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Revision as of 04:07, 24 August 2011 editMaterialscientist (talk | contribs)Edit filter managers, Autopatrolled, Checkusers, Administrators1,994,283 editsm better structural image, details from source← Previous edit Latest revision as of 03:11, 28 July 2024 edit undoSmokefoot (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers74,550 edits Structure and preparation: clean up capitalization 
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{{chembox {{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 394346571 | verifiedrevid = 446433733
| ImageFile =ReCl5structure.png | ImageFile = ReCl5structure.png
| IUPACName = Rhenium pentachloride
| OtherNames = Rhenium(V) chloride, Rhenium chloride, pentachlororhenium | IUPACName = Rhenium pentachloride
| OtherNames = Rhenium(V) chloride, Rhenium chloride, pentachlororhenium
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CASNo = 13596-35-5 | CASNo = 13596-35-5
| PubChem = 83602
| EINECS = 237-042-6
| ChemSpiderID = 75428
| InChI = 1/5ClH.Re/h5*1H;/q;;;;;+5/p-5/rCl5Re/c1-6(2,3,4)5
| InChIKey = XZQYTGKSBZGQMO-PXGBCINVAP
| StdInChI = 1S/5ClH.Re/h5*1H;/q;;;;;+5/p-5
| StdInChIKey = XZQYTGKSBZGQMO-UHFFFAOYSA-I
| SMILES = Cl(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl
| SMILES_Comment = ]
| SMILES1 = Cl1(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)(1)(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl
| SMILES1_Comment = ]
}} }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = ReCl<sub>5</sub> | Formula = ReCl<sub>5</sub>
| MolarMass = 363.471 g/mol | MolarMass = 363.471 g/mol
| Appearance = red-brown | Appearance = red-brown
| Density = 4.9 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, solid | Density = 4.9 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, solid
| Solubility = Will react to decompose and release HCl (g) | Solubility = Will react to decompose and release HCl (g)
| MeltingPt = 220 °C | MeltingPtC = 220
| BoilingPt = N/A | BoilingPt = N/A
| pKa = | pKa =
| MagSus = +1225.0·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
}} }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure | Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| MolShape = Octahedral | MolShape = Octahedral
| CrystalStruct = ], ]; a = 0.924 nm, b = 1.154 nm, c = 1.203 nm, α = 90°, β = 109.1°, γ = 90° <ref name=s1/> | CrystalStruct = ], ]; a = 0.924 nm, b = 1.154 nm, c = 1.203 nm, α = 90°, β = 109.1°, γ = 90° <ref name=s1/>
| SpaceGroup = P2<sub>1</sub>/c, No. 14 | SpaceGroup = P2<sub>1</sub>/c, No. 14
}}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalMSDS =
| RSPhrases = ]: 36, 37, 38
| MainHazards = releases HCl upon hydrolysis
| NFPA-H = 1 | NFPA-R = 0 | NFPA-O = <s>W</s> }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = Rhenium hexafluoride
| Function = compounds
| OtherFunctn = ], rhenium tetrachloride, rhenium hexachloride
}} }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS =
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS07}}
| GHSSignalWord = warning
| HPhrases = {{HPhrases|H315|H319|H335}}
| PPhrases = {{PPhrases|P261| P264, |P271|, P280|, P302+P352,| P304+P340,| P305+P351+P338,| P312,| P321,| P332+P313,| P337+P313,| P362|, P403+P233,| P405|P501}}
| GHS_ref = <ref>GHS: </ref>
| MainHazards = releases HCl upon hydrolysis
| NFPA-H = 1 | NFPA-R = 0 | NFPA-S = W }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = ]
| OtherCations = ]
| OtherFunction_label = ] ]s
| OtherFunction = {{ubl
|]
|]
|]
}}
}}
}} }}


