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1828–29 United States House of Representatives elections

← 1826 & 1827 July 9, 1828 – October 5, 1829 1830 & 1831 →
All 213 seats in the United States House of Representatives 107 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party   Leader Andrew Stevenson John W. Taylor Party Jacksonian Anti-Jacksonian Leader's seat Virginia 9th New York 17th Last election 113 seats 100 seats Seats won 136 72 Seat change 23 28   Third party   Party Anti-Masonic Last election 0 seats Seats won 5 Seat change 5
Results:      Jacksonian hold      Jacksonian gain      Anti-Jacksonian hold      Anti-Jacksonian gain      Anti-Masonic gain      Undistricted territory or split plural districts
Speaker before election Andrew Stevenson Jacksonian Elected Speaker Andrew Stevenson Jacksonian

The 1828–29 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between July 9, 1828, and October 5, 1829. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 21st United States Congress convened on December 7, 1829. Elections were held for all 213 seats, representing 24 states.

They occurred while Jacksonians soundly took control of the presidency, with Andrew Jackson's victory, they greatly increased their majority in Congress. Outgoing President John Quincy Adams's unpopularity played a major role in the Jacksonian pickup, as did the perception of the Anti-Jacksonian Party as urban and elitist. Major increases in suffrage also heightened Jacksonian wins, as newly enfranchised voters tended to associate with Jacksonian principles. The Anti-Masonic Party, a single issue faction based on distrust of Freemasonry, became the first third party in American history to garner seats in the House.

Election summaries

State	Type	Date	Total seats	Anti-Jacksonian		Anti-Masonic		Jacksonian
				Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Louisiana	Districts	July 8–10, 1828	3	2		0		1
Illinois	At-large	August 4, 1828	1	0		0		1
Indiana	Districts	August 4, 1828	3	2		0		1
Missouri	At-large	August 4, 1828	1	0	1	0		1	1
Mississippi	At-large	August 4–5, 1828	1	0		0		1
Vermont	Districts	September 2, 1828	5	4	1	1	1	0
Maine	Districts	September 8, 1828	7	3	2	0		4	2
Georgia	At-large	October 6, 1828	7	0		0		7
Delaware	At-large	October 7, 1828	1	1		0		0
South Carolina	Districts	October 13–14, 1828	9	0		0		9
Ohio	Districts	October 14, 1828	14	6	6	0		8	6
Pennsylvania	Districts	October 14, 1828	26	1	5	1	1	24	4
New York	Districts	November 3–5, 1828	34	11	3	3	3	20
New Jersey	At-large	November 4, 1828	6	6	1	0		0	1
Massachusetts	Districts	November 7, 1828	13	13		0		0
Late elections (after the March 4, 1829, beginning of the term)
New Hampshire	At-large	March 10, 1829	6	0	5	0		6	5
Connecticut	At-large	April 29, 1829	6	6		0		0
Virginia	Districts	April 1829	22	6		0		16
Alabama	Districts	August 3, 1829	3	0		0		3
Kentucky	Districts	August 3, 1829	12	2	3	0		10	3
Tennessee	Districts	August 6–7, 1829	9	1	1	0		8	1
North Carolina	Districts	August 13, 1829	13	3	1	0		10	1
Rhode Island	At-large	August 27, 1829	2	2		0		0
Maryland	Districts	October 5, 1829	9	3	3	0		6	3
Total			213	72 33.8%	28	5 2.3%	5	136 63.8%	23

Special elections

There were special elections in 1828 and 1829 to the 20th United States Congress and 21st United States Congress.

Special elections are sorted by date then district.

20th Congress

21st Congress

Alabama

Alabama elected its members August 3, 1829, after the term began but before Congress convened.

Arkansas Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Connecticut

Connecticut elected its members April 29, 1829, after the term began but before Congress convened.

Delaware

Delaware re-elected its sole member October 7, 1828.

Florida Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Georgia

Georgia returned to electing its members at-large for the 1828 election and elected its members October 6, 1828. Despite two retirements, the entire delegation remained Jacksonians.

Illinois

Illinois's sole member was re-elected August 4, 1828.

Indiana

Indiana elected its members August 4, 1828.

Kentucky

Kentucky elected its members August 3, 1829, after the term began but before the new Congress convened.

Louisiana

Louisiana elected its members July 8–10, 1828.

Maine

Maine elected its members September 8, 1828. Maine required a majority vote for election, so the 5th district district election was settled on the second ballot on December 22, 1828, and the 6th district district election was settled on the sixth ballot on April 5, 1830, near the end of the next Congress.

Maryland

Maryland elected its members October 5, 1829, after the term began but before Congress convened.

Massachusetts

Massachusetts elected its members November 7, 1828.

The majority requirement for election was met on the first ballot in all of the 13 districts.

District numbers vary between sources.

Michigan Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Mississippi

Mississippi elected its sole member at-large August 4–5, 1828.

Missouri

Missouri elected its sole member August 4, 1828.

New Hampshire

New Hampshire elected its members March 10, 1829, after the term began but before Congress convened.

