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{{chembox {{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
⚫ | verifiedrevid = 417316717
| Watchedfields = changed
⚫ | Name = Praseodymium(III) chloride
⚫ | verifiedrevid = 428906341
⚫ | ImageFile = Praseodymium(III)-chloride-heptahydrate.jpg
⚫ | Name = Praseodymium(III) chloride
⚫ | ImageFileL1 = UCl3.png
⚫ | ImageFile1 = Praseodymium(III)-chloride-heptahydrate.jpg
| ImageFile2 =
⚫ | ImageFileL1 = UCl3 without caption.png
| ImageFileR1 = Cerium bromide (space filling) 2.png | ImageFileR1 = Cerium bromide (space filling) 2.png
| ImageName = | ImageName =
| IUPACName = Praseodymium(III) chloride | IUPACName = Praseodymium(III) chloride
| OtherNames = Praseodymium chloride; praseodymium trichloride | OtherNames = Praseodymium chloride; praseodymium trichloride
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
⚫ | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 10361-79-2 | CASNo = 10361-79-2
⚫ | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite}}

⚫ | RTECS =
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|changed|FDA}}
| UNII = 1JB99PM4G8

⚫ | RTECS =
| PubChem = 66317
| InChI = 1S/3ClH.Pr/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3
| SMILES = Cl(Cl)Cl
}} }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = PrCl<sub>3</sub> | Formula = PrCl<sub>3</sub>
| MolarMass = 247.24 g/mol (anhydrous)<br/>373.77 g/mol (heptahydrate) | MolarMass = 247.24 g/mol (anhydrous)<br/>373.77 g/mol (heptahydrate)
| Appearance = blue-green solid (anhydrous)<br/>light green solid (heptahydrate) | Appearance = blue-green solid (anhydrous)<br/>light green solid (heptahydrate)
| Density = 4.02 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (anhydrous)<br/>2.250 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (heptahydrate) | Density = 4.02 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (anhydrous)<br/>2.250 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (heptahydrate)
| Solubility = 104.0 g/100 ml (13°C) | Solubility = 104.0 g/100 ml (13 °C)
| MeltingPt = 786 °C | MeltingPtC = 786
| BoilingPt = 1710 °C | BoilingPtC = 1710
| pKa = | pKa =
| pKb = | pKb =
| MagSus = +44.5·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
}} }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure |Section3={{Chembox Structure
| Coordination = Tricapped trigonal prismatic<br />(nine-coordinate) | Coordination = Tricapped trigonal prismatic<br />(nine-coordinate)
| CrystalStruct = ] (]), ] | CrystalStruct = ] (]), ]
| SpaceGroup = P6<sub>3</sub>/m, No. 176 | SpaceGroup = P6<sub>3</sub>/m, No. 176
}} }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards |Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalMSDS = | ExternalSDS =
⚫ | MainHazards = Irritant
| EUIndex = Not listed
| FlashPt =
⚫ | MainHazards = Irritant
| FlashPt = | HPhrases =
| RPhrases = | PPhrases =
| SPhrases = | GHS_ref =
}} }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related |Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = ]<br/>]<br/>] | OtherAnions = ], ]<br/>]<br/>]
| OtherCations = ]<br/>] | OtherCations = ]<br/>]
}} }}
}} }}


'''Praseodymium(III) chloride''' is the ] with the ] ]]<sub>3</sub>. It is a blue-green solid that rapidly absorbs water on exposure to moist air to form a light green hepta]. '''Praseodymium(III) chloride''' is the ] with the ] ]]<sub>3</sub>. Like other ]s, it exists both in the anhydrous and hydrated forms. It is a blue-green solid that rapidly absorbs water on exposure to moist air to form a light green hepta].


==Preparation== ==Preparation==
Praseodymium(III) chloride is prepared by treating praseodymium metal and ]:<ref name=ref7 /><ref name=ref6>L. F. Druding, J. D. Corbett, ''J. Am. Chem. Soc.'' '''83''', 2462 (1961); J. D. Corbett, ''Rev. Chim. Minerale'' '''10''', 239 (1973)<sup>,</sup></ref> Praseodymium(III) chloride is prepared by treating praseodymium metal with ]:<ref name=ref7 /><ref name=ref6>{{cite journal|url=https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01472a010|author1=L.F. Druding|author2= J.D. Corbett|title=Lower Oxidation States of the Lanthanides. Neodymium(II) Chloride and Iodide|journal=J. Am. Chem. Soc.|volume=83|issue=11|pages=2462-2467|date=1961-06-01|doi=10.1021/ja01472a010}}</ref>

