| Revision as of 16:45, 10 January 2012 editBeetstra (talk | contribs)Edit filter managers, Administrators172,031 edits Saving copy of the {{chembox}} taken from revid 414336861 of page Zirconium(IV)_fluoride for the Chem/Drugbox validation project (updated: ''). |
Latest revision as of 21:56, 30 September 2024 edit 82.12.148.203 (talk) Typo |
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{{ambox | text = This page contains a copy of the infobox ({{tl|chembox}}) taken from revid of page ] with values updated to verified values.}} |
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{{chembox |
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{{chembox |
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| verifiedrevid = 402893455 |
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| verifiedrevid = 470637858 |
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| Name = Zirconium(IV) fluoride |
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| Name = Zirconium(IV) fluoride |
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| ImageFile =Kristallstruktur Uran(IV)-fluorid.png |
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| ImageFile =Kristallstruktur Uran(IV)-fluorid.png |
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| IUPACName = Zirconium(IV) fluoride<br/>Zirconium tetrafluoride |
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| IUPACName = Zirconium(IV) fluoride<br/>Zirconium tetrafluoride |
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| OtherNames = |
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| OtherNames = |
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID = 74196 |
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| ChemSpiderID = 74196 |
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| PubChem = 82216 |
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| EINECS = 232-018-1 |
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| UNII = 1XHF39056H |
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| InChI = 1/4FH.Zr/h4*1H;/q;;;;+4/p-4 |
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| InChI = 1/4FH.Zr/h4*1H;/q;;;;+4/p-4 |
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| InChIKey = OMQSJNWFFJOIMO-XBHQNQODAN |
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| InChIKey = OMQSJNWFFJOIMO-XBHQNQODAN |
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| StdInChIKey = OMQSJNWFFJOIMO-UHFFFAOYSA-J |
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| StdInChIKey = OMQSJNWFFJOIMO-UHFFFAOYSA-J |
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| CASNo = 7783-64-4 |
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| CASNo = 7783-64-4 |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| CASOther = <br> 15298-38-1 (monohydrate) |
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| CASNo2 = 15298-38-1 |
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| CASNo2_Comment = (monohydrate) |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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|Section2={{Chembox Properties |
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| Formula = ZrF<sub>4</sub> |
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| Formula = ZrF<sub>4</sub> |
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| MolarMass = 167.21 g/mol |
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| MolarMass = 167.21 g/mol |
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| Density = 4.43 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (20 °C) |
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| Density = 4.43 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (20 °C) |
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| Solubility = 1.32 g/100mL (20 °C) <br> 1.388 g/100mL (25 °C) |
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| Solubility = 1.32 g/100mL (20 °C) <br> 1.388 g/100mL (25 °C) |
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| MeltingPt = 910 °C |
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| MeltingPtC = 910 |
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| BoilingPt = |
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| BoilingPt = |
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| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure |
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|Section3={{Chembox Structure |
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| CrystalStruct = ], ] |
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| CrystalStruct = ], ] |
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| SpaceGroup = C12/c1, No. 15 |
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| SpaceGroup = C12/c1, No. 15 |
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| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards |
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|Section7={{Chembox Hazards |
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| ExternalMSDS = |
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| ExternalSDS = |
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| EUIndex = Not listed |
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| NFPA-H = |
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| NFPA-H = |
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| NFPA-R = |
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| NFPA-R = |
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| NFPA-F = |
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| NFPA-F = |
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| NFPA-O = |
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| FlashPt = Non-flammable |
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| FlashPt = Non-flammable |
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| LD50 = 98 mg/kg (oral, mouse) |
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| LD50 = 98 mg/kg (oral, mouse)<br/>98 mg/kg (oral, rat)<ref>{{IDLH|7440677|Zirconium compounds (as Zr)}}</ref> |
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| Section8 = {{Chembox Related |
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|Section8={{Chembox Related |
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| OtherAnions = ]<br/>]<br/>] |
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| OtherAnions = ]<br/>]<br/>] |
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| OtherCations = ]<br/>] |
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| OtherCations = ]<br/>] |
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'''Zirconium(IV) fluoride''' describes members of a family ] with the formula ]](H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>x</sub>. All are colorless, diamagnetic solids. Anhydrous Zirconium(IV) fluoride is a component of ] ].<ref name=Ull>{{cite book |doi=10.1002/14356007.a28_543 |chapter=Zirconium and Zirconium Compounds |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |year=2000 |last1=Nielsen |first1=Ralph |isbn=3527306730 }}</ref> |
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==Structure== |
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] ZrF<sub>4</sub>]] |
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Three crystalline phases of ZrF<sub>4</sub> have been reported, α (]), β (], ] tP40, ] P42/m, No 84) and γ (unknown structure). β and γ phases are unstable and irreversibly transform into the α phase at 400 °C.<ref>{{cite book|page=144| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DvqwTdVhjMEC&pg=PA144| title=Chemical thermodynamics of zirconium|author1=Paul L. Brown |author2=Federico J. Mompean |author3=Jane Perrone |author4=Myriam Illemassène | publisher= Gulf Professional Publishing| year=2005| isbn=0-444-51803-7}}</ref> |
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Zirconium(IV) fluoride forms several hydrates. The trihydrate has the structure {{chem2|(μ\sF)22}}.<ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw2nd|page=965}}</ref> |
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==Preparation and reactions== |
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Zirconium fluoride can be produced by several methods. ] reacts with hydrogen fluoride and hydrofluoric acid to afford the anhydrous and monohydrates: |
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:{{chem2|ZrO2 + 4 HF -> ZrF4 + 2 H2O}} |
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The reaction of Zr metal reacts at high temperatures with HF as well: |
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:{{chem2|Zr + 4 HF -> ZrF4 + 2 H2}} |
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Zirconium dioxide reacts at 200 °C with solid ] to give the heptafluorozirconate salt, which can be converted to the tetrafluoride at 500 °C: |
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:{{chem2|2ZrO2 + 7 (NH4)HF2 -> 2 (NH4)3ZrF7 + 4 H2O + NH3}} |
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:{{chem2|(NH4)3ZrF7 -> ZrF4 + 3 HF + 3 NH3}} |
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Addition of hydrofluoric acid to solutions of ] precipitates solid monohydrate. Hydrates of zirconium tetrafluoride can be dehydrated by heating under a stream of hydrogen fluoride. |
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Zirconium fluoride can be purified by ] or ].<ref name=Ull/> |
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Zirconium fluoride forms double salts with other ]s. The most prominent is ], formed by fusion of potassium fluoride and zirconium tetrafluoride:<ref>{{Kirk-Othmer|doi=10.1002/0471238961.2009200113051908.a01|title=Fluorine compounds, inorganic, titanium|first=Dayal T.|last=Meshri|year=2000}}</ref> |
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:{{chem2|ZrF4 + 2 KF -> K2ZrF6}} |
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==Applications== |
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The major and perhaps only commercial application of zirconium fluoride is as a precursor to ZBLAN glasses.<ref name=Ull/> |
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Mixture of sodium fluoride, zirconium fluoride, and ] (53-41-6 mol.%) was used as a coolant in the ]. A mixture of ], ], zirconium fluoride, and ] was used in the ]. (] is used in the ] reactors.){{cn|date=June 2023}} |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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* ORNL/TM-2006/12 Assessment of Candidate Molten Salt Coolants for the ] (AHTR), March 2006 (Accessed 2008/9/18) |
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{{Zirconium compounds}} |
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{{fluorine compounds}} |
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] |
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] |
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] |