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{{chembox |
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{{chembox |
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| verifiedrevid = 408887620 |
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| Name = Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)platinum(0) |
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| ImageFile = Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)platinum(0)-3D-sticks.png |
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| Name = Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine){{shy}}platinum(0) |
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| ImageFile = Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)platinum(0)-3D-sticks.png |
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| ImageSize = 180px |
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| ImageSize = 180px |
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| ImageName = 3D model of the tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)platinum(0) molecule |
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| IUPACName = Tetrakis(triphenylphosphane)platinum(0) |
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| ImageName = 3D model of the tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)platinum(0) molecule |
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| OtherNames = Tetrakis(triphenylphosphane)platinum(0)<br /> TPP platinum(0) |
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| IUPACName = Tetrakis(triphenylphosphane)platinum(0) |
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| OtherNames = Tetrakis(triphenylphosphane)platinum(0)<br /> TPP platinum(0) |
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} |
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| CASNo = 14221-02-4 |
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| PubChem = 11979705 |
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| CASNo = 14221-02-4 |
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| ChemSpiderID = 10152943 |
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| RTECS = Unregistered |
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| EC_number = 238-087-4 |
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| PubChem = 11979705 |
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| RTECS = |
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| StdInChI=1S/4C18H15P.Pt/c4*1-4-10-16(11-5-1)19(17-12-6-2-7-13-17)18-14-8-3-9-15-18;/h4*1-15H; |
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| StdInChIKey = SYKXNRFLNZUGAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| SMILES = c0ccccc0(c0ccccc0)(c0ccccc0)((c0ccccc0)(c0ccccc0)c0ccccc0)((c0ccccc0)(c0ccccc0)c0ccccc0)(c0ccccc0)(c0ccccc0)c0ccccc0 |
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}} |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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|Section2={{Chembox Properties |
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| C = 72 | H = 60 | P = 4 | Pt = 1 |
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| Formula = {{carbon}}<sub>72</sub>{{hydrogen}}<sub>60</sub>{{phosphorus}}<sub>4</sub>{{platinum}} |
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| Appearance = yellow crystals |
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| MolarMass = 1244.24 g/mol |
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| Density = |
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| Appearance = yellow crystals |
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| Density = |
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| Solubility = Insoluble |
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| MeltingPtC = 160 |
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| Solubility = Insoluble |
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| MeltingPtC = 160 |
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| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure |
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|Section3={{Chembox Structure |
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| MolShape = ] |
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| MolShape = ] |
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| Coordination = four ] unidentate<br /> ]s attached to a central ](0)<br /> atom in a ] geometry |
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| Coordination = four ] unidentate<br /> ]s attached to a central ](0)<br /> atom in a ] geometry |
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| CrystalStruct = |
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| CrystalStruct = |
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| Dipole = 0 ] |
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| Dipole = 0 ] |
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| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards |
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|Section7={{Chembox Hazards |
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| ExternalMSDS = |
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| ExternalSDS = |
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| MainHazards = PPh<sub>3</sub> is an irritant |
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| MainHazards = PPh<sub>3</sub> is an irritant |
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| NFPA-H = 2 |
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| NFPA-H = 2 |
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| NFPA-F = 1 |
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| NFPA-F = 1 |
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| NFPA-R = |
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| NFPA-R = |
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| GHS_ref=<ref>{{cite web |title=C&L Inventory |url=https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/cl-inventory-database/-/discli/details/123977 |website=echa.europa.eu}}</ref> |
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| RPhrases = n/a |
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| SPhrases = {{S24/25}} |
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| GHSPictograms = {{GHS07}} |
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| GHSSignalWord = Warning |
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| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|302}} |
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| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|}} |
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}} |
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| Section8 = {{Chembox Related |
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|Section8={{Chembox Related |
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| Function = ] |
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| OtherFunction_label = ] |
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| OtherFunctn = ]<br /> tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)nickel(0)<br /> tris(triphenylphosphine)platinum(0) |
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| OtherFunction = ]<br /> tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)nickel(0)<br /> tris(triphenylphosphine)platinum(0) |
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| OtherCpds = ] |
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| OtherCompounds = ] |
