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Table of metaheuristics

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This is a chronological table of metaheuristic algorithms that only contains fundamental computational intelligence algorithms. Hybrid algorithms and multi-objective algorithms are not listed in the table below.

Categories

  • Evolutionary-based
  • Trajectory-based
  • Nature-inspired
    • Swarm-based
    • Bio-inspired
    • Physics/Chemistry-based
    • Human-based
    • Plant-based
  • Art-inspired
  • Ancient-inspired

The table

Name Abbreviation Main category Subcategory Year published Ref.
Simulated Annealing SA Trajectory-based - 1983
Tabu Search TS Trajectory-based - 1989
Genetic Algorithm GA Evolutionary-based - 1992
Evolutionary Algorithm EA Evolutionary-based - 1994
Cultural Algorithm CA 1994
Particle Swarm Optimization PSO Nature-inspired Swarm-based 1995
Differential Evaluation DE Evolutionary-based - 1997
Local Search LS 1997
Variable neighborhood search VNS Trajectory-based - 1997
Guided Local Search GLS Trajectory-based - 1998
Clonal Selection Algorithm CSA Evolutionary-based - 2000
Harmony Search HS Evolutionary-based - 2001
Memetic Algorithm MA Evolutionary-based - 2002
Iterative Local Search ILS Trajectory-based - 2003
Artificial Bee Colony ABC Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2005
Ant Colony Optimization ACO Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2006
Glowworm Swarm Optimization GSO Nature-inspired Swarm-based 2006
Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm SFLA Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2006
Invasive Weed Optimization IWO Nature-inspired Plant-based 2006
Seeker Optimization Algorithm SOA Nature-inspired Human-based 2006
Imperialistic Competitive Algorithm ICA Nature-inspired Human-based 2007
Central Force Optimization CFO 2007
Biogeography Based Optimization BBO Nature-inspired Human-based 2008
Firefly Algorithm FA Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2008
Intelligent Water Drops IWD Nature-inspired Swarm-based 2008
Monkey Algorithm MA Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2008
Cuckoo Search CS Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2009
Group Search Optimizer GSO Nature-inspired Swarm-based 2009
Key Cutting Algorithm KCA 2009
Hunting Search HS Nature-inspired Swarm-based 2009
Chemical Reaction Optimization CRO Nature-inspired Physics/Chemistry-based 2009
Bat Algorithm BA Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2010
Charged System Search CSS Nature-inspired Physics/Chemistry-based 2010
Eagle Strategy ES Nature-inspired 2010
Fireworks Algorithm FWA 2010
Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm COA Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2011
Stochastic Diffusion Search SDS 2011
Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization TLBO Nature-inspired Human-based 2011
Bacterial Colony Optimization BCO 2012
Fruit Fly Optimization FFO 2012
Krill Herd Algorithm KHA Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2012
Migrating Birds Optimization MBO Nature-inspired Swarm-based 2012
Water Cycle Algorithm WCA 2012
Backtracking Search Algorithm BSA Evolutionary-based - 2013
Black Hole Algorithm BH Nature-inspired Physics/Chemistry-based 2013
Dolphin Echolocation DE Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2013
Animal Migration Optimization AMO Nature-inspired Swarm-based 2013
Keshtel Algorithm KA Nature-inspired 2014
SDA Optimization Algorithm SDA Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2014
Artificial Root Foraging Algorithm ARFA Nature-inspired Plant-based 2014
Bumble Bees Mating Optimization BBMO 2014
Chicken Swarm Optimization CSO Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2014
Colliding Bodies Optimization CBO 2014
Coral Reefs Optimization Algorithm CROA 2014
Flower Pollination Algorithm FPA Nature-inspired Plant-based 2014
Radial Movement Optimization RMO Nature-inspired Swarm-based 2014
Spider Monkey Optimization SMO Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2014
Soccer League Competition SLC Nature-inspired Human-based 2014
Artificial Algae Algorithm AAA 2015
Adaptive Dimensional Search ADS 2015
Alienated Ant Algorithm AAA 2015
Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm AFSA Nature-inspired 2015
Bottlenose Dolphin Optimization BDO Nature-inspired 2015
Cricket Algorithm CA 2015
Elephant Search Algorithm ESA Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2015
Grey Wolf Optimizer GWO Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2015
Jaguar Algorithm JA Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2015
Locust Swarm Algorithm LSA Nature-inspired Swarm-based 2015
Moth-Flame Optimization MFO Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2015
Stochastic Fractal Search SFF Evolutionary-based - 2015
Vortex Search Algorithm VSA Nature-inspired Physics/Chemistry-based 2015
Water Wave Optimization WWA Nature-inspired Physics/Chemistry-based 2015
Ant Lion Optimizer ALO Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2015
African Buffalo Optimization ABO Nature-inspired Swarm-based 2015
Lightning Search Algorithm LSA Nature-inspired Physics/Chemistry-based 2015
Across Neighborhood Search ANS Evolutionary-based - 2016
Crow Search Algorithm CSA Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2016
Electromagnetic Field Optimization EFO Nature-inspired Physics/Chemistry-based 2016
Joint Operations Algorithm JOA Nature-inspired Swarm-based 2016
Lion Optimization Algorithm LOA Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2016
Sine Cosine Algorithm SCA Nature-inspired Physics/Chemistry-based 2016
Virus Colony Search VCS Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2016
Whale Optimization Algorithm WOA Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2016
Red Deer Algorithm RDA Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2016
Phototropic Optimization Algorithm POA Nature-inspired Plant-based 2018
Coyote Optimization Algorithm COA Nature-inspired Swarm-based 2018
Owl Search Algorithm OSA Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2018
Squirrel Search Algorithm SSA Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2018
Social Engineering Optimizer SEO Nature-inspired Human-based 2018
Emperor Penguin Optimizer EPO Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2018
Socio Evolution and Learning Optimization SELO Nature-inspired Human-based 2018
Future Search Algorithm FSA Nature-inspired Human-based 2019
Emperor Penguins Colony EPC Nature-inspired Swarm-based 2019
Thermal Exchange Optimization TEO Nature-inspired Physics/Chemistry-based 2019
Harris Hawks Optimization HHO Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2019
Political Optimizer PO Nature-inspired Human-based 2020
Heap-Based Optimizer HBO Nature-inspired Human-based 2020
Color Harmony Algorithm CHA Art-inspired Color-based 2020
Stochastic Paint Optimizer SPO Art-inspired Color-based 2020
Mayfly Optimization Algorithm MOA Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2020
Giza Pyramids Construction GPC Ancient-inspired - 2020
Fire Hawk Optimizer FHO Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2022
Flying Fox Optimization Algorithm FFO Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2023
Waterwheel Plant Algorithm WWPA Nature-inspired Plant-based 2023
Energy Valley Optimizer EVO Nature-inspired Physics/Chemistry-based 2023
Special Forces Algorithm SFA Nature-inspired Swarm-based 2023
Squid Game Optimizer SGO Nature-inspired Human-based 2023
Snow Ablation Optimizer SAO Nature-inspired Physics/Chemistry-based 2023
Spider Wasp Optimization SWO Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2023
Dujiangyan Irrigation System DISO Ancient-inspired - 2023
Great Wall Construction Algorithm GWCA Ancient-inspired - 2023
Puma Optimizer PO Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2024
Walrus Optimizer WO Nature-inspired Bio-inspired 2024

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