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{{chembox |
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{{chembox |
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| Watchedfields = changed |
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| verifiedrevid = 346860736 |
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| verifiedrevid = 431411483 |
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| Name = Boron sulfide |
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| ImageFile =B2S3structure.jpg |
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| Name = Boron sulfide |
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| ImageFile =B2S3structure.jpg |
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| ImageName = |
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| ImageName = |
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| IUPACName = Boron sulfide |
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| IUPACName = Boron sulfide |
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| OtherNames = Boron trisulfide |
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| OtherNames = Boron sesquisulfide, Diboron trisulfide |
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} |
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| CASNo = 12007-33-9 |
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| RTECS = |
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| CASNo = 12007-33-9 |
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| ChemSpiderID = 23349327 |
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| PubChem = 123269 |
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| StdInChI=1S/B2S3/c3-1-5-2-4 |
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| StdInChIKey = ZVTQDOIPKNCMAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| EC_number = 234-504-9 |
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| SMILES = S=BSB=S |
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}} |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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|Section2={{Chembox Properties |
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| Formula = B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> |
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| Formula = B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> |
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| MolarMass = 117.80 g/mol |
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| MolarMass = 117.80 g/mol |
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| Appearance = colorless crystals |
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| Appearance = colorless crystals |
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| Density = 1.55 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, solid |
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| Density = 1.55 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, solid |
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| Solubility = decomposes |
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| Solubility = decomposes |
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| SolubleOther = soluble in ] |
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| MeltingPt = 563 °C |
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| BoilingPt = decomposes at high T |
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| MeltingPtC = 563 |
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| BoilingPt = decomposes at high T |
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| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure |
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|Section3={{Chembox Structure |
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| Coordination = B: planar, sp<sup>2</sup> |
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| Coordination = B: planar, sp<sup>2</sup> |
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| CrystalStruct = ], ], SpaceGroup = P2<sub>1</sub>/c, No. 14 |
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| CrystalStruct = ], ], SpaceGroup = P2<sub>1</sub>/c, No. 14 |
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| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards |
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|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry |
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| DeltaHf = -240.6 kJ/mol |
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| ExternalMSDS = |
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| Entropy = 327 J/mol K |
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| MainHazards = source of H<sub>2</sub>S |
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| HeatCapacity = 111.7 J/mol K |
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| FlashPt = |
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| RPhrases = |
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| SPhrases = |
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| Section8 = {{Chembox Related |
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|Section7={{Chembox Hazards |
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| OtherCpds = BCl<sub>3</sub><br />] |
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| MainHazards = source of H<sub>2</sub>S |
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| GHSPictograms = {{GHS02}}{{GHS06}}{{GHS07}} |
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| GHSSignalWord = Danger |
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| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|225|260|311|301|318|315|335}} |
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| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|210|280|303+361+353|231+232|223|402+404|302+352|312|305+351+338|405}} |
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| ExternalSDS = |
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| NFPA-H = 2 |
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| NFPA-F = 3 |
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| NFPA-R = 3 |
