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{{Short description|Chemical compound}}
{{chembox
{{Chembox
|Watchedfields = changed | Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 443493721 | verifiedrevid = 443494816
|Name = Caesium hydroxide
| Name =
⚫ |Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| OtherNames = Cesium hydrate
⚫ |InChI = 1/Cs.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1
| ImageFile = Cesium hydroxide monohydrate.jpg
⚫ | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
⚫ | InChI = 1/Cs.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 33988 | ChEBI = 33988
| SMILES = . | SMILES = .
|InChIKey = HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-REWHXWOFAG | InChIKey = HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-REWHXWOFAG
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
|StdInChI = 1S/Cs.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1 | StdInChI = 1S/Cs.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
|StdInChIKey = HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M | StdInChIKey = HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M
|CASNo = 21351-79-1 | CASNo = 21351-79-1
|CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|EC-number = 244-344-1 | EC_number = 244-344-1
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
|ChemSpiderID = 56494 | ChemSpiderID = 56494
|RTECS = FK9800000 | RTECS = FK9800000
|UNNumber = 2682 | UNNumber = 2682
| PubChem = 62750
⚫ }}
| UNII = 458ZFZ6235
⚫ | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
⚫ }}
⚫ | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = CsOH | Formula = CsOH
| MolarMass = 149.912 g/mol | MolarMass = 149.912 g/mol
| Appearance = Whitish-yellow ] crystals | Appearance = Whitish-yellow ] crystals
| Density = 3.675 g/cm<sup>3</sup> | Density = 3.675 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| MeltingPt = 342.3 °C | MeltingPtC = 272
⚫ | MeltingPt_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics1592.htm|title=ICSC 1592 - Cesium Hydroxide}}</ref>
| Solubility = 300 g/100 mL at 30 °C | Solubility = 300 g/100 mL at 30 °C
| SolubleOther = Soluble in ]<ref name="hand"> | SolubleOther = Soluble in ]<ref name="hand">
{{Citation {{Citation
|last = Lide | last = Lide
|first = David R. | first = David R.
|year = 1998 | year = 1998
|title = Handbook of Chemistry and Physics | title = Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
|edition = 87 | edition = 87
|publication-place = Boca Raton, FL | publication-place = Boca Raton, Florida
|publisher = CRC Press | publisher = CRC Press
⚫ | isbn = 0-8493-0594-2
|id =
⚫ | pages = 4–51
⚫ |isbn = 0-8493-0594-2
⚫ |pages = 4–51
}}</ref> }}</ref>
| pKa = 15.76 <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.periodensystem-online.de/index.php?show=list&id=acid&prop=pKb-Werte&sel=oz&el=92|title=Sortierte Liste: pKb-Werte, nach Ordnungszahl sortiert. – Das Periodensystem online}}</ref>
| pKb = 1.76
}} }}
|Section3 = {{Chembox Structure | Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
|Coordination = | Coordination =
|CrystalStruct = | CrystalStruct =
}} }}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry | Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = &minus;416.2 ] | DeltaHf = &minus;416.2 ]
| Entropy = 104.2 J·K<sup>&minus;1</sup>·mol<sup>&minus;1</sup> | Entropy = 104.2 J·K<sup>&minus;1</sup>·mol<sup>&minus;1</sup>
| HeatCapacity = 69.9 J·mol<sup>-1</sup>·K<sup>-1</sup><ref name="hand2"> | HeatCapacity = 69.9 J·mol<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup><ref name="hand2">
{{Citation {{Citation
|last = Lide | last = Lide
|first = David R. | first = David R.
|year = 1998 | year = 1998
|title = Handbook of Chemistry and Physics | title = Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
|edition = 87 | edition = 87
|publication-place = Boca Raton, FL | publication-place = Boca Raton, Florida
|publisher = CRC Press | publisher = CRC Press
⚫ | isbn = 0-8493-0594-2
|id =
⚫ | pages = 5–14
⚫ |isbn = 0-8493-0594-2
⚫ |pages = 5–14
}}</ref> }}</ref>
}} }}
|Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards | Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| NFPA-H = 3
⚫ |ExternalMSDS =
| NFPA-F = 0
|EUIndex = Not listed
| NFPA-R = 1
⚫ |FlashPt = Non flammable
| NFPA-S = ALK
⚫ }}
| ExternalSDS =
⚫ |Section8 = {{Chembox Related
⚫ | FlashPt = Not flammable
⚫ |OtherAnions = ]<br/>]
| LD50 = 570 mg/kg (oral, rat)<ref>Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases., 21(1)(29), 1977</ref>
⚫ |OtherCations = ]<br/>]<br/>]<br/>]
| PEL = none<ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0111}}</ref>
⚫ }}
| REL = TWA 2 mg/m<sup>3</sup><ref name=PGCH/>
| IDLH = N.D.<ref name=PGCH/>
| GHSSignalWord = Danger
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}}{{GHS08}}
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|302|314|361|373}}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|201|202|260|264|270|280|281|301+312|301+330+331|303+361+353|304+340|305+351+338|308+313|310|314|321|330|363|405|501}}
⚫ }}
⚫ | Section8 = {{Chembox Related
⚫ | OtherAnions = ]<br/>]
⚫ | OtherCations = ]<br/>]<br/>]<br/>]
⚫ }}
}} }}


