| Revision as of 07:15, 9 March 2011 editCheMoBot (talk | contribs)Bots141,565 edits Updating {{chembox}} (changes to watched fields - updated 'UNII_Ref', 'ChEMBL_Ref', 'KEGG_Ref') per Chem/Drugbox validation (report errors or [[user talk: |
Latest revision as of 16:00, 15 September 2024 edit 82.12.148.203 (talk) Fixed an error |
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{{chembox |
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{{chembox |
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| verifiedrevid = 402114675 |
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| verifiedrevid = 417919604 |
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| Name = Perfluorotoluene |
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| Name = Ethyl (-)-<small>L</small>-lactate |
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| ImageFile = Perfluorotoluene.svg |
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| ImageFile = Ethyl L-lactate.png |
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| ImageSize = 200px |
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| ImageSize = 200px |
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| ImageName = Perfluorotoluene |
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| ImageName = Ethyl <small>L</small>-lactate |
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| PIN = Pentafluoro(trifluoromethyl)benzene |
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| IUPACName = Ethyl (''R'')-2-hydroxypropanoate |
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| OtherNames = Octafluorotoluene, Benzene, pentafluoro(trifluoromethyl)-, Pentafluorobenzotrifluoride |
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| OtherNames = Ethyl lactate; Lactic acid ethyl ester; 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid ethyl ester; Actylol; Acytol |
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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| CASNo = 434-64-0 |
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| SMILES = CCOC(=O)C(C)O |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{Cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| ChemSpiderID = 13837423 |
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| UNII = 4EFB94M9FV |
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| InChI = 1/C5H10O3/c1-3-8-5(7)4(2)6/h4,6H,3H2,1-2H3 |
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| ChEMBL = 455799 |
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| InChIKey = LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYAV |
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| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID = 9522 |
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| StdInChI = 1S/C5H10O3/c1-3-8-5(7)4(2)6/h4,6H,3H2,1-2H3 |
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| EINECS = 207-104-7 |
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| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| PubChem = 9906 |
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| StdInChIKey = LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| InChI = InChI=1S/C7F8/c8-2-1(7(13,14)15)3(9)5(11)6(12)4(2)10 |
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| CASNo = 687-47-8 |
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| InChIKey = USPWUOFNOTUBAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| CASNo_Comment = (<small>L</small>-isomer) |
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| SMILES = FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(C(F)=C1F)C(F)(F)F |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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}} |
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| CASNo1 = 97-64-3 |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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| CASNo_Comment = (racemate) |
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| C=7|F=8 |
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| CASNo2 = 7699-00-5 |
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| Appearance = Clear light yellow liquid |
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| CASNo_Comment = (<small>D</small>-isomer) |
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| Density = 1.666 g/cm<sup>3</sup> |
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| PubChem = 7344 |
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| SolubleOther = Miscible with Organic compounds |
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| RTECS = OD5075000 |
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| MeltingPtC = -65.6 |
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| BoilingPtC = 104 |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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| VaporPressure = 26 mmHg |
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| C=5|H=10|O=3 |
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}} |
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| Appearance = Clear to slightly yellow liquid |
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| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards |
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| Density = 1.03 g/cm<sup>3</sup> |
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| ExternalSDS = MSDS |
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| Solubility = Miscible |
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| GHS_ref= |
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| Solvent = ]<br /> and most ]s |
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| GHSPictograms = {{GHS07}} {{GHS06}} {{GHS02}} |
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| SolubleOther = Miscible |
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| GHSSignalWord = Warning |
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| MeltingPtC = -26 |
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| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|}} |
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| BoilingPtCL = 151 |
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| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|}} |
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| BoilingPtCH = 155 |
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| MainHazards = Irritant, Highly Flammable |
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| SpecRotation = −11.3° |
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| NFPA-H = 1 |
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| NFPA-F = 3 |
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| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards |
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| NFPA-R = 0 |
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| ExternalMSDS = |
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| FlashPtC = 20 |
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| MainHazards = Irritant (Xi) |
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}} |
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| NFPA-H = 1 |
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| Section8 = {{Chembox Related |
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| NFPA-F = 1 |
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| OtherCompounds = ] |
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| NFPA-R = 0 |
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}} |
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| RPhrases = {{R10}} {{R37}} {{R41}} |
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| SPhrases = {{S2}} {{S24}} {{S26}} {{S39}} |
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| FlashPt = 46 °C |
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}} |
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| Section8 = {{Chembox Related |
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| OtherCpds = ] |
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'''Perfluorotoluene''' or '''octafluorotoluene''' is a chemical which belongs to the class of ], specifically a perfluorocarbon. Fluorocarbons and their derivatives are useful ], ], ], and ]. |
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'''Ethyl lactate''', also known as lactic acid ethyl ester, is a monobasic ] formed from ] and ], commonly used as a ]. This compound is considered ] and can be used as a water-rinsible degreaser. Ethyl lactate is found naturally in small quantities in a wide variety of foods including ], ], and various ]s. The odor of ethyl lactate when dilute is mild, ]y, ]y, with hints of fruit and ]. |
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More specifically, perfluorotoluene is a ], which is perfluorocarbon containing an ] ring. Other examples include ] and ]. Perfluorotoluene is commonly used as industrial ] and can be prepared by defluorination of ] by heating to 500 °C with a ] or ] ].<ref>{{cite book |last=Banks|first=RE|date=1970|title=Fluorocarbons and their Derivatives, Second Edition|location=London|publisher=MacDonald & Co. (Publishers) Ltd.|pages=203–207|isbn=0-356-02798-8 }}</ref> |
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Ethyl lactate is produced from biological sources, and can be either the levo (''S'') form or dextro (''R'') form, depending on the organism that is the source of the ]. Most biologically sourced ethyl lactate is ethyl (-)-<small>L</small>-lactate. Ethyl lactate is also produced industrially from petrochemical stocks, and this ethyl lactate consists of the racemic mixture of levo and dextro forms. In some jurisdictions, the ''natural'' product is exempt from many restrictions placed upon use and disposal of solvents. Because both enantiomers are found in nature, and because ethyl lactate is easily biodegradable, it is considered to be a ''green'' solvent. |
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Due to its relatively low toxicity, ethyl lactate is used commonly in pharmaceutical preparations, ]s,<ref>{{Dead link|date=December 2010}} ], Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition</ref> and ]. Ethyl lactate is also used as solvent for ], ] ], and cellulose ]s.<ref>"Industrial Solvents Handbook" by Ernest W. Flick. 5th Edition. William Andrew Inc., 1998. ISBN 0815514131, 9780815514138</ref> |
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Ethyl lactate ] in the presence of ] and ]s or ] into ] and ]. |
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Ethyl lactate can be used as a cosolvent to produce suitable conditions for the formation of aryl aldimines.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Jacqueline S. Bennett, Kaitlyn L. Charles, Matthew R. Miner, Caitlin F. Heuberger, Elijah J. Spina, Michael F. Bartels and Taylor Foreman | title = Ethyl lactate as a tunable solvent for the synthesis of aryl aldimines | journal = Green Chem. | year = 2009 | volume = 11 | issue = 2 | pages = 166–168 | doi = 10.1039/b817379f}}</ref> |
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==References== |
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==References== |
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