'''Rhenium pentachloride''' is an ] of ] and ]. The compound has the formula Re<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>10</sub> but it is usually referred to as the pentachloride. It is a red-brown <!--diamagnetic??--> solid. It is the highest chloride of rhenium. '''Rhenium pentachloride''' is an ] with the formula {{chem2|Re2Cl10}}. This red-brown solid<ref name=Linc/> is ].<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1021/ja00534a001 |title=Bridged and Unbridged M<sub>2</sub>L<sub>10</sub> Complexes |date=1980 |last1=Shaik |first1=Sason |last2=Hoffmann |first2=Roald |last3=Fisel |first3=C. Richard |last4=Summerville |first4=Richard H. |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |volume=102 |issue=14 |pages=4555–4572 }}</ref>


==Structure and preparation== ==Structure and preparation==
Rhenium pentachloride has a bioctahedral structure and can be formulated as Cl<sub>4</sub>Re(μ-Cl)<sub>2</sub>ReCl<sub>4</sub>. The Re-Re distance is 3.74 Å.<ref name=s1>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1107/S0567740868003316 | title = The crystal structure of ReCl<sub>5</sub> | year = 1968 | author = Mucker, K. F. | journal = Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry | volume = 24 | pages = 874 | last2 = Smith | first2 = G. S. | last3 = Johnson | first3 = Q. | issue = 6}}</ref> The motif is similar to that seen for ]. Rhenium pentachloride has a ] and can be described as Cl<sub>4</sub>Re(μ-Cl)<sub>2</sub>ReCl<sub>4</sub>. The (μ-Cl)<sub>2</sub> part of this formula indicates that two chloride ligands are ]s, i.e. they connect to two Re atoms. The Re-Re distance is 3.74 Å.<ref name=s1>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1107/S0567740868003316 | title = The crystal structure of ReCl<sub>5</sub> | year = 1968 | author = Mucker, K. F. | journal = Acta Crystallographica Section B | volume = 24 | pages = 874 | last2 = Smith | first2 = G. S. | last3 = Johnson | first3 = Q. | issue = 6| bibcode = 1968AcCrB..24..874M | url = http://journals.iucr.org/b/issues/1968/06/00/a06172/a06172.pdf }}</ref> The motif is similar to that seen for ].


This compound was first prepared in 1933,<ref>{{cite journal | author = Geilmann, Wilhelm; Wrigge, Friedrich W.; ]. | title = Rheniumpentachlorid | language = German | journal = ] | year = 1933 | volume = 214 | pages = 244 | doi = 10.1002/zaac.19332140304 | issue = 3}}</ref> a few years after the discovery of rhenium. The preparation involves ] of rhenium at temperatures up to 900 °C.<ref>Roger Lincoln, Geoffrey Wilkinson "Rhenium Pentachloride and Volatile Metal Chlorides by Direct Chlorination Using a Vertical-Tube Reactor" Inorganic Syntheses, 1980, Volume 20, Pages 41–43. {{DOI|10.1002/9780470132517.ch11}}.</ref> The material can be purified by sublimation. This compound was first prepared in 1933,<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Geilmann, Wilhelm |author2=Wrigge, Friedrich W. |author3=]. | title = Rheniumpentachlorid | language = German | journal = ] | year = 1933 | volume = 214 | pages = 244 | doi = 10.1002/zaac.19332140304 | issue = 3}}</ref> a few years after the discovery of rhenium. The preparation involves ] of rhenium at temperatures up to 900&nbsp;°C.<ref name=Linc>Roger Lincoln, Geoffrey Wilkinson "Rhenium Pentachloride and Volatile Metal Chlorides by Direct Chlorination Using a Vertical-Tube Reactor" Inorganic Syntheses, 1980, Volume 20, Pages 41–43. {{doi|10.1002/9780470132517.ch11}}.</ref> The material can be purified by sublimation.