'''Caesium hydroxide''' is a ] (pK<sub>a</sub>= 15.76) containing the highly reactive ] ], much like the other ] such as ] and ]. It is the strongest of the five alkali metal hydroxides.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Considine |first1=Douglas M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t4jjBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA605 |title=Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia |last2=Considine |first2=Glenn D. |date=2013-12-11 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-1-4757-6918-0 |language=en}}</ref> Fused caesium hydroxide has applications in bringing glass samples into a solution for analytical purposes in the commercial glass industry and a ] as it is able to dissolve glass by attacking its silica framework. The melting process is carried out in a ] or ] crucible.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last1=Coleman |first1=C.J |last2=Spencer |first2=W.A. |date=April 1998 |title=CsOH is a very strong base that attacks the silica framework of glass under fusion conditions. Cesium Hydroxide Fusion Dissolution of Analytical Reference Glass-1 in Both Powder and Shard Form |url=https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc706521/m2/1/high_res_d/651640.pdf |publisher=Westinghouse Savannah River Company |quote=CsOH is a very strong base that attacks the silica framework of glass under fusion conditions.}}</ref> Caesium hydroxide fusion at 750°C produces complete dissolution of glass pellets.<ref name=":0" />
'''Caesium hydroxide''' (CsOH) is a ] consisting of an atom of ] and a ] group (also known as ]). It is a powerful ], much like other ] such as ] and ]. In fact, caesium hydroxide is powerful enough to quickly corrode through glass.


Due to its high reactivity, caesium hydroxide is extremely ]. Laboratory caesium hydroxide is typically a ]. Due to its high reactivity, caesium hydroxide is extremely ]. Laboratory caesium hydroxide is typically a ].


It is an anisotropic etchant of ], exposing ] planes. This technique can form pyramids and regularly shaped etch pits for uses such as ]. It is known to have a higher selectivity to etch highly p-doped silicon than the more commonly used ]. It is an anisotropic etchant of ], exposing ] planes. This technique can form pyramids and regularly shaped etch pits for uses such as ]. It is known to have a higher selectivity to etch highly p-doped silicon than the more commonly used ].


However, this compound is not usually used in experiments as the extraction of caesium is very expensive and the fact that it behaves very much like ] and ] although it is more reactive than they are. This compound is not commonly used in experiments due to the high extraction cost of caesium and its reactive behaviour. It acts in similar fashion to the compounds ] and ], although more reactive.

Caesium hydroxide can be obtained by the following chemical reaction:

:2 Cs + 2 H<sub>2</sub>O → 2 CsOH + H<sub>2</sub>

The above reaction occurs explosively with enough force to shatter a ] beaker. Caesium metal will react with ice above −116 °C.


==References== ==References==
{{reflist}} {{Reflist}}


==External links== ==External links==
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{{Caesium compounds}} {{Caesium compounds}}
{{Hydroxides}} {{Hydroxides}}
{{Authority control}}


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