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{{Chembox {{Chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 396306459 | verifiedrevid = 443164898
| Reference = <ref name="CRC">{{RubberBible87th|pages=451, 514}}.</ref><ref name="G&E">{{Greenwood&Earnshaw1st|pages=97–100}}.</ref> | Reference = <ref name="CRC">{{RubberBible87th|pages=451, 514}}.</ref><ref name="G&E">{{Greenwood&Earnshaw1st|pages=97–100}}.</ref>
| Name = Caesium oxide | Name = Caesium oxide
| ImageFile = Caesium-oxide-xtal-3D-vdW.png | ImageFile = Caesium-oxide-xtal-3D-SF.png
| ImageCaption = {{legend|rgb(96,0,128)|Caesium cations, {{chem2|Cs+}}}}{{legend|red|Oxide anions, {{chem2|O(2−)}}}}
| ImageSize = 200px
| ImageName = Caesium oxide | ImageName = Caesium oxide
| IUPACName = Caesium oxide | IUPACName = Caesium oxide
| OtherNames = Cesium oxide (]) | OtherNames = Cesium oxide (])
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| InChI = 1/2Cs.O/q2*+1;-2 | InChI = 1/2Cs.O/q2*+1;-2
| SMILES = .. | SMILES = ..
| InChIKey = KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYAW | InChIKey = KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYAW
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
Line 17: Line 18:
| StdInChIKey = KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N | StdInChIKey = KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| CASNo = 20281-00-9 | CASNo = 20281-00-9
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| EC-number = 243-679-0 | EC_number = 243-679-0
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 8079519 | ChemSpiderID = 8079519
| RTECS = | RTECS =
| PubChem = 9903865 | PubChem = 9903865
}} }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Cs=2|O=1
| Formula = Cs<sub>2</sub>O
| Appearance = Yellow-orange solid
| MolarMass = 281.81 g/mol
| Appearance = yellow-orange solid | Density = 4.65 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, solid
⚫ | Solubility = Reacts to form ]
| Density = 4.65 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, solid
| Solubility = reacts | MeltingPtC = 490
| MeltingPt = 490 °C (under N<sub>2</sub>) | MeltingPt_notes = (under ])
| BoilingPt = | BoilingPt =
⚫ | MagSus = 1534.0·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
}} }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure |Section3={{Chembox Structure
| Coordination = | Coordination =
| CrystalStruct = ] (]) | CrystalStruct = ] (])
}} }}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry |Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = -345.8 kJ/mol | DeltaHf = −345.8 kJ/mol
⚫ | Entropy = 146.9 J K<sup>-1</sup> mol<sup>-1</sup>
| Entropy = 146.9 J/(K·mol)
| HeatCapacity = 76.0 J K<sup>-1</sup> mol<sup>-1</sup>
| HeatCapacity = 76.0 J/(K·mol)
}} }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards |Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| EUIndex = not listed
| MainHazards = Corrosive and Superbase
⚫ | FlashPt = non-flammable
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}}{{GHS08}}
⚫ }}
| NFPA-H = 3
⚫ | Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| NFPA-F = 0
⚫ | OtherAnions = ]
| NFPA-R = 2
⚫ | OtherCations = ]<br/>]<br/>]<br/>]
| NFPA-S = W
⚫ }}
⚫ | FlashPt = non-flammable
⚫ }}
⚫ |Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = {{ubl|]|]|]|]}}
⚫ | OtherCations = {{ubl|]|]|]|]}}
| OtherFunction = {{ubl|]|]|]|]|]}}
| OtherFunction_label = ] ]s
| OtherCompounds = ]
⚫ }}
}} }}


'''Caesium oxide''' (] name) or '''cesium oxide''' describes ]s composed of ] and ]. The following binary (containing only Cs and O) oxides of caesium are known: Cs<sub>11</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Cs<sub>4</sub>O, Cs<sub>7</sub>O, and Cs<sub>2</sub>O.<ref name=Simon>{{citation | last = Simon | first = A. | title = Group 1 and 2 Suboxides and Subnitrides — Metals with Atomic Size Holes and Tunnels | journal = Coord. Chem. Rev. | year = 1997 | volume = 163 | pages = 253–270 | doi = 10.1016/S0010-8545(97)00013-1}}.</ref> Both the oxide and ]s are brightly coloured. The species Cs<sub>2</sub>O forms yellow-orange ] crystals.<ref name="CRC"/> '''Caesium monoxide''' or '''caesium oxide''' is a ] with the ] {{chem2|Cs2O|auto=1}}. It is the simplest and most common ] of the ]. It forms yellow-orange ] crystals.<ref name="CRC"/>


