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Revision as of 15:38, 11 November 2010 editCheMoBot (talk | contribs)Bots141,565 edits Updating {{drugbox}} (no changed fields - added verified revid - updated 'UNII_Ref') per Chem/Drugbox validation (report errors or [[user talk:CheMoBot← Previous edit Latest revision as of 04:22, 26 October 2024 edit undo76.174.0.57 (talk) Cat, navbox. 
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{{Short description|Muscle relaxant}}
{{drugbox
{{Drugbox
⚫ | verifiedrevid = 396140352
| Verifiedfields = changed
⚫ | IUPAC_name = 2,2',2<nowiki>''</nowiki>-tris(''N,N''-diethylethanamine)
| Watchedfields = changed
⚫ | image = Gallamine.svg
⚫ | verifiedrevid = 461118216
⚫ | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
⚫ | IUPAC_name = 2,2’,2’’-tris(N,N,N-triethylethanaminium) triiodide
⚫ | ChemSpiderID = 60750
⚫ | image = Gallamine triethiodide.svg
<!--Clinical data-->
| tradename = Flaxedil
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|international|gallamine-triethiodide}}
⚫ | pregnancy_category =
⚫ | legal_status =
⚫ | routes_of_administration =
<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
⚫ | bioavailability =
⚫ | protein_bound =
⚫ | metabolism =
⚫ | elimination_half-life =
⚫ | excretion =
<!--Identifiers-->
⚫ | CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
⚫ | CAS_number = 65-29-2
⚫ | ATC_prefix = M03
⚫ | ATC_suffix = AC02
⚫ | ATC_supplemental =
⚫ | PubChem = 6172
⚫ | IUPHAR_ligand = 356
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
⚫ | DrugBank = DB00483
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
⚫ | ChemSpiderID = 5937
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = Q3254X40X2 | UNII = Q3254X40X2
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| InChI = 1/C24H45N3O3/c1-7-25(8-2)16-19-28-22-14-13-15-23(29-20-17-26(9-3)10-4)24(22)30-21-18-27(11-5)12-6/h13-15H,7-12,16-21H2,1-6H3
| KEGG = D02292
| InChIKey = ICLWTJIMXVISSR-UHFFFAOYAV
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 503442
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 1200993
<!--Chemical data-->
⚫ | chemical_formula = C<sub>30</sub>H<sub>60</sub>N<sub>3</sub>O<sub>3</sub><sup>+3</sup> · 3 I<sup>−</sup> (gallamine triethiodide)<br />C<sub>24</sub>H<sub>45</sub>N<sub>3</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (gallamine)
⚫ | molecular_weight = 891.529 g/mol (gallamine triethiodide)<br />423.633 g/mol<br /> (gallamine)
| SMILES = ...O(c1c(OCC(CC)(CC)CC)cccc1OCC(CC)(CC)CC)CC(CC)(CC)CC
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C24H45N3O3/c1-7-25(8-2)16-19-28-22-14-13-15-23(29-20-17-26(9-3)10-4)24(22)30-21-18-27(11-5)12-6/h13-15H,7-12,16-21H2,1-6H3 | StdInChI = 1S/C24H45N3O3/c1-7-25(8-2)16-19-28-22-14-13-15-23(29-20-17-26(9-3)10-4)24(22)30-21-18-27(11-5)12-6/h13-15H,7-12,16-21H2,1-6H3
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = ICLWTJIMXVISSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N | StdInChIKey = ICLWTJIMXVISSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
⚫ | CAS_number = 65-29-2
⚫ | ATC_prefix = M03
⚫ | ATC_suffix = AC02
⚫ | ATC_supplemental =
⚫ | PubChem = 67425
⚫ | IUPHAR_ligand = 356
⚫ | DrugBank = APRD00712
| smiles = O(c1c(OCCN(CC)CC)cccc1OCCN(CC)CC)CCN(CC)CC
⚫ | chemical_formula = C<sub>30</sub>H<sub>60</sub>N<sub>3</sub>O<sub>3</sub><sup>+3</sup> · 3 I<sup>-</sup> (gallamine triethiodide)<BR />C<sub>24</sub>H<sub>45</sub>N<sub>3</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (gallamine)
⚫ | molecular_weight = 891.529 g/mol (gallamine triethiodide)<br />423.633 g/mol<br> (gallamine)
⚫ | bioavailability =
⚫ | protein_bound =
⚫ | metabolism =
⚫ | elimination_half-life =
⚫ | excretion =
⚫ | pregnancy_category =
⚫ | legal_status =
⚫ | routes_of_administration =
}} }}
]