Being formed by burning Re metal in chlorine, ReCl<sub>5</sub> is the most oxidized binary chloride of Re. With a d<sup>2</sup> configuration, ReCl<sub>5</sub> could conceivably be further chlorinated. Rhenium hexachloride (ReCl<sub>6</sub>) is uncertain, but rhenium hexafluoride and heptafluorides are known.<ref>Stuart A. Macgregor and Klaus H. Moock "Stabilization of High Oxidation States in Transition Metals. 2.1 WCl6 Oxidizes -, but Would PtCl6 Oxidize -? An Electrochemical and Computational Study of 5d Transition Metal Halides: z versus z (M = Ta to Pt; z = 0, 1−, 2−)" ReCl<sub>5</sub> is one of the most oxidized binary chlorides of Re. It does not undergo further chlorination. ] has been prepared from ].<ref>{{ cite journal | first1 = Farhad | last1 = Tamadon | first2 = Konrad | last2 = Seppelt | title = The Elusive Halides VCl<sub>5</sub>, MoCl<sub>6</sub>, and ReCl<sub>6</sub> | journal = ] | year = 2013 | volume = 52 | issue = 2 | pages = 767–769 | doi = 10.1002/anie.201207552 | pmid = 23172658 }}</ref> ] is known but not the heptachloride.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/ic9605736 |title=Stabilization of High Oxidation States in Transition Metals. 2. WCl<sub>6</sub> Oxidizes &#91;WF<sub>6</sub>&#93;<sup>-</sup>, but Would PtCl<sub>6</sub> Oxidize &#91;PtF<sub>6</sub>&#93;<sup>-</sup>? An Electrochemical and Computational Study of 5d Transition Metal Halides: &#91;MF<sub>6</sub>&#93; <i><sup>z</sup></i> versus &#91;MCl<sub>6</sub>&#93; <i><sup>z</sup></i> (M = Ta to Pt; ''z'' = 0, 1−, 2−) |date=1998 |last1=MacGregor |first1=Stuart A. |last2=Moock |first2=Klaus H. |journal=Inorganic Chemistry |volume=37 |issue=13 |pages=3284–3292 }}</ref>
pp 3284–3292. {{DOI|10.1021/ic9605736}}</ref>


==Uses and reactions== ==Uses and reactions==
It degrades in air to a brown liquid.<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1039/J19700001617 | title = Some reactions of rhenium(V) chloride | year = 1970 | author = Edwards, D. A. | journal = Journal of the Chemical Society a Inorganic Physical Theoretical | pages = 1617 | last2 = Ward | first2 = R. T.}}</ref> It degrades in air to a brown liquid.<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1039/J19700001617 | title = Some reactions of rhenium(V) chloride | year = 1970 | author = Edwards, D. A. | journal = Journal of the Chemical Society A | pages = 1617 | last2 = Ward | first2 = R. T.}}</ref>


Although rhenium pentachloride has no commercial applications, it is of historic significance as one of the early catalysts for ].<ref>Ring-opening polymerization of endo and exo-dicyclopentadiene and their 7,8-dihydro derivatives, Hamilton, J.G.; Ivin, K.J.; Rooney, J.J. ''Journal of Molecular Catalysis'' '''1986''' , 36, 115.</ref> Reduction gives ]. Although rhenium pentachloride has no commercial applications, it is of historic significance as one of the early catalysts for ].<ref>Ring-opening polymerization of endo and exo-dicyclopentadiene and their 7,8-dihydro derivatives, Hamilton, J.G.; Ivin, K.J.; Rooney, J.J. ''Journal of Molecular Catalysis'' '''1986''' , 36, 115.</ref> Reduction gives ].


Oxygenation affords the Re(VII) oxychloride:<ref>{{Housecroft2nd}}</ref> Oxygenation affords the Re(VII) oxychloride:<ref>{{Housecroft2nd}}</ref>
:ReCl<sub>5</sub> + 3 Cl<sub>2</sub>O → ReO<sub>3</sub>Cl + 5 Cl<sub>2</sub> :ReCl<sub>5</sub> + 3 Cl<sub>2</sub>O ReO<sub>3</sub>Cl + 5 Cl<sub>2</sub>

Comproportionation of the penta- and trichloride gives ].


==References== ==References==
<references/> <references/>


==External links==
*
{{Rhenium compounds}} {{Rhenium compounds}}
{{Chlorides}}


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