==Uses== ==Uses==
Caesium oxide is used in ]s to detect ] signals in devices such as ]s, vacuum ]s, ]s, and ] tubes<ref name="inf">{{Citation | last1 = Capper | first1 = Peter | last2 = Elliott | first2 = C. T. | year = 2000 | title = Infrared Detectors and Emitters | publisher = Springer | isbn = 9780792372066 | page = 14 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=HtgEcjQcgkkC&pg=PA14&dq=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22}}</ref> Caesium oxide is used in ]s to detect ] signals in devices such as ]s, vacuum ]s, ]s, and ] tubes<ref name="inf">{{Citation | last1 = Capper | first1 = Peter | last2 = Elliott | first2 = C. T. | year = 2000 | title = Infrared Detectors and Emitters | publisher = Springer | isbn = 978-0-7923-7206-6 | page = 14 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HtgEcjQcgkkC&q=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22&pg=PA14}}</ref>
L. R. Koller described the first modern photoemissive surface in 1929–30 as a layer of caesium on a layer of caesium oxide on a layer of ].<ref name="mul">{{Citation | last = Busch | first = Kenneth W. | last2 = Busch | first2 =Marianna A. | year = 1990 | title = Multielement Detection Systems for Spectrochemical Analysis | publisher = Wiley-Interscience | isbn = 9780471819745 | page = 12 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=9H0W1J-Rku4C&pg=PA12&dq=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22}}</ref> It is a good ] emitter; however, its high ] limits its usefulness.<ref name="ins">{{Citation | editor-first = Punit | editor-last = Boolchand | year = 2000 | title = Insulating and Semiconducting Glasses | publisher = World Scientific | isbn = 9789810236731 | page = 855 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=QK2f4eVh7qgC&pg=PA855&dq=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22}}</ref> L. R. Koller described the first modern photoemissive surface in 1929–1930 as a layer of caesium on a layer of caesium oxide on a layer of ].<ref name="mul">{{Citation | last1 = Busch | first1 = Kenneth W. | last2 = Busch | first2 =Marianna A. | year = 1990 | title = Multielement Detection Systems for Spectrochemical Analysis | publisher = Wiley-Interscience | isbn = 978-0-471-81974-5 | page = 12 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=9H0W1J-Rku4C&q=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22&pg=PA12}}</ref> It is a good ] emitter; however, its high ] limits its usefulness.<ref name="ins">{{Citation | editor-first = Punit | editor-last = Boolchand | year = 2000 | title = Insulating and Semiconducting Glasses | publisher = World Scientific | isbn = 978-981-02-3673-1 | page = 855 | bibcode = 2000isg..book.....B | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=QK2f4eVh7qgC&q=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22&pg=PA855}}</ref>


==Reactions== ==Reactions==
Elemental ] ] caesium oxide to elemental caesium, forming ] as a side-product:<ref name="cond"> Elemental ] ] caesium oxide to elemental caesium, forming ] as a side-product:<ref name="cond">
{{Citation | editor-last= Turner, Jr. | editor-first= Francis M. | year = 1920 | title = The Condensed Chemical Dictionary | publication-place = New York | publisher = Chemical Catalog Co. | page = 121 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=y8y0XE0nsYEC&pg=PA121&dq=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22}}</ref><ref name="sblock"> {{Citation | editor-last= Turner Jr. | editor-first= Francis M. | year = 1920 | title = The Condensed Chemical Dictionary | publication-place = New York | publisher = Chemical Catalog Co. | page = 121 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=y8y0XE0nsYEC&q=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22&pg=PA121}}</ref><ref name="sblock">
{{Citation | last = Arora | first = M.G. | year = 1997 | title = S-Block Elements | publication-place = New Delhi | publisher = Anmol Publications | isbn = 9788174885623 | page = 13 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=QR3TCaKaykEC&pg=PA256&dq=%22Bromine+dioxide%22}}</ref> {{Citation | last = Arora | first = M.G. | year = 1997 | title = S-Block Elements | publication-place = New Delhi | publisher = Anmol Publications | isbn = 978-81-7488-562-3 | page = 13 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=QR3TCaKaykEC&q=%22Bromine+dioxide%22&pg=PA256}}</ref>


:Cs<sub>2</sub>O + Mg → Cs + MgO :{{chem2|Cs2O + Mg → 2 Cs + MgO}}


Cs<sub>2</sub>O is hygroscopic, forming the corrosive CsOH on contact with water. {{chem2|Cs2O}} is ], forming the corrosive ] on contact with water.


==References== ==References==
{{reflist}} {{reflist}}

⚫ {{Caesium compounds}}
{{Oxides}}


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] ]

{{inorganic-compound-stub}}


⚫ {{Caesium compounds}}

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