'''Gallamine''' ('''Flaxedil''') is a ].<ref>{{cite web | title=Webster's Online Dictionary - Flaxedil | url=http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/Fl/Flaxedil.html| accessdate=2008-12-15}}</ref> It acts by combining with the ] sites in ] and competitively blocking the transmitter action of ].<ref>{{ cite web | title=RxMed: Pharmaceutical Information - FLAXEDIL | url=http://www.rxmed.com/b.main/b2.pharmaceutical/b2.1.monographs/CPS-%20Monographs/CPS-%20(General%20Monographs-%20F)/FLAXEDIL.html| accessdate=2008-12-15}}</ref> Gallamine has a ] effect on the cardiac ] which causes ] and occasionally ]. Very high doses cause ] release. '''Gallamine triethiodide''' ('''Flaxedil''') is a ].<ref>{{cite web|title=Webster's Online Dictionary - Flaxedil |url=http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/Fl/Flaxedil.html |access-date=2008-12-15 }}{{dead link|date=January 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> It acts by combining with the ] sites in ] and competitively blocking the transmitter action of ].<ref>{{ cite web | title=RxMed: Pharmaceutical Information - FLAXEDIL | url=http://www.rxmed.com/b.main/b2.pharmaceutical/b2.1.monographs/CPS-%20Monographs/CPS-%20(General%20Monographs-%20F)/FLAXEDIL.html| access-date=2008-12-15}}</ref> Gallamine is a non-depolarising type of blocker as it binds to the acetylcholine receptor but does not have the ] of acetyl choline. Gallamine triethiodide has a ] effect on the cardiac ], which causes ]<ref name="pmid4380161">{{cite journal | vauthors = Morgenstern C, Splith G | title = | language = de | journal = Der Anaesthesist | volume = 14 | issue = 10 | pages = 298–301 | date = October 1965 | pmid = 4380161 }}<!--|access-date=2014-09-20--></ref><ref name="pmid13998750">{{cite journal | vauthors = Walts LF | title = Ventricular tachycardia with gallamine and cyclopropane anesthesia | journal = Anesthesiology | volume = 24 | pages = 119 | year = 1963 | pmid = 13998750 | doi = 10.1097/00000542-196301000-00024 | doi-access = free }}</ref> and occasionally ]. Very high doses cause ] release.{{fact|date=March 2018}}<br>
Presence of ] makes it ], and its ] in a bag at airport's ] raise the false suspicion of a ] in the bag.
Gallamine triethiodide was commonly used to prevent muscle contractions during surgical procedures, but is now superseded by new ] with less ].


⚫ It was developed by ] in 1947.<ref name="pmid12091515">{{cite journal | vauthors = Raghavendra T | title = Neuromuscular blocking drugs: discovery and development | journal = Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine | volume = 95 | issue = 7 | pages = 363–7 | date = July 2002 | pmid = 12091515 | pmc = 1279945 | doi = 10.1177/014107680209500713 | url = http://www.jrsm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=12091515 }}</ref>
Gallamine is commonly used to stabilize muscle contractions during surgical procedures.


The drug is no longer marketed in the United States, according to the FDA Orange Book.
⚫ It was developed by ] in 1947.<ref name="pmid12091515">{{cite journal |author=Raghavendra T |title=Neuromuscular blocking drugs: discovery and development |journal=J R Soc Med |volume=95 |issue=7 |pages=363–7 |year=2002 |month=July |pmid=12091515 |pmc=1279945 |doi= |url=http://www.jrsm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=12091515}}</ref>

==See also==
* ]
* ]


== References == == References ==
{{Reflist|2}} {{Reflist}}



{{Muscle relaxants}} {{Muscle relaxants}}
{{Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulators}}
{{Cholinergics}}
{{Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor modulators}}




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{{musculoskeletal-drug-stub}} {{musculoskeletal-drug-stub}}

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