citrate
| author = Rong Chen, Man Ho So, Jun Yang, Feng Deng, Chi-Ming Che and Hongzhe Sun |vauthors=Chen R, So MH, Yang J, Deng F, Che CM, Sun H
| journal =Chem. Commun. |journal=Chem. Commun.
| year = 2006 |year=2006
| pages = 2265–2267 |pages=2265–2267
| doi = 10.1039/b601764a |doi=10.1039/b601764a
| pmid = 16718324 |pmid=16718324
| issue = 21 |issue=21
}}</ref> It is also used in fireworks&nbsp;<ref></ref> to make ]. It is a constituent of '''milk of bismuth''' which was a popular digestive tract ] in the 1930s<ref></ref> }}</ref> It is also used in fireworks<ref> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070609180654/http://www.skylighter.com/fireworks/how_to_make/bismuth_subcarbonate_dragon_eggs.asp |date=June 9, 2007}}</ref> to make ]s. It is a constituent of '''milk of bismuth''' which was a popular digestive tract ] in the 1930s.<ref></ref>


==Safety== ==Safety==
Bismuth subcarbonate may be harmful if swallowed. It may irritate the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. Bismuth subcarbonate may be harmful if swallowed. It may irritate the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract.

== Synthesis ==
Bismuth subcarbonate can be attained from the reaction between bismuth nanoparticles and the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) dissolved in water.<ref name=NanoAllo>
{{cite journal
| title = Transformation of Bismuth and β-Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles into (BiO)<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> and (BiO)<sub>4</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> by Capturing CO<sub>2</sub>: The Role of Halloysite Nanotubes and "Sunlight" on the Crystal Shape and Size
| vauthors= Ortiz Quiñonez JL, Vega Verduga C, Díaz D, Zumeta Dubé I
| journal =Cryst. Growth Des.
| volume= 18
| year = 2018
| pages = 4334–4346
| doi = 10.1021/acs.cgd.8b00177
| pmid =
| issue = 8
| s2cid= 103659223
}}</ref> Bismuth subcarbonate has the tendency to form nanoplates, but it can be also obtained as small round nanospheres (with controlled size) when it is grown in the presence of halloysite nanotubes.<ref name=NanoAllo /> The high pH and high temperature of the aqueous solution helps to reduce the time of synthesis. It is readily formed on the surface of undoped ] (β-Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and γ-Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) nanoparticles even when they are not suspended in water.<ref>
{{cite journal
| title = Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticles Partially Substituted with Eu<sup>III</sup>, Mn<sup>IV</sup>, and Si<sup>IV</sup>: Structural, Spectroscopic, and Optical Findings
| vauthors= Ortiz Quiñonez JL, Zumeta Dubé I, Díaz D, Nava Etzana N, Cruz Zaragoza E
| journal =Inorg. Chem.
| volume= 56
| year = 2017
| pages = 3394–3403
| doi = 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02923
| pmid = 28252972
| issue = 6
| s2cid= 3346966
}}</ref>

== Structure ==
Bismuth subcarbonate has a structure with a tetragonal unit cell. Layers of (BiO)<sub>{{mvar|n}}</sub> positively charged, and carbonate anion (CO{{su|b=3|p=2&minus;}}) are surrounding both sides of the (BiO){{su|b={{mvar|n}}|p=+}} layer to compensate the charge. Usually, the (BiO)<sub>{{mvar|n}}</sub> layer grows perpendicular to the {{mvar|b}} axis.<ref name=NanoAllo />

==References== ==References==
<references/> <references/>


==External links== ==External links==
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{{Bismuth compounds}} {{Bismuth compounds}}
{{Carbonates}}

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