Misplaced Pages

:WikiProject Chemicals/Chembox validation/VerifiedDataSandbox and TATB: Difference between pages - Misplaced Pages

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
(Difference between pages)
Page 1
Page 2
Content deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 18:32, 9 January 2012 editBeetstra (talk | contribs)Edit filter managers, Administrators172,031 edits Saving copy of the {{chembox}} taken from revid 444253987 of page TATB for the Chem/Drugbox validation project (updated: 'CASNo').  Latest revision as of 10:11, 1 November 2024 edit Bruce1ee (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers267,769 editsm fixed lint errors – missing end tag 
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Distinguish|text=], a highly sensitive ]}}
{{ambox | text = This page contains a copy of the infobox ({{tl|chembox}}) taken from revid of page ] with values updated to verified values.}}
{{chembox {{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed | Verifiedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 414618644 | verifiedrevid = 470476118
| ImageFile = Triaminotrinitrobenzene.png | ImageFile = Triaminotrinitrobenzene.png
| ImageFile1 = TATB-3D-vdW.png | ImageFile1 = TATB-3D-vdW.png
| ImageSize = 150px | ImageSize = 150px
| IUPACName = 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene | PIN = 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene-1,3,5-triamine
| OtherNames = | OtherNames =
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 17272 | ChemSpiderID = 17272
Line 17: Line 17:
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = JDFUJAMTCCQARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N | StdInChIKey = JDFUJAMTCCQARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = <!-- blanked - oldvalue: 3058-38-6 -->
| CASNo = 3058-38-6

| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}

| UNII = CJP3UNX7Z7
| PubChem = 18286 | PubChem = 18286
| SMILES = c1(c(c(c(c(c1(=O))N)(=O))N)(=O))N | SMILES = c1(c(c(c(c(c1(=O))N)(=O))N)(=O))N
}} }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |Section2={{Chembox Properties
| C = 6 | H = 6 | N = 6 | O = 6 | C=6 | H=6 | N=6 | O=6
| MolarMass = 258.15 g/mol | MolarMass = 258.15 g/mol
| Appearance = Yellow or brown powdered crystals (]) | Appearance = Yellow or brown powdered crystals (])
Line 29: Line 34:
| BoilingPt = | BoilingPt =
| Solubility = }} | Solubility = }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards |Section3={{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards = | MainHazards =
| FlashPt = | FlashPt =
| Autoignition = }} | AutoignitionPt = }}
| Section6 = {{Chembox Explosive |Section6={{Chembox Explosive
| ShockSens = Insensitive | ShockSens = Insensitive
| FrictionSens = Insensitive | FrictionSens = Insensitive
| ExplosiveV = 7350 ] | DetonationV = 7350 ] (at 1.80 g/cm<sup>3</sup>)
| REFactor = }} | REFactor = }}
}} }}

'''TATB''', '''triaminotrinitrobenzene''' or '''2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene''' is an ] explosive, based on the basic six-carbon ] ring structure with three ]s (NO<sub>2</sub>) and three ] (NH<sub>2</sub>) groups attached, alternating around the ring.

TATB is a very powerful explosive (somewhat less powerful than ], but more than ]), but it is extremely insensitive to ], ], ], or ]. Because it is so difficult to detonate by accident, even under severe conditions, it has become preferred for applications where extreme ] is required, such as the explosives used in ]s, where accidental detonation during an airplane crash or rocket misfiring could potentially detonate the fissile core. All British ]s use TATB-based explosives in their ].<ref>, UK MOD position statement, 23 January 2006</ref> According to ], ] used TATB to increase their safety.<ref name="Albright">{{cite magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VAwAAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA37|author=David Albright|magazine=Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists|title=South Africa and the Affordable Bomb|date=July 1994|page=44}}</ref>

TATB is normally used as the explosive ingredient in ] compositions, such as PBX-9502, LX-17-0, and PBX-9503 (with 15% ]). These formulations are described as ] (IHEs) in nuclear weapons literature.

Though it could theoretically be mixed with other explosive compounds in ] mixtures or other use forms, the applications for such forms would be unclear since they would largely undo the insensitivity of pure TATB.

==Properties==

At a pressed density of 1.80, TATB has a velocity of ] of 7,350 meters per second.

TATB has a crystal density of 1.93 grams/cm<sup>3</sup>, though most forms currently in use have no higher density than 1.80 grams/cm<sup>3</sup>. TATB melts at 350&nbsp;°C. The chemical formula for TATB is C<sub>6</sub>(NO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>.

Pure TATB has a bright yellow color.

TATB has been found to remain stable at temperatures at least as high as 250&nbsp;°C for prolonged periods of time.

==Production==

TATB is produced by ] of ] to ], then the chlorine atoms are ] with amine groups using ammonolysis.

However, it is likely that the production of TATB will be switched over to a process involving the nitration and ] of ], since this process is milder, cheaper, and reduces the amount of ] salt produced in waste effluents (greener){{citation needed|date=October 2012}}.

Still another process has been found for the production of TATB from materials that are surplus to military use. ] (TMHI) is formed from the rocket fuel unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (]) and ], and acts as a ] (VNS) ] reagent. When ], which is easily produced from ], is reacted with TMHI it is aminated to TATB.<ref>{{cite tech report|last1=Mitchell |first1=Alexander R.|first2=P. F. |last2=Pagoria|first3=R. D. |last3=Schmidt|title=Conversion of the Rocket Propellant UDMH to a Reagent Useful in Vicarious Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions|url=https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc670413/m2/1/high_res_d/226422.pdf|publisher=Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory|number=UCRL-JC-122489|date=10 November 1995|s2cid=54794595}}</ref> Thus, materials that would have to be destroyed when no longer needed are converted into a high value explosive.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/S0040-6031(01)00806-1 |title=Advances in the chemical conversion of surplus energetic materials to higher value products |year=2002 |last1=Mitchell |first1=Alexander R. |last2=Coburn |first2=Michael D. |last3=Schmidt |first3=Robert D. |last4=Pagoria |first4=Philip F. |last5=Lee |first5=Gregory S. |journal=Thermochimica Acta |volume=384 |issue=1–2 |pages=205–217 }}</ref>

==See also==
*]
*]
*]

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
* Cooper, Paul W., ''Explosives Engineering'', New York: Wiley-VCH, 1996. {{ISBN|0-471-18636-8}}

]
]
]