:2 Pr + 6 HCl → 2 PrCl<sub>3</sub> + 3 H<sub>2</sub> :2 Pr + 6 HCl → 2 PrCl<sub>3</sub> + 3 H<sub>2</sub>
It is usually purified by vacuum sublimation.<ref name=ref1 /> It is usually purified by vacuum sublimation.<ref name=ref1 />


Hydrated salts of praseodymium(III) chloride can be prpared by treatment of either praseodymium metal or praseodymium(III) carbonate with ]: Hydrated salts of praseodymium(III) chloride can be prepared by treatment of either praseodymium metal or praseodymium(III) carbonate with ]:
:Pr<sub>2</sub>(CO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub> + 6 HCl + 15 H<sub>2</sub>O → 2 Cl<sub>3</sub> + 3 CO<sub>2</sub> :Pr<sub>2</sub>(CO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub> + 6 HCl + 15 H<sub>2</sub>O → 2 Cl<sub>3</sub> + 3 CO<sub>2</sub>


Anhydrous PrCl<sub>3</sub> can be made by thermal dehydration of the hydrate at 400 °C in the presence of ].<ref name=ref1 /><ref name=ref4>M. D. Taylor, P. C. Carter, ''J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem.'' '''24''', 387 (1962); J. Kutscher, A. Schneider, ''Inorg. Nucl. Chem. Lett.'' '''7''', 815 (1971).</ref> Alternatively the hydrate can be dehydrated using ].<ref name=ref1/><ref name=ref5>J. H. Freeman, M. L. Smith, ''J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem.'' '''7''', 224 (1958).</ref> PrCl<sub>3</sub>∙7H<sub>2</sub>O is a hygroscopic substance, that will not crystallize from the ] unless it is left to dry in a desiccator. Anhydrous PrCl<sub>3</sub> can be made by thermal dehydration of the hydrate at 400&nbsp;°C in the presence of ], the so-called ].<ref name=ref1 /><ref name=ref4>{{cite journal|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0022190262800347|author1=M.D. Taylor|author2=P.C. Carter|title= Preparation of anhydrous lanthanide halides, especially iodides|journal=J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem.|volume=24|issue=4|pages=387-391|date=April 1962|doi=10.1016/0022-1902(62)80034-7}}</ref><ref name="Kutscher">{{cite journal|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0020165071802532|author1=J. Kutscher|author2=A. Schneider|title=Notiz zur Präparation von wasserfreien Lanthaniden-Haloge-niden, Insbesondere von Jodiden|journal=Inorg. Nucl. Chem. Lett.|volume=7|issue=9|pages=815-819|date=September 1971|doi=10.1016/0020-1650(71)80253-2|language=de}}</ref> Alternatively the hydrate can be dehydrated using ].<ref name=ref1/><ref name=ref5>{{cite journal|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0022190258800731|author1=J.H. Freeman|author2=M.L. Smith|title=The preparation of anhydrous inorganic chlorides by dehydration with thionyl chloride|journal=J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem.|volume=7|issue=3|pages=224-227|date=October 1958|doi=10.1016/0022-1902(58)80073-1}}</ref>


==Reactions== ==Reactions==
Praseodymium(III) chloride is ]ic, classified as "hard" according to the ]. Rapid heating of the ] may cause small amounts of ].<ref name=ref1>F. T. Edelmann, P. Poremba, in: ''Synthetic Methods of Organometallic and Inorganic Chemistry'', (W. A. Herrmann, ed.), Vol. 6, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1997.</ref> PrCl<sub>3</sub> forms a stable Lewis acid-base complex K<sub>2</sub>PrCl<sub>5</sub> by reaction with ]; this compound shows interesting ] and ] properties.<ref name=ref7>J. Cybinska, J. Sokolnicki, J. Legendziewicz, G. Meyer ''Journal of Alloys and Compounds'' '''341''', 115-123 (2002).</ref> Praseodymium(III) chloride is ]ic, classified as "hard" according to the ]. Rapid heating of the ] may cause small amounts of ].<ref name=ref1>{{cite book|author1=F.T. Edelmann|author2= P. Poremba|title=Synthetic Methods of Organometallic and Inorganic Chemistry|volume=6|publisher= Georg Thieme Verlag|location=Stuttgart|date= 1997|isbn=978-31-319-3921-0}}</ref> PrCl<sub>3</sub> forms a stable Lewis acid-base complex K<sub>2</sub>PrCl<sub>5</sub> by reaction with ]; this compound shows interesting ] and ] properties.<ref name=ref7>{{cite journal|url=https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Spectroscopic-and-magnetic-studies-of-the-ternary-Cybi%C5%84ska-Sokolnicki/2af96eacdd78d2ec04ac3c0342ca6d875f76130e|author1=J. Cybinska|author2= J. Sokolnicki|author3= J. Legendziewicz|author4= G. Meyer|title=Spectroscopic and magnetic studies of the ternary praseodymium chloride K<sub>2</sub>PrCl<sub>5</sub>|journal=Journal of Alloys and Compounds|volume=341|pages=115–123|date=2002-07-17|doi=10.1016/S0925-8388(02)00089-0}}</ref>