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| NFPA-S = |
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| NFPA_ref = <ref>{{Citation |last=|first=|year=2010|title=Material Safety Data Sheet|publisher=VWR|publication-place=|page=|url=https://us.vwr.com/assetsvc/asset/en_US/id/8148576/contents|access-date=November 11, 2023}}</ref> |
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| FlashPt = 18°C (64.4°F) |
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|Section8={{Chembox Related |
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| OtherCompounds = BCl<sub>3</sub><br />] |
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'''Boron sulfide''' is the ] with the ] B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>. This polymeric material that has been of interest as a component of “high-tech” glasses and as a reagent for preparing organosulfur compounds. Like the sulfides of silicon and phosphorus, B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> reacts with water, including atmospheric moisture to release ]. Thus, samples must be handled under anhydrous conditions. |
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'''Boron sulfide''' is the ] with the ] B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>. It is a white, ] solid. It has a polymeric structure. The material has been of interest as a component of "high-tech" glasses and as a reagent for preparing organosulfur compounds. It is the parent member of the ]s. |
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==Reactions== |
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Like the boron oxides, B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> readily forms ]es when blended with other sulfides such as ]. Such glasses absorb lower frequencies of ] energy relative to conventional ] glasses. |
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Like the sulfides of silicon and phosphorus, B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> reacts with traces of water, including atmospheric moisture to release ]. This hydrolysis is described by the following idealized equation: |
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:{{chem2|B2S3 + 3 H2O -> B2O3 + 3 H2S}} |
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B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> readily forms ]es when blended with other sulfides such as ]. Such glasses do not absorb mid-frequencies of ] energy relative to conventional ] glasses. Some of these ternary phases that are fast ion conductors.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1103/physrevlett.76.70 |title=Non-Arrhenius Conductivity in Glass: Mobility and Conductivity Saturation Effects |year=1996 |last1=Kincs |first1=Joseph |last2=Martin |first2=Steve W. |journal=Physical Review Letters |volume=76 |issue=1 |pages=70–73 |pmid=10060436 |bibcode=1996PhRvL..76...70K |url=https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/mse_pubs/67 }}</ref> |
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B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> converts ]s into the corresponding ]s. For example, the conversion of ] to its thione proceeds as follows: |
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B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> converts ]s into the corresponding ]s. For example, the conversion of ] to its ] proceeds as follows: |
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:{{chem2|B2S3 + 3 (C6H5)2C\dO -> B2O3 + 3 (C6H5)2C\dS}} |
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In practice, B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> would be used in excess.<ref>{{ cite encyclopedia | author = Sato, R. | chapter = Boron Trisulfide | encyclopedia = Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis | editor = L. Paquette | year = 2004 | publisher = J. Wiley & Sons | location = New York | doi = 10.1002/047084289X.rb255 | isbn = 0471936235 }}</ref> |
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:{{chem|B|2|S|3}} + 3 {{chem|(C|6|H|5|)|2|C=O}} → {{chem|B|2|O|3}} + 3 {{chem|(C|6|H|5|)|2|C=S}} |
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In practice, B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> would be used in excess.<ref>{{cite book| author =Sato, R. | chapter=Boron trisulfide| title=Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis | editor=L. Paquette| year = 2004| publisher =J. Wiley & Sons| location =New York. |doi= 10.1002/047084289}}</ref> |
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==Synthesis== |
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==Synthesis== |
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An early synthesis involved the reaction of iron and manganese ]s with ] at temperatures of 300 °C. The conversion is shown for the monoborides in the following idealized equation:<ref>{{ cite journal | author = Hoffmann, J. | title = Synthese von Borsulfid aus Ferro- und Manganbor | journal = Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie | year = 1908 | volume = 59 | issue = 1 | pages = 127–135 | doi = 10.1002/zaac.19080590116 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1428114 }}</ref> |
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:{{chem2|2 FeB + 4 H2S → B2S3 + FeS + 4 H2}} |
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The first synthesis was done by ] in 1824 by direct reaction of amorphous ] with ] vapor.<ref>{{ cite journal | author = Berzelius, J. | authorlink = Berzelius | year = 1824 | title = Undersökning af flusspatssyran och dess märkvärdigaste föreningar |trans-title=Investigation of hydrofluoric acid and of its most noteworthy compounds | journal = Kongliga Vetenskaps-Academiens Handlingar | volume = 12 | pages = 46–98 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=pJlPAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA46 }}<br> Reprinted in German as:<br>{{ cite journal | author = Berzelius, J. J. | authorlink = Berzelius | title = Untersuchungen über die Flußspathsäure und deren merkwürdigsten Verbindungen | journal = ] | year = 1824 | volume = 78 | issue = 10 | pages = 113–150 | url = http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k150878/f123.image.r=Annalen%20der%20Physic.langEN | doi=10.1002/andp.18240781002| bibcode = 1824AnP....78..113B }} see especially pages 145–147.</ref> |
