Browse history interactively

Page 1

Page 1Revision 1

Page 2

Page 2Revision 2

← Previous editContent deleted Content addedVisualWikitext

Revision as of 18:10, 20 April 2011 editCheMoBot (talk | contribs)Bots141,565 edits Updating {{chembox}} (no changed fields - added verified revid - updated 'UNII_Ref', 'ChemSpiderID_Ref', 'StdInChI_Ref', 'StdInChIKey_Ref', 'ChEMBL_Ref', 'KEGG_Ref') per Chem/Drugbox validation (← Previous edit		Latest revision as of 08:41, 4 October 2023 edit undoCitation bot (talk | contribs)Bots5,424,108 edits Add: doi-access. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Graeme Bartlett | #UCB_toolbar
(69 intermediate revisions by 28 users not shown)
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{chembox		{{chembox
			| Verifiedfields = changed
	| verifiedrevid = 358317177		| verifiedrevid = 425039047
	| ImageFile = Curdlan haworth.png		| ImageFile = Curdlan haworth.png
	| ImageSize = 150px		| ImageSize = 150px
	| IUPACName =		| IUPACName =
	| OtherNames =		| OtherNames =
	| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers		|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
			| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
	| CASNo = 54724-00-4		| CASNo = 54724-00-4
			| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
			| UNII = 6930DL209R
	| PubChem =		| PubChem =
			| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
			| ChemSpiderID = none
	| SMILES = }}		| SMILES = }}
	| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties		|Section2={{Chembox Properties
	| Formula = (]<sub>6</sub>]<sub>10</sub>]<sub>5</sub>)<sub>n</sub>		| Formula = (]<sub>6</sub>]<sub>10</sub>]<sub>5</sub>)<sub>n</sub>
	| MolarMass =		| MolarMass =
Line 17:		Line 23:
	| BoilingPt =		| BoilingPt =
	| Solubility = }}		| Solubility = }}
	| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards		|Section3={{Chembox Hazards
	| MainHazards =		| MainHazards =
	| FlashPt =		| FlashPt =
	| Autoignition = }}		| AutoignitionPt = }}
	}}		}}
	'''Curdlan''' (or beta-1,3-]) is a high molecular weight polymer of ]. Curdlan consists of β-(1,3)-linked glucose residues and forms elastic ] upon heating in aqueous ].		'''Curdlan''' is a water-insoluble linear beta-1,3-], a high-molecular-weight polymer of ]. Curdlan consists of β-(1,3)-linked glucose residues and forms elastic ] upon heating in aqueous ]. It was reported to be produced by '']'' var. ''myxogenes''.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Harada T., Fujimori K., Hirose S., Masada M.|date=1966|title=Growth and Glucan (10C3K) Production by a Mutant of Alcaligenes faecalis var myxogenes in Defined Medium|journal=Agric Biol Chem|volume=30|pages=764–769|doi=10.1271/bbb1961.30.764|doi-access=free}}</ref> Subsequently, the taxonomy of this non-pathogenic curdlan-producing bacterium has been reclassified as '']'' species.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Xiao-Bei Zhan, Chi-Chung Lin, Hong-Tao Zhang|date=2012|title=Recent advances in curdlan biosynthesis, biotechnological production, and applications|journal=Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology|volume=93|issue=2|pages=525–531|doi=10.1007/s00253-011-3740-2|pmid=22124723|s2cid=7185132}}</ref>
			Extracellular and capsular polysaccharides are produced by a variety of pathogenic and soil-dwelling bacteria. Curdlan is a neutral β-(1,3)-glucan, perhaps with a few intra- or interchain 1,6-linkages, produced as an exopolysaccharide by soil bacteria of the family Rhizobiaceae.<ref name="pmid15818477">{{cite journal | vauthors = McIntosh M, Stone BA, Stanisich VA | title = Curdlan and other bacterial (1-->3)-beta-D-glucans | journal = Appl Microbiol Biotechnol | volume = 68 | issue = 2 | pages = 163–73 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15818477 | doi = 10.1007/s00253-005-1959-5 | s2cid = 13123359 }}</ref> Four genes required for curdlan production have been identified in '']'' sp. ATCC31749, which produces curdlan in extraordinary amounts, and '']''.<ref name="pmid12851288">{{cite journal | vauthors = Karnezis T, Epa VC, Stone BA, Stanisich VA | title = Topological characterization of an inner membrane (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan (curdlan) synthase from Agrobacterium sp. strain ATCC31749 | journal = Glycobiology | volume = 13 | issue = 10 | pages = 693–706 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12851288 | doi = 10.1093/glycob/cwg093 | doi-access = free }}</ref> A putative ] contains crdS (, family GT2, {{Pfam|PF13632}}), encoding β-(1,3)-glucan synthase catalytic subunit,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Karnezis|first=T.|date=2003-06-10|title=Topological characterization of an inner membrane (1->3)- -D-glucan (curdlan) synthase from Agrobacterium sp. strain ATCC31749|journal=Glycobiology|language=en|volume=13|issue=10|pages=693–706|doi=10.1093/glycob/cwg093|pmid=12851288 |issn=1460-2423|doi-access=free}}</ref> flanked by two additional genes. A separate locus contains a putative regulatory gene, {{not a typo|crdR}}. A membrane-bound phosphatidylserine synthase, encoded by {{not a typo|pss<sub>AG</sub>}}, is also necessary for maximal production of curdlan of high molecular mass. Nitrogen starvation upregulates the curdlan operon and increases the rate of curdlan synthesis.<ref name="pmid22305302">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ruffing AM, Chen RR | title = Transcriptome profiling of a curdlan-producing Agrobacterium reveals conserved regulatory mechanisms of exopolysaccharide biosynthesis | journal = Microb Cell Fact | volume = 11 | pages = 17 |date=February 2012 | pmid = 22305302 | doi = 10.1186/1475-2859-11-17 | pmc=3293034 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
	It is produced by ''] biobar'', a non pathogenic ].
	The production of curdlan by ''] faecalis'' is being developed to be used in gel production as well.
			Curdlan has numerous applications as a gelling agent in the food, construction, and pharmaceutical industries and has been approved as a food additive by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration.<ref name="Compendium of Food Additive Specifications">{{cite web | title = Compendium of Food Additive Specifications (Addendum 7) Joint FAO/WHO Expert. Curdlan: New specification prepared at the 53rd JECFA (1999) and published in FNP 52 Add 7 (1999) |url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/X3860E/X3860E12.htm}}</ref> Its use is being evaluated in fat replacement studies in foodstuffs such as sausages, meat patties and other meat products <ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Aquinas|first1=Natasha|last2=Bhat M|first2=Ramananda|last3=Selvaraj|first3=Subbalaxmi|date=2021-08-25|title=A review presenting production, characterization, and applications of biopolymer curdlan in food and pharmaceutical sectors|journal=Polymer Bulletin|volume=79 |issue=9 |pages=6905–6927 |language=en|doi=10.1007/s00289-021-03860-1|s2cid=237299620|issn=1436-2449|doi-access=free}}</ref>
⚫	==References==
	*
			==See also==
⚫	]
			* ]
			* ]
		⚫	==References==
	{{biochem-stub}}
			{{Reflist}}
		⚫	]
	]
	]
	]
	]