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| verifiedrevid = 385833543 |
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|verifiedrevid = 428739950 |
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| ImageFile =Wcarbonyl.JPG |
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| ImageFile2 = Tungsten-hexacarbonyl-from-xtal-3D-balls-B.png |
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|ImageFile = Tungsten carbonyl powder.jpg |
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|ImageFile1 = Tungsten hexacarbonyl.svg |
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|ImageFileL1 = Tungsten hexacarbonyl 3D.png |
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| IUPACName = Hexacarbonyltungsten |
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| OtherNames = Tungsten carbonyl<br />Hexacarbonylwolfram |
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|ImageFileR1 = Tungsten-hexacarbonyl-from-xtal-3D-SF.png |
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|IUPACName = Hexacarbonyltungsten |
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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|OtherNames = Tungsten carbonyl<br />Hexacarbonylwolfram |
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| CASNo = 14040-11-0 |
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|Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite}} |
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| EINECS = 237-880-2 |
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|CASNo = 14040-11-0 |
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|CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| PubChem = 98884 |
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| InChI = 1/6CO.W/c6*1-2; |
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|EINECS = 237-880-2 |
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|PubChem = 98884 |
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|InChI = 1/6CO.W/c6*1-2; |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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|SMILES = O=C=(=C=O)(=C=O)(=C=O)(=C=O)=C=O |
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| Formula = C<sub>6</sub>O<sub>6</sub>W<sub></sub> |
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| MolarMass = 351.90 g/mol |
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|Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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| Appearance = Colorless solid |
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| Density = 2.65 g/cm<sup>3</sup> |
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|Formula = C<sub>6</sub>O<sub>6</sub>W |
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|MolarMass = 351.901 g/mol |
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| MeltingPt = 170 °C (decomp) |
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|Appearance = Colorless solid |
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| BoilingPt = |
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|Density = 2.65 g/cm<sup>3</sup> |
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| Solubility = insoluble |
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|MeltingPtC = 170 |
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| SolubleOther = sparingly in ] |
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|MeltingPt_notes = (decomposes) |
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|Solubility = insoluble |
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| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards |
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|SolubleOther = sparingly in ] |
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| EUIndex = Not listed |
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| MainHazards = Flammable, CO source |
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|Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards |
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|MainHazards = Flammable, CO source}} |
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|Section4 = {{Chembox Hazards |
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| FlashPt = |
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|NFPA-H = 2 |
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|NFPA-F = 0 |
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|OtherCations = ]<br/>]<br/> |
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<br/>]<ref name="carbonyl">{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1126/science.1255720| pmid = 25237098| title = Synthesis and detection of a seaborgium carbonyl complex| journal = Science| volume = 345| issue = 6203| pages = 1491–3| year = 2014| last1 = Even | first1 = J.| last2 = Yakushev | first2 = A.| last3 = Dullmann | first3 = C. E.| last4 = Haba | first4 = H.| last5 = Asai | first5 = M.| last6 = Sato | first6 = T. K.| last7 = Brand | first7 = H.| last8 = Di Nitto | first8 = A.| last9 = Eichler | first9 = R.| last10 = Fan | first10 = F. L.| last11 = Hartmann | first11 = W.| last12 = Huang | first12 = M.| last13 = Jager | first13 = E.| last14 = Kaji | first14 = D.| last15 = Kanaya | first15 = J.| last16 = Kaneya | first16 = Y.| last17 = Khuyagbaatar | first17 = J.| last18 = Kindler | first18 = B.| last19 = Kratz | first19 = J. V.| last20 = Krier | first20 = J.| last21 = Kudou | first21 = Y.| last22 = Kurz | first22 = N.| last23 = Lommel | first23 = B.| last24 = Miyashita | first24 = S.| last25 = Morimoto | first25 = K.| last26 = Morita | first26 = K.| last27 = Murakami | first27 = M.| last28 = Nagame | first28 = Y.| last29 = Nitsche | first29 = H.| last30 = Ooe | first30 = K.| display-authors = 29| bibcode = 2014Sci...345.1491E| s2cid = 206558746}} {{subscription required}}</ref> |
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'''Tungsten hexacarbonyl''' (also called '''tungsten carbonyl''') is the chemical compound with the formula W(CO)<sub>6</sub>. This complex gave rise to the first example of a dihydrogen complex.<ref name = "Kubas">Kubas, G. J., Metal Dihydrogen and σ-Bond Complexes, Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers: New York, 2001.</ref> |
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'''Tungsten hexacarbonyl''' (also called '''tungsten carbonyl''') is an ] with the formula W(CO)<sub>6</sub>. This complex gave rise to the first example of a ].<ref name = "Kubas">Kubas, G. J., Metal Dihydrogen and σ-Bond Complexes, Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers: New York, 2001</ref> |
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This colorless compound, like its ] and ] analogs, is noteworthy as a volatile, air-stable derivative of ] in its zero oxidation state. |
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Like its ] and ] analogs, this colorless compound is noteworthy as a volatile, air-stable derivative of ] in its zero oxidation state. |