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'''Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)platinum(0)''' is the ] with the ] Pt(P(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>, often abbreviated Pt(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>. The bright yellow compound is widely used as a precursor to other platinum complexes. <ref>{{cite journal | journal = ] | volume = 28 | author = T. Yoshida, T. Matsuda, S. Otsuka, G. W. Parshall, W. G. Peet | title = Tetrakis(Triethylphosphine)Platinum(0) | pages = 122–125 | doi = 10.1002/9780470132593.ch32 | year = 1990}}</ref> <ref>Miessler, Gary L., and Donald A. Tarr. Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2004.</ref> <ref>Safety Data Sheet http://www.alfa.com/content/msds/english/10549.pdf</ref> |
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'''Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)platinum(0)''' is the ] with the ] Pt(P(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>, often abbreviated Pt(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>. The bright yellow compound is used as a precursor to other platinum complexes.<ref>{{cite book | series = ] | volume = 28 |author1=Ugo, R. |author2=Cariati, F. |author3=La Monica, G. | chapter = Tris- and Tetrakis(Triphenylphosphine)-Platinum(0) | title = Inorganic Syntheses| pages = 123–126 | doi = 10.1002/9780470132593.ch33 | year = 1990| isbn = 9780470132593 }}</ref><ref>Safety Data Sheet http://www.alfa.com/content/msds/english/10549.pdf</ref> |
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==Structure and behavior== |
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==Structure and behavior== |
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The molecule is tetrahedral, with ] of T<sub>d</sub>, as expected for a four-coordinate metal complex of a metal with the d<sup>10</sup> configuration. Even though this complex follows the ], it dissociates triphenylphosphine in solution to give the 16e<sup>−</sup> derivative containing only three PPh<sub>3</sub> ligands: |
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The molecule is tetrahedral, with ] of T<sub>d</sub>, as expected for a four-coordinate metal complex of a metal with the d<sup>10</sup> configuration.<ref>Miessler, Gary L., and Donald A. Tarr. Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2004.</ref> Even though this complex follows the ], it dissociates triphenylphosphine in solution to give the 16e<sup>−</sup> derivative containing only three PPh<sub>3</sub> ligands: |
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:Pt(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub> → Pt(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub> + PPh<sub>3</sub> |
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:Pt(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub> → Pt(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub> + PPh<sub>3</sub> |
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==Synthesis and reactions== |
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==Synthesis and reactions== |
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The complex is typically prepared in one-pot reaction from potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II). Reduction of this platinum(II) species with ] ] in the presence of excess triphenylphosphine affords the product as a ]. The reaction occurs in two distinct steps. In the first step, PtCl<sub>2</sub>(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> is generated. In the second step, this platinum(II) complex is reduced. The overall synthesis can be summarized as: |
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The complex is typically prepared in one-pot reaction from potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II). Reduction of this platinum(II) species with ] ] in the presence of excess triphenylphosphine affords the product as a ]. The reaction occurs in two distinct steps. In the first step, ] is generated. In the second step, this platinum(II) complex is reduced. The overall synthesis can be summarized as: |
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:K<sub>2</sub> + 2KOH + 4PPh<sub>3</sub> + C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>OH → Pt(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub> + 4KCl + CH<sub>3</sub>CHO + 2H<sub>2</sub>O |
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:K<sub>2</sub> + 2KOH + 4PPh<sub>3</sub> + C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>OH → Pt(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub> + 4KCl + CH<sub>3</sub>CHO + 2H<sub>2</sub>O |
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Both Pt(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub> and Pt(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub> react with oxidants to give platinum(II) derivatives: |
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Pt(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub> reacts with oxidants to give platinum(II) derivatives: |
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:Pt(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub> + Cl<sub>2</sub> → ''cis''-PtCl<sub>2</sub>(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + 2 PPh<sub>3</sub> |
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:Pt(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub> + Cl<sub>2</sub> → ''cis''-PtCl<sub>2</sub>(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + 2 PPh<sub>3</sub> |
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Most mineral acids give the corresponding ] complex: |
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Mineral acids give the corresponding ]: |
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:Pt(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub> + HCl<sub>2</sub> → ''trans''-PtCl(H)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + 2 PPh<sub>3</sub> |
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:Pt(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub> + HCl → ''trans''-PtCl(H)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + 2 PPh<sub>3</sub> |
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The reaction with ] affords a dioxygen complex: |
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The reaction with ] affords a ]: |
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:Pt(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub> + O<sub>2</sub> → Pt(η<sup>2</sup>-O<sub>2</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + 2 PPh<sub>3</sub> |
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:Pt(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub> + O<sub>2</sub> → Pt(η<sup>2</sup>-O<sub>2</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + 2 PPh<sub>3</sub> |
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This complex is a precursor to the ] complex |
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This complex is a precursor to the ] complex |
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:Pt(η<sup>2</sup>-O<sub>2</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> → Pt(η<sup>2</sup>-C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + "NaBH<sub>2</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>" |
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:Pt(η<sup>2</sup>-O<sub>2</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> → Pt(η<sup>2</sup>-C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + "NaBH<sub>2</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>" |
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==References== |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{Platinum compounds}} |
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