| Revision as of 19:35, 7 July 2011 editNReitzel (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users539 edits Alternate chemical formula depiction← Previous edit |
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{{Missing information|it's basic chemical information|date=September 2024}} |
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{{chembox |
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| verifiedrevid = 356944564 |
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| Watchedfields = changed |
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| ImageFile1 = methylammonium nitrate.png |
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| verifiedrevid = 438290095 |
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| ImageSize1 = 220px |
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| ImageFileL2 = Methylammonium-3D-balls.png |
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| ImageFile1 = methylammonium nitrate.png |
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| ImageFileL2 = Methylammonium-3D-balls.png |
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| ImageSizeL2 = 120px |
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| ImageNameL2 = Ball-and-stick model of the methylammonium cation |
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| ImageNameL2 = Ball-and-stick model of the methylammonium cation |
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| ImageFileR2 = Nitrate-3D-balls.png |
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| ImageFileR2 = Nitrate-3D-balls.png |
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| ImageNameR2 = Ball-and-stick model of the nitrate anion |
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| ImageSizeR2 = 100px |
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| IUPACName=methylammonium nitrate |
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| ImageNameR2 = Ball-and-stick model of the nitrate anion |
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| OtherNames=Methylamine nitrate<BR />Monomethylamine nitrate<BR />Monomethylammonium nitrate<BR />MMAN |
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|IUPACName=methanamine; nitric acid |
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|OtherNames=Methylamine nitrate; Mono-methylamine nitrate; MMAN |
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|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers |
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|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} |
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| CASNo=22113-87-7 |
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| CASNo=22113-87-7 |
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| PubChem=159924 |
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| PubChem = 10887831 |
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| SMILES=CN.(=O)(O) |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID = 9063095 |
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| SMILES = C.(=O)() |
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| InChI = 1/CH5N.NO3/c1-2;2-1(3)4/h2H2,1H3;/q;-1/p+1 |
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| InChIKey = WPHINMYYTFDPIA-IKLDFBCSAW |
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| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChI = 1S/CH5N.NO3/c1-2;2-1(3)4/h2H2,1H3;/q;-1/p+1 |
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| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChIKey = WPHINMYYTFDPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-O |
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|Section2={{Chembox Properties |
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|Section2={{Chembox Properties |
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| Formula=CH<sub>6</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> |
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| Formula=CH<sub>6</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> |
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| MolarMass=94.07 g/mol |
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| MolarMass=94.07 g/mol |
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|Section8={{Chembox Related |
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'''Methylammonium nitrate''' is an explosive chemical with the molecular formula CH<sub>6</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, alternately CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup>NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>. It is the ] formed by the neutralization of ] with ]. This substance is also known as methylamine nitrate and monomethylamine nitrate, not to be confused with methyl nitramine or monomethyl nitramine. |
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'''Methylammonium nitrate''' is an explosive chemical with the molecular formula CH<sub>6</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, alternately CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup>NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>. It is the ] formed by the neutralization of ] with ]. This substance is also known as methylamine nitrate and monomethylamine nitrate, not to be confused with methyl nitramine or monomethyl nitramine. |
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Methylammonium nitrate was first used as an explosive ingredient by the Germans during ].<ref>Urbanski, ''The Chemistry and Technology of Explosives'', Volume 2</ref> It was originally called mono-methylamine nitrate, a name that has largely stuck among chemists who formulate energetic materials. |
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Methylammonium nitrate was first used as an explosive ingredient by the Germans during ].<ref>Urbanski, ''The Chemistry and Technology of Explosives'', Volume 2</ref> It was originally called mono-methylamine nitrate, a name that has largely stuck among chemists who formulate energetic materials. |
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Methylammonium nitrate is somewhat similar in explosive properties to ] (AN) which yields 85% of the power of ] when the ammonium nitrate is incorporated into an explosive. The addition of the carbon-containing ] in methylammonium nitrate imparts better explosive properties and helps create a more favorable oxygen balance. |
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Methylammonium nitrate is somewhat similar in explosive properties to ] (AN) which yields 85% of the power of ] when the ammonium nitrate is incorporated into an explosive. The addition of the carbon-containing ] in methylammonium nitrate imparts better explosive properties and helps create a more favorable oxygen balance. |
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Following World War Two, relative to less costly ammonium nitrate, methylammonium nitrate was largely ignored by explosives manufacturers. Ammonium nitrate fuel-oil mixtures (ANFO) were sufficient for most large-diameter explosives uses. |
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After World War II, methylammonium nitrate was largely ignored by explosives manufacturers, in favor of less-costly ammonium nitrate. Ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixtures (]) were sufficient for most large-diameter explosives uses. |
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Methylammonium nitrate saw a resurgence when ], seeking to lower the cost of its TNT-based "Tovex" water gels, incorporated a mixture of methylammonium nitrate with ammonium nitrate which served as a basis for DuPont's water gels manufactured under the names "Tovex" "Extra" and "Pourvex" "Extra". Methylammonium nitrate, also known as PR-M (which stands for "Potomac River - Mono-methylamine nitrate") soon was seen as the possible path toward creating a low cost blasting agent (water gel explosives) that might replace the explosives based on nitroglycerin (dynamites). |
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Methylammonium nitrate saw a resurgence when E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company (]), seeking to lower the cost of its TNT-based ] ]s, incorporated a mixture of methylammonium nitrate with ammonium nitrate which served as a basis for DuPont's water-gels manufactured under the names "Tovex Extra" and "Pourvex Extra". Methylammonium nitrate, also known as PR-M (which stands for "Potomac River—Mono-methylamine nitrate") soon was seen as the possible path toward creating a low-cost blasting agent (water gel explosives) that might replace the explosives based on nitroglycerin (dynamites). |
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In late 1973, DuPont started to phase out dynamite and replace it with water gels based on PR-M. However, PR-M proved to have unusual "mass effects". That is, if there was sufficient mass, under certain conditions, PR-M could explode without warning. On August 6, 1974, a tank car containing PR-M blew up in Wenatchee, Washington, rail yard, killing two and injuring 66 others.<ref> </ref> On July 4, 1976, a PR-M storage with 60,000 pounds of PR-M detonated at DuPont's Potomac River Works at Martinsburg, WV. Though there was no loss of life, there were many injuries and a substantial loss of property. Within two years, DuPont moved out of water gel explosives. |
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In late 1973, DuPont started to phase out dynamite and replace it with water-gels based on PR-M. However, PR-M proved to have unusual "mass effects". That is, if there was sufficient mass, under certain conditions, PR-M could explode without warning. On August 6, 1974, a tank car containing PR-M blew up in Wenatchee, Washington, rail yard, killing two and injuring 66 others.<ref></ref> On July 4, 1976, a PR-M storage with 60,000 pounds (approximately 27,200Kg) of PR-M detonated at DuPont's Potomac River Works at Martinsburg, WV. Though there was no loss of life, there were many injuries and a substantial loss of property. |
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== References == |
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==References== |
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==External links== |
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==External links== |
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