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Revision as of 14:00, 5 December 2011 editBeetstra (talk | contribs)Edit filter managers, Administrators172,031 edits Saving copy of the {{chembox}} taken from revid 429554745 of page Potassium_silicate for the Chem/Drugbox validation project (updated: 'CASNo').  Latest revision as of 06:26, 13 July 2024 edit LucasBrown (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users43,597 editsm →Uses: Fixed grammarTags: Mobile edit Mobile app edit Android app edit 
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{{ambox | text = This page contains a copy of the infobox ({{tl|chembox}}) taken from revid of page ] with values updated to verified values.}}
{{Chembox {{Chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed | Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 397292568 | verifiedrevid = 464212518
| ImageFile1 = K2SiO3idealized.png
| ImageFile = Sodium-metasilicate-chain-from-xtal-3D-balls.png
| ImageSize = 244 | ImageSize1 = 274
| ImageFile2 = Sodium-metasilicate-chain-from-xtal-3D-balls.png
| ImageName = Ball and stick model of polymeric potassium silicate
| ImageSize2 = 244
| ImageName = Ball and stick model of polymeric potassium silicate
| PIN = Potassium metasilicate | PIN = Potassium metasilicate
| OtherNames = Liquid glass<br /> | OtherNames = Liquid glass<br />
Waterglass Waterglass
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = <!-- blanked - oldvalue: 10006-28-7 --> | CASNo = 1312-76-1
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| PubChem = 66200
| UNII = J86L1GUL6K
| PubChem_Ref = {{Pubchemcite|correct|PubChem}}
| ChemSpiderID = 59585 | PubChem = 66200
| ChemSpiderID = 59585
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| EINECS = 233-001-1
| SMILES = ..()=O | EINECS = 233-001-1
| SMILES = ..()=O
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/2K.O3Si/c;;1-4(2)3/q2*+1;-2 | StdInChI = 1S/2K.O3Si/c;;1-4(2)3/q2*+1;-2
| InChI = 1/2K.O3Si/c;;1-4(2)3/q2*+1;-2 | InChI = 1/2K.O3Si/c;;1-4(2)3/q2*+1;-2
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N | StdInChIKey = NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| InChIKey = NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYAP}} | InChIKey = NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYAP}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |Section2={{Chembox Properties
| K = 2 | K=2 | O=3 | Si=1
| Appearance = White crystals
| O = 3
}}
| Si = 1
|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry
| ExactMass = 153.889084121 g mol<sup>-1</sup>
| DeltaHf =
| Appearance = White crystals}}
| Entropy =
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
}}
| DeltaHf =
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| Entropy =
| ExternalSDS =
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| NFPA-H = 1
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| NFPA-F = 0
| ExternalMSDS =
| NFPA-R = 0
| EUIndex =
| NFPA-S =
| EUClass = Corrosive ('''C'''), Irritant ('''Xi''')
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}}{{GHS07}}
| NFPA-H = 1
| NFPA-F = 0 | GHSSignalWord = Danger
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|314|335}}
| NFPA-R = 0
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|260|261|264|271|280|301+330+331|303+361+353|304+340|305+351+338|310|312|321|363|403+233|405|501}}
| NFPA-O =
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| RPhrases = {{R34}}, {{R37}}
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| SPhrases = {{S1/2}}, {{S13}}, {{S24/25}}, {{S36/37/39}}, {{S45}}
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'''Potassium silicate''' is the name for a family of ]s. The most common potassium silicate has the formula K<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub>, samples of which contain varying amounts of ]. These are white solids or colorless solutions.<ref name=Ullmann>Gerard Lagaly, Werner Tufar, A. Minihan, A. Lovell "Silicates" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, 2005. {{doi|10.1002/14356007.a23_661}}</ref>

==Synthesis, structure, reactions==
Potassium silicate can be synthesized in the laboratory by treating silica with ], according to this idealized equation:
:<chem>\mathit{n}{SiO2} + 2KOH -> K2O.\mathit{n}{SiO2} + H2O</chem>
These solutions are highly alkaline. Addition of acids causes the reformation of silica.

K<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> adopts a chain or cyclic structures with interlinked ]<sup>2−</sup> monomers. Each Si is tetrahedral.

==Uses==

===Woodwork protection against fire===
Impregnation of wood with a potassium silicate solution is an easy and low-cost way for rendering the woodwork of houses secure against catching fire. The woodwork is first saturated with a diluted and nearly neutral solution of potash silicate. After drying, one or two coats of a more concentrated solution are usually applied.<ref>{{cite book | first = Rolfe | last = Cobleigh | year = 1909 | title = Handy farm devices and how to make them. Part II: Worth knowing to render wood fireproof <!--| publisher double? = Associate Editor American Agriculturist -->| location = New York | publisher = Orange Judd | url = http://www.journeytoforever.org/farm_library/device/devicesToC.html}}</ref>

===Horticulture===
In ], potassium silicate is used as a soluble source of ] and ]. It makes the growing medium more alkaline.

It is also used as a supplement (in conjunction with normal ]) for the numerous benefits that increasing the availability of silicon compounds has. Silicon-containing compounds are valuable to a plant, and serve to support the plant. Stems thicken, the plant becomes more tolerant to drought and resists wilting, and the plant gets larger leaves and fruit (because the stem can support more weight).<ref>S. Y. Wang & G. J. Galletta (1998) Foliar application of potassium silicate induces metabolic changes in strawberry plants, Journal of Plant Nutrition, 21:1, 157-167, {{doi|10.1080/01904169809365390}}</ref> The thicker cell walls of the plant also provides an added mechanical resistance to sap-sucking insects (e.g. ]) and various pathogenic fungi (e.g. ]).

===Industrial uses===
Some metal cleaning formulations use potassium silicate, which also serves as a corrosion inhibitor.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Elmore AR |title=Final report on the safety assessment of potassium silicate, sodium metasilicate, and sodium silicate |journal=Int. J. Toxicol. |volume=24 |issue=Suppl 1 |pages=103–17 |year=2005 |pmid=15981734 |doi= 10.1080/10915810590918643|s2cid=208153862 }}</ref> It also finds various uses in the fabrication of ] and cosmetics.

=== Silicon Dioxide production ===
Potassium silicate may also be employed in ] as an intermediate step in obtaining relatively pure and cheap ] for further processing (e.g. for ]).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mori |first=H. |date=2003-08-01 |title=Extraction of silicon dioxide from waste colored glasses by alkali fusion using potassium hydroxide |url=https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025100901693 |journal=Journal of Materials Science |language=en |volume=38 |issue=16 |pages=3461–3468 |doi=10.1023/A:1025100901693 |issn=1573-4803}}</ref>

==Safety==
Potassium silicate is strongly alkaline.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mori |first=H. |date=2003-08-01 |title=Extraction of silicon dioxide from waste colored glasses by alkali fusion using potassium hydroxide |url=https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025100901693 |journal=Journal of Materials Science |language=en |volume=38 |issue=16 |pages=3461–3468 |doi=10.1023/A:1025100901693 |issn=1573-4803}}</ref>

==See also==
* ]
* ]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==

{{Potassium compounds}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Potassium Silicate}}
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