| Revision as of 11:23, 11 August 2011 editCheMoBot (talk | contribs)Bots141,565 edits Updating {{chembox}} (no changed fields - added verified revid - updated 'ChemSpiderID_Ref', 'DrugBank_Ref', 'UNII_Ref', 'ChEMBL_Ref', 'ChEBI_Ref', 'KEGG_Ref', 'StdInChI_Ref', 'StdInChIKey_Ref') per [[Misplaced Pages:WikiProject Chemicals/Chembox validatio← Previous edit |
Latest revision as of 20:58, 12 March 2024 edit undoTautropfli (talk | contribs)149 editsm Use of Unbulleted list macro for OtherNames property of Chembox as is the recommendation in the docs.Tag: 2017 wikitext editor |
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{{chembox |
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{{chembox |
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| verifiedrevid = 444244481 |
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| verifiedrevid = 444245760 |
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|Reference=<ref name="Merck">'']'', 11th Edition, '''9902'''.</ref> |
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| Reference =<ref name="Merck">'']'', 11th Edition, '''9902'''.</ref> |
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|ImageFile=violaxanthin.svg |
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| ImageFile =violaxanthin.svg |
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|ImageSize=250px |
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| ImageSize =250px |
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| IUPACName_hidden = yes |
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| IUPACName = (3''S'',3′''S'',5''R'',5′''R'',6''S'',6′''S'')-5,6:5′,6′-Diepoxy-5,5′,6,6′-tetrahydro-β,β-carotene-3,3′-diol |
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|IUPACName=(1S,4S,6R)-1-heptan-1-yl]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl]-2,2,6-trimethyl-7-oxabicycloheptan-4-ol |
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| SystematicName = (1''R'',1′''R'',3''S'',3′''S'',6''S'',6′''S'')-6,6′-bis(1,5,5-trimethyl-7-oxabicycloheptan-3-ol) |
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|OtherNames=5,6:5',6'-Diepoxy-5,5',6,6'-tetrahydro-β-carotene-3,3'-diol, Zeaxanthin diepoxide, ''all''-''trans''-Violaxanthin, E161e |
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| OtherNames = {{Unbulleted list|Zeaxanthin diepoxide|''all''-''trans''-Violaxanthin|E161e}} |
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|Section1= {{Chembox Identifiers |
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|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers |
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| CASNo=126-29-4 |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} |
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| PubChem=448438 |
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| CASNo =126-29-4 |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| UNII = 51C926029A |
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| PubChem =448438 |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID = 395237 |
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| ChemSpiderID = 395237 |
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| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} |
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| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} |
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| ChEBI = 35288 |
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| ChEBI = 35288 |
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| SMILES=C\C(=C/C=C/C=C(\C)/C=C/C=C(\C)/C=C/12C(C(C1(O2)C)O)(C)C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\34C(C(C3(O4)C)O)(C)C |
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| SMILES =C\C(=C/C=C/C=C(\C)/C=C/C=C(\C)/C=C/12C(C(C1(O2)C)O)(C)C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\34C(C(C3(O4)C)O)(C)C |
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| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChI=1S/C40H56O4/c1-29(17-13-19-31(3)21-23-39-35(5,6)25-33(41)27-37(39,9)43-39)15-11-12-16-30(2)18-14-20-32(4)22-24-40-36(7,8)26-34(42)28-38(40,10)44-40/h11-24,33-34,41-42H,25-28H2,1-10H3/b12-11+,17-13+,18-14+,23-21+,24-22+,29-15+,30-16+,31-19+,32-20+/t33-,34-,37+,38+,39-,40-/m0/s1 |
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| StdInChI =1S/C40H56O4/c1-29(17-13-19-31(3)21-23-39-35(5,6)25-33(41)27-37(39,9)43-39)15-11-12-16-30(2)18-14-20-32(4)22-24-40-36(7,8)26-34(42)28-38(40,10)44-40/h11-24,33-34,41-42H,25-28H2,1-10H3/b12-11+,17-13+,18-14+,23-21+,24-22+,29-15+,30-16+,31-19+,32-20+/t33-,34-,37+,38+,39-,40-/m0/s1 |
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| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChIKey = SZCBXWMUOPQSOX-WVJDLNGLSA-N |
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| StdInChIKey = SZCBXWMUOPQSOX-WVJDLNGLSA-N |
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}} |
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}} |
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|Section2= {{Chembox Properties |
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|Section2={{Chembox Properties |
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| C=40 | H=56 | O=4 |
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| Formula=C<sub>40</sub>H<sub>56</sub>O<sub>4</sub> |
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| Appearance =Orange crystals |
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| MolarMass=600.85 g/mol |
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| Density = |
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| Appearance=Orange crystals |
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| MeltingPtC = 200 |
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| Density= |
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| MeltingPt=200 °C |
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|Section3= {{Chembox Hazards |
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| MainHazards= |
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| FlashPt= |
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| Autoignition= |
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|Section3={{Chembox Hazards |
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| MainHazards = |
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| FlashPt = |
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'''Violaxanthin''' is a natural ] ] with an orange color found in a variety of plants including ]. It is biosynthesized from ] by ].<ref name="Merck"/> As a ] it used under the ] E161e as a ]. |
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'''Violaxanthin''' is a ] ] with an orange color found in a variety of plants. Violaxanthin is the product of the ] of ] where the oxygen atoms are from ] (ROS). Such ROS's arise when a plant is subject to solar radiation so intense that the light cannot all be absorbed by the chlorophyll.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1146/annurev-arplant-071720-015522|title=Dissipation of Light Energy Absorbed in Excess: The Molecular Mechanisms |year=2021 |last1=Bassi |first1=Roberto |last2=Dall'Osto |first2=Luca |journal=Annual Review of Plant Biology |volume=72 |pages=47–76 |pmid=34143647 |s2cid=235480018 |doi-access=free }}</ref> |
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==Food coloring== |
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Violaxanthin is used as a ] under the ] E161e and ] 161e. The coloring is not approved for use in food in the EU<ref>UK Food Standards Agency: {{cite web |url=http://www.food.gov.uk/safereating/chemsafe/additivesbranch/enumberlist |title=Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers |access-date=2011-10-27}}</ref> or the United States, but is allowed in Australia and New Zealand.<ref>Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code{{cite web |url=http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2011C00827 |title=Standard 1.2.4 - Labelling of ingredients |date=8 September 2011 |access-date=2011-10-27}}</ref> |
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==Violaxanthin cycle== |
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Violaxanthin is a participant in the violaxanthin cycle. |
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==References== |
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