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1841 United Kingdom general election

← 1837 29 June – 22 July 1841 (1841-06-29 – 1841-07-22) 1847 →
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All 658 seats in the House of Commons 330 seats needed for a majority
First party Second party Third party   Leader Sir Robert Peel Viscount Melbourne Daniel O'Connell Party Conservative Whig Irish Repeal Leader since 19 December 1834 16 July 1834 15 April 1840 Leader's seat Tamworth House of Lords Dublin City (defeated) County Cork Last election 314 seats, 47.6% 344 seats, 52.4% Compact with Whigs Seats before 314 314 30 Seats won 367 271 20 Seat change 53 43 10 Popular vote 306,314 273,902 12,537 Percentage 51.6% 46.2% 2.1% Swing 4.0 pp 6.2 pp New party
Colours denote the winning party
Composition of the Commons after the election
Prime Minister before election Viscount Melbourne Whig Prime Minister after election Sir Robert Peel Conservative

The 1841 United Kingdom general election, was held between 29 June and 22 July 1841 to elect members of the House of Commons, the lower house of Parliament of the United Kingdom. In this election, there was a large swing as Sir Robert Peel's Conservatives took control of the House of Commons. Melbourne's Whigs had seen their support in the Commons erode over the previous years. Whilst Melbourne enjoyed the firm support of the young Queen Victoria, his ministry had seen increasing defeats in the Commons, culminating in the defeat of the government's budget in May 1841 by 36 votes, and by 1 vote in a 4 June 1841 vote of no confidence put forward by Peel. According to precedent, Melbourne's defeat required his resignation. However, the cabinet decided to ask for a dissolution, which was opposed by Melbourne personally (he wished to resign, as he had attempted in 1839), but he came to accept the wishes of the ministers. Melbourne requested the Queen dissolve Parliament, leading to an election. The Queen thus prorogued Parliament on 22 June.

The Conservatives campaigned mainly on an 11-point programme modified from their previous electoral effort and designed by Peel, whilst the Whigs emphasised reforming the import duties on corn, replacing the existing sliding scale with a uniform rate. The Whig position lost them support amongst protectionists, and the Whigs saw heavy losses in constituencies like the West Riding, where aristocratic Whig families who held a strong tradition of unbroken representation in Parliament were rejected by the electorate.

O'Connell, who had been governing with the Whigs through a compact, felt the government's unpopularity rub off on him. His own party was shattered in the election. Barely a dozen Repealers retained their seats, and O'Connell himself lost in Dublin while his son was defeated in Carlow. The Chartists picked up only a few votes.

Results

Voting summary

Seats summary

Regional results

Great Britain

Party		Candidates	Unopposed	Seats	Seats change	Votes	%	% change
	Conservative	439	185	326	+42	286,650	52.7	+4.5
	Whig	333	83	229	−42	256,774	47.2	−4.6
	Chartist	8	0	0		692	0.1
Total		780	268	555		544,116	100

England

Party		Candidates	Unopposed	Seats	Seats change	Votes	%	% change
	Conservative	374	147	277		272,755	53.1
	Whig	277	62	187		236,813	46.8
	Chartist	4	0	0		307	0.1
Total		655	209	464		509,875	100

Scotland

Party		Candidates	Unopposed	Seats	Seats change	Votes	%	% change
	Whig	40	13	31	-2	16,356	60.8
	Conservative	35	16	22	+2	9,793	38.3
	Chartist	3	0	0		385	0.9
Total		78	29	53		26,534	100

Wales

Party		Candidates	Unopposed	Seats	Seats change	Votes	%	% change
	Conservative	24	16	21		4,102	53.2
	Whig	16	8	11		3,605	46.8
	Chartist	1	0	0		0	0.0
Total		41	24	32		7,707	100

Ireland

Universities

Party		Candidates	Unopposed	Seats	Seats change	Votes	%	% change
	Conservative	6	6	6		Uncontested	Uncontested
Total		6	6	6		Uncontested	Uncontested

Notable Whig MPs who lost their seats

• Viscount Morpeth, Chief Secretary for Ireland
• Sir George Strickland, Bt
• Sir Henry Barron, 1st Baronet

Notes

1. ^ The seat and vote count figures for the Whigs given here include the Speaker of the House of Commons

References

1. Kemp, Betty (June 1952), "The General Election of 1841", History, 37 (130): 146–157, doi:10.1111/j.1468-229X.1952.tb00231.x, JSTOR 24402876
2. Saint James's Chronicle Tuesday 22 June 1841, p.2.
3. Marriott, John (1913). England since Waterloo. p. 143. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
4. British Electoral Facts 1832–2006, compiled and edited by Colin Rallings and Michael Thrasher (Parliamentary Research Services, 2007)

Further reading

• Craig, F. W. S. (1989), British Electoral Facts: 1832–1987, Dartmouth: Gower, ISBN 0900178302
• Gash, Norman (1972), Sir Robert Peel: The life of Sir Robert Peel after 1830, pp. 234–72
• Rallings, Colin; Thrasher, Michael, eds. (2000), British Electoral Facts 1832–1999, Ashgate Publishing Ltd

External links

• Spartacus: Political Parties and Election Results

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See also Elections in England Northern Ireland Scotland Wales Great Britain

• 1841 United Kingdom general election
• 1841 elections in the United Kingdom
• 1841 in the United Kingdom
• General elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom
• June 1841 events
• July 1841 events
• 1840s elections in Ireland
• Robert Peel
• William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne