Revision as of 11:43, 24 July 2011 editChuispastonBot (talk | contribs)100,206 editsm r2.7.1) (robot Adding: simple:Pentene← Previous edit |
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{{Chembox |
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| Verifiedfields = changed |
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| verifiedrevid = 438250153 |
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| Watchedfields = changed |
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| Name = Straight chain pentenes |
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| verifiedrevid = 441158398 |
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| ImageFile = 1-pentene.svg |
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| Name = Straight chain pentenes |
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| ImageSize = 150px |
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| ImageFile = 1-pentene.svg |
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| ImageCaption = 1-Pentene |
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| ImageSize = 150px |
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| ImageFile1 = Cis-2-pentene.svg |
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| ImageCaption = 1-Pentene |
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| ImageSize1 = 150px |
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| ImageFile1 = Cis-2-pentene.svg |
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| ImageCaption1 = ''cis''-2-Pentene |
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| ImageSize1 = 150px |
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| ImageFile2 = Trans-2-pentene.svg |
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| ImageCaption1 = ''cis''-2-Pentene |
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| ImageSize2 = 150px |
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| ImageFile2 = Trans-2-pentene.svg |
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| ImageCaption2 = ''trans''-2-Pentene |
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| ImageSize2 = 150px |
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| IUPACName = |
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| ImageCaption2 = ''trans''-2-Pentene |
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| OtherNames = |
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| IUPACName = Pent-1-ene<br />''cis''-Pent-2-ene<br />''trans''-Pent-2-ene |
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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| OtherNames = amylene, ''n''-amylene, ''n''-pentene, beta-''n''-amylene, ''sym''-methylethylethylene |
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| CASNo = 109-67-1 |
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| CASNo = 109-67-1 |
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| CASNo_Comment = (1-pentene) |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| CASNo1 = 627-20-3 |
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| CASNo_Comment = (1-pentene) |
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| CASNo1_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| CASNo1 = 627-20-3 |
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| CASNo1_Comment = (''cis''-2-pentene) |
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| CASNo1_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| CASNo2 = 646-04-8 |
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| CASNo1_Comment = (''cis''-2-pentene) |
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| CASNo2_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| CASNo2 = 646-04-8 |
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| CASNo2_Comment = (''trans''-2-pentene) |
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| CASNo2_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| PubChem = |
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| CASNo2_Comment = (''trans''-2-pentene) |
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| SMILES = CCCC=C |
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| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| SMILES_Comment = (1-pentene) |
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| SMILES1 = CC/C=C\C |
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| UNII = ALP8M0LU81 |
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| SMILES1_Comment = (''cis''-2-pentene) |
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| UNII_Comment = (1-pentene) |
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| UNII1_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| SMILES2 = CC/C=C/C |
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| UNII1 = 54UR3XZ4FC |
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| SMILES2_Comment = (''trans''-2-pentene) |
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| UNII1_Comment = (''cis''-2-pentene) |
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| UNII2 = YCO1SJQ98H |
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| UNII2_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| UNII2_Comment = (''trans''-2-pentene) |
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| PubChem = 8004 |
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| PubChem_Comment = (1-pentene) |
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| PubChem1 = 5326160 |
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| PubChem1_Comment = (''cis''-2-pentene) |
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| PubChem2 = 5326161 |
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| PubChem2_Comment = (''trans''-2-pentene) |
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| EC_number = 246-916-6 (1-pentene)<br /> |
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273-308-8 (''cis''-2-pentene)<br /> |
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271-255-5 (''trans''-2-pentene) |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID = 7713 |
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| ChemSpiderID_Comment = (1-pentene) |
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| ChemSpiderID1_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID1 = 4483638 |
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| ChemSpiderID1_Comment = (''cis''-2-pentene) |
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| ChemSpiderID2_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID2 = 4483639 |
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| ChemSpiderID2_Comment = (''trans''-2-pentene) |
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| SMILES = CCCC=C |
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| SMILES_Comment = (1-pentene) |
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| SMILES1 = CC/C=C\C |
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| SMILES1_Comment = (''cis''-2-pentene) |
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| SMILES2 = CC/C=C/C |
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| SMILES2_Comment = (''trans''-2-pentene) |
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| InChI = 1S/C5H10/c1-3-5-4-2/h3H,1,4-5H2,2H3 |
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| InChI_Comment = (1-pentene) |
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| InChIKey = YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| InChI1 = 1S/C5H10/c1-3-5-4-2/h3,5H,4H2,1-2H3/b5-3- |
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| InChI1_Comment = (''cis''-2-pentene) |
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| InChIKey1 = QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-HYXAFXHYSA-N |
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| InChI2 = 1S/C5H10/c1-3-5-4-2/h3,5H,4H2,1-2H3/b5-3+ |
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| InChIKey2 = QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-HWKANZROSA-N |
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| InChI2_Comment = (''trans''-2-pentene) |