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Besides other methods the boron sulfide can be obtained by the reaction of iron or manganese ] with ] at temperatures of 300°C.<ref>{{cite journal |
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:2 B + 3 S → B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> |
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| author = J. Hoffmann |
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| title = Synthese von Borsulfid aus Ferro- und Manganbor |
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| journal = Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie |
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| volume = 59 |
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| issue = 1 |
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| pages = 127–135 |
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| year = 1908 |
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| doi = 10.1002/zaac.19080590116 }}</ref> |
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:2 FeB + 4 H<sub>2</sub>S → B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> + FeS + 4 H<sub>2</sub> |
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Another synthesis was favoured by ] and ] first published in 1858, starting from boron and ].<ref>{{ cite journal | authorlink1 = Friedrich Wöhler | author1 = Wöhler, F. | authorlink2 = Henri Etienne Sainte-Claire Deville | author2 = Deville, H. E. S.-C. | title = Neue Beobachtungen über das Bor und einige seiner Verbindungen |trans-title=New observations concerning boron and some of its compounds | journal = ] | year = 1858 | volume = 105 | issue = 1 | pages = 67–73 | doi = 10.1002/jlac.18581050109 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=muE2AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA67 }}</ref><ref>{{ cite journal |
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The first synthesis was done by ] in 1824 by direct reaction of amorphous ] with ] vapor.<ref>Berzelius, J. (1824) (Part 2) (Investigation of hydrofluoric acid and of its most noteworthy compounds), ''Kongliga Vetenskaps-Academiens Handlingar'' (Proceedings of the Royal Science Academy), vol. 12, pp. 46-98. Reprinted in German as: Berzelius, J. J. (1824) , Poggendorff's ''Annalen der Physik und Chemie'', vol. 78, pages 113-150; see especially pages 145-147.</ref> |
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| authorlink1 = Friedrich Wöhler | author1 = Wöhler, F. | authorlink2 = Henri Etienne Sainte-Claire Deville | author2 = Deville, H. E. S.-C. | title = Du Bore | journal = ] | year = 1858 | volume = 52 | pages = 62–93 | url = http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k347939/f62.table }}</ref> |
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:2 B + 3 S → B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> |
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Another synthesis was favoured by ] and ] first published in 1858, starting from boron and ].<ref>{{cite journal |
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| author = ] and ] |
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| title = Neue Beobachtungen über das Bor und einige seiner Verbindungen (New observations concerning boron and some of its compounds) |
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| journal = ] |
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| volume = 105 |
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| issue = 1 |
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| pages = 67–73 |
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| year = 1858 |
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| doi = 10.1002/jlac.18581050109 |
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| url = http://books.google.com/books?id=muE2AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA67#v=onepage&q&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |
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| author = ] and ] |
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| title = Du Bore |
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| journal = ] |
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| volume = 52 |
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| issue = |
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| pages = 62–93 |
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| year = 1858 |
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| url = http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k347939/f62.table}}</ref> |
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:2 B + 3 H<sub>2</sub>S → B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> + 3 H<sub>2</sub> |
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:2 B + 3 H<sub>2</sub>S → B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> + 3 H<sub>2</sub> |
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==Structure== |
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The boron atoms in B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> are trigonal planar, and are arranged in B<sub>3</sub>S<sub>3</sub> and B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub> rings with bridging S atoms forming a layer structure with an interlayer distance of 355 pm. This is different from ] which has a three dimensional structure.<ref name = "G&E">{{Greenwood&Earnshaw}}</ref> The molecular, monomeric, form of B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> has a planar V shape with the central B-S-B angle of approximately 120°.<ref name = "G&E"/> |
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==References== |
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==References== |
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{{Boron compounds}} |
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{{Boron compounds}} |
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{{Sulfides}} |
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