New Jersey

New Jersey elected its members November 4, 1828.

New York

New York elected its members November 3–5, 1828.

North Carolina

North Carolina elected its members August 13, 1829, after the term began but before Congress convened.

Ohio

Ohio elected its members October 14, 1828.

Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania elected its members October 14, 1828.

Rhode Island

Rhode Island elected its members August 27, 1829, after the term began but before Congress convened.

South Carolina

South Carolina elected its members October 13–14, 1828.

Tennessee

Tennessee elected its members August 6–7, 1829 after the term began but before Congress convened.

Vermont

Vermont elected its members September 2, 1828. Vermont required a majority vote for election, so the 3rd district district election was settled on the second ballot on November 11, 1828, and the 5th district district election was settled on the eighth ballot on November 2, 1829.

Virginia

Virginia elected its members in April 1829 after the term began but before Congress convened.

Non-voting delegates

See also

• 1828 United States elections
  • List of United States House of Representatives elections (1824–1854)
  • 1828 United States presidential election
  • 1828–29 United States Senate elections
• 20th United States Congress
• 21st United States Congress

Notes

1. These dates do not include a run-off ballot in Maine that ran into 1830.
2. ^ Both Dubin and Martis agree that there were 72 seats held by Anti-Jacksonians (or Adams Men) at the start of the 21st Congress; further, including the later filling of vacancies, both sources agree that there were ultimately 136 districts held by Jacksonians.
3. 5 Anti-Masons were elected.
4. ^ Changed parties.
5. ^ Source does not give full name.
6. ^ Numbers of votes missing or incomplete in source.
7. Won special election to the 20th Congress.
8. ^ Silas Wright Jr. (Jacksonian) successfully contested the election of George Fisher (Anti-Jacksonian); but Wright never claimed the seat, and resigned, without serving, on March 9, 1830. See note at bottom of the New York 'Complete returns' section for further details.
9. Won subsequent special election.
10. Based on incomplete returns.

References

1. ^ Dubin, pg. 95; Martis, pg. 90.
2. ^ "Twentieth Congress March 4, 1827, to March 3, 1829". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved May 31, 2019 – via History.house.gov.
3. ^ "Twenty-First Congress March 4, 1829, to March 3, 1831". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Archived from the original on December 23, 2018. Retrieved May 30, 2019 – via History.house.gov.
4. "ME District 4 - Special Election - 1st Trial". January 11, 2011. Retrieved June 10, 2019 – via Our Campaigns.
5. "ME District 4 - Special Election - 2nd Trial". January 11, 2011. Retrieved June 10, 2019 – via Our Campaigns.
6. ^ "GA At-Large - Special Election". February 16, 2011. Retrieved June 19, 2019 – via Our Campaigns.
7. ^ Cox, Harold (January 31, 2007). "Pennsylvania Election Statistics: 1682-2006" (PDF). The Wilkes University Election Statistics Project. Wilkes University.
8. "NC District 05 - Special Election". June 26, 2005. Retrieved June 10, 2019 – via Our Campaigns.
9. "NC District 10 - Special Election". May 8, 2005. Retrieved July 11, 2019 – via OurCampaigns.com.
10. ^ "VA District 10 Special Election". December 25, 2014. Retrieved June 10, 2019 – via Our Campaigns.
11. "State of Connecticut Elections Database » Search Past Election Results". State of Connecticut Elections Database. Retrieved September 23, 2024.
12. "ME District 5 - 1st Trial". February 10, 2011. Retrieved June 11, 2019 – via Our Campaigns.
13. "ME District 5 - 2nd Trial". February 10, 2011. Retrieved June 11, 2019 – via Our Campaigns.
14. ^ "ME District 6 - 1st Trial". February 11, 2011. Retrieved June 11, 2019 – via Our Campaigns.
15. "ME District 6 - 2nd Trial". February 11, 2011. Retrieved June 11, 2019 – via Our Campaigns.
16. "ME District 6 - 3rd Trial". February 11, 2011. Retrieved June 11, 2019 – via Our Campaigns.
17. "ME District 6 - 4th Trial". February 11, 2011. Retrieved June 11, 2019 – via Our Campaigns.
18. "ME District 6 - 5th Trial". February 11, 2011. Retrieved June 11, 2019 – via Our Campaigns.
19. Dubin, p. 92, 94, 96.
20. "Wilkes University Elections Statistics Project" (PDF).
21. "VT Elections Database » Vermont Election Results and Statistics". VT Elections Database. Retrieved August 29, 2024.
22. "Virginia Elections Database » Virginia Election Results and Statistics". Virginia Elections Database. Retrieved August 31, 2024.

Bibliography

• Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
• Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
• Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
• "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
• "Twentieth Congress March 4, 1827, to March 3, 1829". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved May 9, 2019 – via History.house.gov.
• "Twenty-First Congress March 4, 1829, to March 3, 1831". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Archived from the original on December 23, 2018. Retrieved May 30, 2019 – via History.house.gov.

External links

• Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)

• 1828 United States House of Representatives elections
• 1829 United States House of Representatives elections
• Second Party System