The 1826 Canary Islands storm (also known as San Florencio Storm) was the worst weather-related disaster in the history of the Canary Islands, claiming at least 298 lives. It was likely either a tropical cyclone or a storm system derived from a tropical cyclone.
Meteorological history
The November 1826 storm has been explained as a tropical storm that intensified after an interaction with a mid-latitude trough and moved close to the Canary Islands; atmospheric pressures dropped to 966–947 hPa (28.5–28.0 inHg) at 500 metres (1,600 ft) elevation. Alternatively, the storm might have been an extratropical cyclone that formed from a tropical system. The French naturalist Sabin Berthelot explicitly called this storm a "hurricane".
Impact
The storm impacted the entire Canary Islands, with some islands disproportionately hit. It is still the worst known weather-related disaster in the history of the Canary Islands.
Trees and plantations were flattened and winds with gusts probably exceeding 120–150 kilometres per hour (75–93 mph) damaged houses (reportedly 603 in Tenerife alone) and ships in ports (of which six were reportedly lost); the death toll in Tenerife reached 298 and sources speak of "floating cadavers" and "infinite number of dead". Most of the destruction and death toll was caused by the precipitation; with some places seeing over 500 mm (20 in) of rain.
Geomorphological changes also took place in the islands as a consequence of the storm, an alluvial fan on Teide and flood deposits on Lanzarote were most likely formed by it.
Records
Research on past tropical cyclone activity in the Canary Islands has gained importance after Tropical Storm Delta passed through the islands in 2005, amid concerns of global warming. Other storm events with rainfall that affected the Canary Islands aside from Tropical Storm Delta occurred in December 1645, January 1713, October 1722, November 1922, January 1957 and December 1975; none, however, was as intense as the 1826 event.
References
- ^ Criado, C; Dorta, P; Bethencourt, J; Navarro, JF; Romero, C; García, C (1 December 2013). "Evidence of historic infilling of valleys in Lanzarote after the Timanfaya eruption (ad 1730–1736, Canary Islands, Spain)". The Holocene. 23 (12): 10. Bibcode:2013Holoc..23.1786C. doi:10.1177/0959683613505342. ISSN 0959-6836. S2CID 129574882.
- Criado, Dorta & Bethencourt 2008, p. 46.
- Bethencourt-González & Dorta-Antequera 2010, p. 334.
- Bethencourt-González & Dorta-Antequera 2010, p. 335.
- ^ Bethencourt-González & Dorta-Antequera 2010, p. 336.
- Dorta Antequera, Pedro; Yanes Luque, Amalia; Rodríguez-Báez, José Ángel (2017). "Determinación y caracterización de situaciones de temporal marino e inundación costera por rebase del oleaje en San Andrés, NE de Tenerife (1984-2014)". Investigaciones Geográficas (68): 98. doi:10.14198/INGEO2017.68.06. ISSN 1989-9890.
- ^ Bethencourt-González & Dorta-Antequera 2010, p. 331.
- ^ Criado, Dorta & Bethencourt 2008, p. 48.
- Bethencourt-González & Dorta-Antequera 2010, p. 332.
- Carracedo, Juan Carlos; Troll, Valentin R. (2013). Teide Volcano: Geology and Eruptions of a Highly Differentiated Oceanic Stratovolcano. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 51. ISBN 9783642258930.
- Bethencourt-González & Dorta-Antequera 2010, p. 329.
- Bethencourt-González & Dorta-Antequera 2010, p. 330.
Sources
- Bethencourt-González, José; Dorta-Antequera, Pedro (2010). "The storm of november 1826 in the canary islands: Possibly a tropical cyclone?". Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography. 92 (3): 329–337. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0459.2010.00398.x. ISSN 0435-3676. JSTOR 40930998. S2CID 129932701.
- Criado, Constantino; Dorta, Pedro; Bethencourt, José Francisco (2008). El temporal de 1928: reconstrucción de sus causas y sus consecuencias en la Isla de Tenerife. Asociación Española de Climatología. hdl:20.500.11765/8551. ISBN 9788461260515.
- Hernández Morán, José (1968). "Efectos del aluvión de 1826 en Güímar". Revista de historia canaria (in Spanish). 32. La Laguna de Tenerife: 222–231.
- Yanes, Amalia (October 1993). Los aluviones históricos en Canarias. XIII Congreso Nacional de Geografía. Vol. Actas del XIII Congreso Nacional de Geografía. pp. 611–615 – via ResearchGate.