] solutions of praseodymium(III) chloride can be used to prepare insoluble praseodymium(III) compounds. For example, praseodymium(III) phosphate and praseodymium(III) fluoride can be prepared by reaction with ] and ], respectively: ] solutions of praseodymium(III) chloride can be used to prepare insoluble praseodymium(III) compounds. For example, praseodymium(III) phosphate and praseodymium(III) fluoride can be prepared by reaction with ] and ], respectively:
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:PrCl<sub>3</sub> + K<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> → PrPO<sub>4</sub> + 3 KCl :PrCl<sub>3</sub> + K<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> → PrPO<sub>4</sub> + 3 KCl
:PrCl<sub>3</sub> + 3 NaF → PrF<sub>3</sub> + 3 NaCl :PrCl<sub>3</sub> + 3 NaF → PrF<sub>3</sub> + 3 NaCl
:2PrCl<sub>3</sub> + 3 Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>----> Pr<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> + 6NaCl
⚫ When heated with alkali metal chlorides, it forms a series of ternary (compounds containing three different elements) materials with the formulae MPr<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>7</sub>, M<sub>3</sub>PrCl<sub>6</sub>, M<sub>2</sub>PrCl<sub>5</sub>, and M<sub>3</sub>Pr<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>9</sub> where M = K, Rb, Cs.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Gerd Meyer|title=Ternary Chlorides and Bromides of the Rare-Earth Elements|journal=Inorganic Syntheses|year=1990|volume=30|pages=72–81|doi=10.1002/9780470132616.ch15}}</ref>


]
⚫ When heated with alkali metal chlorides, it forms a series of ternary (compounds containing three different elements) materials with the formulae MPr<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>7</sub>, M<sub>3</sub>PrCl<sub>6</sub>, M<sub>2</sub>PrCl<sub>5</sub>, and M<sub>3</sub>Pr<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>9</sub> where M = K, Rb, Cs.<ref>Gerd Meyer "Ternary Chlorides and Bromides of the Rare-Earth Elements" Inorganic Syntheses, 1990, Volume 30, pp. 72–81. {{DOI|10.1002/9780470132616.ch15}}</ref>


==References== ==References==
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#<!--old 2--> ''CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics'' (58th edition), CRC Press, West Palm Beach, Florida, 1977. #<!--old 2--> ''CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics'' (58th edition), CRC Press, West Palm Beach, Florida, 1977.
#<!--old 3--> N. N. Greenwood, A. Earnshaw, ''Chemistry of the Elements'', Pergamon Press, 1984. #<!--old 3--> N. N. Greenwood, A. Earnshaw, ''Chemistry of the Elements'', Pergamon Press, 1984.
#<!--old 8--> S. Sugiyama, T. Miyamoto, H. Hayashi, M. Tanaka, J. B. Moffat ''Journal of Molecular Catalysis A'', '''118''', 129-136 (1997). #<!--old 8--> S. Sugiyama, T. Miyamoto, H. Hayashi, M. Tanaka, J. B. Moffatt, "Effects of chlorine additives in the gas- and solid-phases on the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane over praseodymium oxide", ''Journal of Molecular Catalysis A'', '''118''', 129-136 (1997).
#<!--old 9--> {{cite journal #<!--old 9--> {{cite journal
| title = Rare Earth Metal-Metal Halide Systems. VI. Praseodymium Chloride | title = Rare Earth Metal-Metal Halide Systems. VI. Praseodymium Chloride
| author = Druding L. F., Corbett J. D., Ramsey B. N. |author1=Druding L. F. |author2=Corbett J. D. |author3=Ramsey B. N. | journal = ]
| journal = ]
| year = 1963 | year = 1963
| volume = 2 | volume = 2
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{{Praseodymium compounds}} {{Praseodymium compounds}}
{{Chlorides}}
{{Lanthanide halides}}


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