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==Preparation, properties, and structure== |
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==Preparation, properties, and structure== |
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W(CO)<sub>6</sub> is prepared by the ] of ] under a pressure of ]. It would be rare to prepare this inexpensive compound in the laboratory because the apparatus is expensive and the compound can be purchased cheaply. The compound is relatively air-stable. It is sparingly soluble in nonpolar organic solvents. Tungsten carbonyl is widely used in ] technique - it is easily vaporized and decomposed by the electron beam providing a convenient source of tungsten atoms.<ref name="r1">{{cite journal| title = Focused, Nanoscale Electron-Beam-Induced Deposition and Etching| doi = 10.1080/10408430600930438 | journal = Critical Reviews of Solid State and Materials Sciences | volume = 31 | year = 2006| page = 55| last1 = Randolph| first1 = S.| last2 = Fowlkes| first2 = J.| last3 = Rack| first3 = P.}}</ref> |
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Like many ]s, W(CO)<sub>6</sub> is generally prepared by "reductive carbonylation", which involves the reduction of a metal halide with under an atmosphere of ]. As described in a 2023 survey of methods "most cost-effective routes for the synthesis of group 6 hexacarbonyls are based on the reduction of the metal chlorides (CrCl<sub>3</sub>, MoCl<sub>5</sub> or WCl<sub>6</sub>) with magnesium, zinc or aluminium powders... under CO pressures".<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214983|title=Group 6 Carbonyl Complexes of N,O,P-Ligands as Precursors of High-Valent Metal-Oxo Catalysts for Olefin Epoxidation |year=2023 |last1=Bruno |first1=Sofia M. |last2=Valente |first2=Anabela A. |last3=Gonçalves |first3=Isabel S. |last4=Pillinger |first4=Martyn |journal=Coordination Chemistry Reviews |volume=478 |page=214983 |s2cid=255329673 |doi-access=free |hdl=10773/40120 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> The compound is relatively air-stable. It is sparingly soluble in nonpolar organic solvents. Tungsten carbonyl is widely used in ] technique - it is easily vaporized and decomposed by the electron beam providing a convenient source of tungsten atoms.<ref name="r1">{{cite journal| title = Focused, Nanoscale Electron-Beam-Induced Deposition and Etching| doi = 10.1080/10408430600930438 | journal = Critical Reviews of Solid State and Materials Sciences | volume = 31 | year = 2006| page = 55| last1 = Randolph| first1 = S.| last2 = Fowlkes| first2 = J.| last3 = Rack| first3 = P.| issue = 3| bibcode = 2006CRSSM..31...55R | s2cid = 93769658}}</ref> |
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W(CO)<sub>6</sub> adopts an ] consisting of six rod-like CO ]s radiating from the central W atom with ] 0 ]. |
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W(CO)<sub>6</sub> adopts an ] consisting of six rod-like CO ]s radiating from the central W atom with ] 0 ]. |
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==Reactivity== |
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==Reactivity== |
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All reactions of W(CO)<sub>6</sub> commence with displacement of some CO ligands in W(CO)<sub>6</sub>. W(CO)<sub>6</sub> behaves similarly to the Mo(CO)<sub>6</sub> but tends to form compounds that are kinetically more robust. |
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All reactions of W(CO)<sub>6</sub> commence with displacement of some CO ligands in W(CO)<sub>6</sub>. W(CO)<sub>6</sub> behaves similarly to the Mo(CO)<sub>6</sub> but tends to form compounds that are kinetically more robust. ] ((C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>.)<sub>2</sub>W<sub>2</sub>(CO)<sub>6</sub>) is produced from W(CO)<sub>6</sub>.]] |
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Treatment of tungsten hexacarbonyl with ] followed by oxidation of the resulting NaW(CO)<sub>3</sub>(C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>) gives ].<ref>{{cite book |first1=A. R.|last1= Manning|first2=Paul|last2=Hacket |first3=Ralph|last3=Birdwhistell| year = 1990 | title = Hexacarbonylbis(η<sup>5</sup>-Cyclopentadienyl)Dichromium, Molybdenum, and Tungsten and their Analogs, M<sub>2</sub>(η<sup>5</sup>-C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>4</sub>R)<sub>2</sub>(CO)<sub>6</sub> (M = Cr, Mo, and W; R = H, Me or PhCH<sub>2</sub>) | series = ] | volume = 28 | pages = 148–149 | doi = 10.1002/9780470132593.ch39|isbn= 978-0-470-13259-3}}</ref> |
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One derivative is the dihydrogen complex W(CO)<sub>3</sub><sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>) reported in 1982 by Kubas.<ref name="Kubas" /> |
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One derivative is the ] W(CO)<sub>3</sub><sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>).<ref name="Kubas" /> |
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Three of these CO ligands can be displaced by acetonitrile.<ref>Kubas, G. J. and van der Sluys, L. S., "TricarbonylTris(nitrile) Complexes of Cr, Mo, and W", Inorganic Syntheses, 1990, 28, 29-33, {{doi|10.1002/9780470132593.ch6}}.</ref> |
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Three of these CO ligands can be displaced by acetonitrile.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Kubas|first1=G. J.|last2=van der Sluys|first2=L. S.|title=Inorganic Syntheses|chapter=TricarbonylTris(nitrile) Complexes of Cr, Mo, and W|year=1990|volume=28|pages=29–33|doi=10.1002/9780470132593.ch6|isbn=978-0-470-13259-3}}</ref> |
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W(CO)<sub>6</sub> has been used to desulfurize organosulfur compounds and as a precursor to catalysts for ]. |
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W(CO)<sub>6</sub> has been used to desulfurize organosulfur compounds and as a precursor to catalysts for ]. |
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==Safety and handling== |
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==Safety and handling== |
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Like all metal carbonyls, W(CO)<sub>6</sub> is dangerous source of volatile metal as well as CO. |
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Like all metal carbonyls, W(CO)<sub>6</sub> is a dangerous source of volatile metal as well as CO. |
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==References== |
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==References== |
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<references/> |
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{{Tungsten compounds}} |
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{{Tungsten compounds}} |
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{{Carbonyl complexes}} |
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