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}} |
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}} |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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| C=5|H=10 |
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| C=5 | H=10 |
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| Appearance = |
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| Appearance = |
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| Density = 0.64 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (1-pentene)<ref name=GESTIS>{{GESTIS|ZVG=29270}}</ref> |
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| Density = 0.64 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (1-pentene)<ref name=GESTIS>{{GESTIS|ZVG=29270}}</ref> |
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| MeltingPtC = -165.2 |
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| MeltingPt = -165.2 °C (1-pentene)<ref name=GESTIS/> |
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| BoilingPt = 30 °C (1-pentene)<ref name=GESTIS/> |
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| MeltingPt_notes = (1-pentene)<ref name=GESTIS/> |
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| Solubility = }} |
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| BoilingPtC = 30 |
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| BoilingPt_notes = (1-pentene)<ref name=GESTIS/> |
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| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards |
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| Solubility = |
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| ExternalMSDS = |
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| MagSus = -53.7·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol}} |
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| MainHazards = |
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| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards |
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| FlashPt = |
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| ExternalSDS = |
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| Autoignition = }} |
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| MainHazards = |
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| FlashPt = |
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| AutoignitionPt = |
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}} |
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}} |
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}} |
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'''Pentene''' refers to all the ] with ] {{Carbon}}<sub>5</sub>{{Hydrogen}}<sub>10</sub>. Each contains one ] within its molecular structure. There are a total of five different compounds in this class, differing from each other by whether the carbon atoms are attached linearly or in a branched structure, and whether the double bond has a ] form. |
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'''Pentenes''' are ]s with the ] {{chem|C|5|H|10}}. Each molecule contains one ] within its molecular structure. Six different compounds are in this class, differing from each other by whether the ] atoms are attached linearly or in a branched structure and whether the ] has a ] form. |
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== Straight-chain isomers == |
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==Straight-chain isomers== |
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1-Pentene is an ]. Most often 1-pentene is made as a byproduct of catalytic or thermal ] of ], or during production of ] and ] via thermal cracking of hydrocarbon fractions. It is rarely isolated as a separate compound. Instead, it is most often blended into ] or, in a mixture with other hydrocarbons, ] with ] to make gasoline. |
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1-Pentene is an ]. Most often, 1-pentene is made as a byproduct of ] or ] of ] or during the production of ] and ] via thermal cracking of hydrocarbon fractions. |
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The only commercial manufacturer of 1-pentene{{Citation needed|date=April 2011}} is ], where it is separated from crude made by the ]. |
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As of 2010s, the only commercial manufacturer of 1-pentene was ], where it is separated from crude by the ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cchange.ac.za/rsa-olefins/|title=RSA Olefins {{!}} cChange|website=www.cchange.ac.za|language=en-US|access-date=2017-10-19}}</ref> |
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2-Pentene has two geometric isomers, ''cis''-2-pentene and ''trans''-2-pentene. ''cis''-2-Pentene is used in ]. |
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2-Pentene has two geometric isomers: ''cis''-2-pentene and ''trans''-2-pentene. ''Cis''-2-Pentene is used in ]. |
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==Branched-chain isomers== |
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Alternative names for 1-pentene include '''amylene''', '''''n''-amylene''', and '''''n''-pentene'''. Alternative names for 2-pentene include '''beta-''n''-amylene''' and '''''sym''-methylethylethylene'''. |
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== Branched-chain isomers == |
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The branched isomers are 2-methylbut-1-ene, 3-methylbut-1-ene (isopentene), and ] (isoamylene). |
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The branched isomers are 2-methylbut-1-ene, 3-methylbut-1-ene (isopentene), and ] (isoamylene). |
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Isoamylene is one of three main byproducts of ] (DCC), a relatively new concept that is very similar to the operation of the ] (FCC). The DCC uses vacuum gas oil (VGO) as a feedstock to produce primarily ], ], and isoamylene. The rise in demand for ] has encouraged the growth of the DCCU, which is operated very much like an FCCU. ] and isoamylene are feedstocks necessary for the production of the much debated gasoline blending components ] (MTBE) and ] (TAME). |
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Isoamylene is one of the three main byproducts of ] (DCC), which is very similar to the operation of ] (FCC). The DCC uses ] (VGO) as a feedstock to produce primarily ], ], and isoamylene. The rise in demand for ] has encouraged the growth of the DCC, which is operated very much like the FCC. Isobutylene and isoamylene feedstocks are necessary for the production of the much debated gasoline blending components ] and ]. |
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==See also== |
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==Production of fuels== |
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Propylene, isobutene, and amylenes are feedstocks in the ]s of refineries. Using isobutane, blendstocks are generated with high branching for good combustion characteristics. Amylenes are valued as precursors to fuels, especially aviation fuels of relatively low volatility, as required by various regulations.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Alkylation|author=Bipin V. Vora |author2=Joseph A. Kocal |author3=Paul T. Barger |author4=Robert J. Schmidt |author5=James A. Johnson |year=2003|encyclopedia=Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology|doi=10.1002/0471238961.0112112508011313.a01.pub2|isbn=0-471-23896-1}}</ref> |
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* ] |
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==References== |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{Alkenes}} |
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{{Alkenes}} |
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{{Hydrides by group}} |
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