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Thirteenth census of the United States
← 1900 April 15, 1910 1920 →
U.S. Census Bureau seal
General information
Country	United States
Results
Total population	92,228,496 ( 21%)
Most populous state	New York 9,113,614
Least populous state	Nevada 81,875

The 1910 United States census, conducted by the Census Bureau on April 15, 1910, determined the resident population of the United States to be 92,228,496, an increase of 21 percent over the 76,212,168 persons enumerated during the 1900 census. The 1910 census switched from a portrait page orientation to a landscape orientation.

This was the last census in which Texas did not record any top 50 largest cities by population, despite being the 5th most populous state at the time. It was also the first census in which all the top 50 largest cities had population over 100,000, and the first census to occur after New York City's five-borough amalgamation — Brooklyn was previously the 4th largest city in the United States on its own.

The 1910 census was the first to use metropolitan districts, the predecessor to modern metropolitan statistical areas, which were defined for all cities with at least 200,000 people.

Organization

Dr. Edward Dana Durand, then-head of the Bureau of Corporations, was appointed in 1909 to oversee the census. $14 million were allocated to conduct the census.

Census questions

The 1910 census collected the following information:

• address
• name
• relationship to head of family
• sex
• race
• age
• marital status and, if married, number of years of present marriage
• for women, number of children born and number now living
• place of birth and mother tongue of person, and their parents
• if foreign born, year of immigration; whether naturalized; whether able to speak English and, if unable, language spoken
• occupation, industry and class of worker
• if an employee, whether out of work during year
• literacy
• school attendance
• whether home owned or rented, and, if owned, whether mortgaged
• whether farm or house
• whether a survivor of Union or Confederate Army or Navy
• whether blind, deaf, or dumb

Full documentation for the 1910 census, including census forms and enumerator instructions, is available from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series.

Column titles

The column titles in the census form are as follows:

LOCATION. Street, avenue, road, etc.
House number (in cities or towns).
1. Number of dwelling house in order of visitation.
2. Number of family in order of visitation.

3. NAME of each person whose place of abode on April 15, 1910, was in this family.

Enter surname first, then the given name and middle initial, if any.

Include every person living on April 15, 1910. Omit children born since April 15, 1910.

RELATION.

4. Relationship of this person to the head of the family.

PERSONAL DESCRIPTION.

5. Sex.

6. Color or race.

7. Age at last birthday.

8. Whether single, married, widowed, or divorced.

9. Number of years of present marriage.

10. Mother of how many children: Number born.

11. Mother of how many children: Number now living.

NATIVITY.

Place of birth of each person and parents of each person enumerated. If born in the United States, give the state or territory. If of foreign birth, give the country.

12. Place of birth of this Person.

13. Place of birth of Father of this person.

14. Place of birth of Mother of this person.

CITIZENSHIP.

15. Year of immigration to the United States.

16. Whether naturalized or alien.

17. Whether able to speak English; or, if not, give language spoken.

OCCUPATION.

18. Trade or profession of, or particular kind of work done by this person, as spinner, salesman, laborer, etc.,

19. General nature of industry, business, or establishment in which this person works, as cotton mill, dry goods store, farm, etc.

20. Whether as employer, employee, or work on own account.

If an employee – 21. Whether out of work on April 15, 1910.

22. Number of weeks out of work during year 1909.

EDUCATION.

23. Whether able to read.

24. Whether able to write.

25. Attended school any time since September 1, 1909.

OWNERSHIP OF HOME.

26. Owned or rented.

27. Owned free or mortgaged.

28. Farm or house.

29. Number of farm schedule.

30. Whether a survivor of the Union or Confederate Army or Navy.

31. Whether blind (both eyes).

32. Whether deaf and dumb.

State rankings

Rank	State	Population as of 1910 census	Population as of 1900 census	Change	Percent change
1	New York	9,113,614	7,268,894	1,844,720	25.4%
2	Pennsylvania	7,665,111	6,302,115	1,362,996	21.6%
3	Illinois	5,638,591	4,821,550	817,041	16.9%
4	Ohio	4,767,121	4,157,545	609,576	14.7%
5	Texas	3,896,542	3,048,710	847,832	27.8%
6	Massachusetts	3,366,416	2,805,346	561,070	20.0%
7	Missouri	3,293,335	3,106,665	186,670	6.0%
8	Michigan	2,810,173	2,420,982	389,191	16.1%
9	Indiana	2,700,876	2,516,462	184,414	7.3%
10	Georgia	2,609,121	2,216,331	392,790	17.7%
11	New Jersey	2,537,167	1,883,669	653,498	34.7%
12	California	2,377,549	1,485,053	892,496	60.1%
13	Wisconsin	2,333,860	2,069,042	264,818	12.8%
14	Kentucky	2,289,905	2,147,174	142,731	6.6%
15	Iowa	2,224,771	2,231,853	−7,082	−0.3%
16	North Carolina	2,206,287	1,893,810	312,477	16.5%
17	Tennessee	2,184,789	2,020,616	164,173	8.1%
18	Alabama	2,138,093	1,828,697	309,396	16.9%
19	Minnesota	2,075,708	1,751,394	324,314	18.5%
20	Virginia	2,061,612	1,854,184	207,428	11.2%
21	Mississippi	1,797,114	1,551,270	245,844	15.8%
22	Kansas	1,690,949	1,470,495	220,454	15.0%
23	Oklahoma	1,657,155	790,391	866,764	109.7%
24	Louisiana	1,656,388	1,381,625	274,763	19.9%
25	Arkansas	1,574,449	1,311,564	262,885	20.0%
26	South Carolina	1,515,400	1,340,316	175,084	13.1%
27	Maryland	1,295,346	1,188,044	107,302	9.0%
28	West Virginia	1,221,119	958,800	262,319	27.4%
29	Nebraska	1,192,214	1,066,300	125,914	11.8%
30	Washington	1,141,990	518,103	623,887	120.4%
31	Connecticut	1,114,756	908,420	206,336	22.7%
32	Colorado	799,024	539,700	259,324	48.0%
33	Florida	752,619	528,542	224,077	42.4%
34	Maine	742,371	694,466	47,905	6.9%
35	Oregon	672,765	413,536	259,229	62.7%
36	South Dakota	583,888	401,570	182,318	45.4%
37	North Dakota	577,056	319,146	257,910	80.8%
38	Rhode Island	542,610	428,556	114,054	26.6%
39	New Hampshire	430,572	411,588	18,984	4.6%
40	Montana	376,053	243,329	132,724	54.5%
41	Utah	373,351	276,749	96,602	34.9%
42	Vermont	355,956	343,641	12,315	3.6%
–	District of Columbia	331,069	278,718	52,351	18.8%
–	New Mexico	327,301	195,310	131,991	67.6%
43	Idaho	325,594	161,772	163,822	101.3%
–	Arizona	204,354	122,931	81,423	66.2%
44	Delaware	202,322	184,735	17,587	9.5%
–	Hawaii	191,874	154,001	37,873	24.6%
45	Wyoming	145,965	92,531	53,434	57.7%
46	Nevada	81,875	42,335	39,540	93.4%
–	Alaska	64,356	63,592	764	1.2%

City rankings

Locations of 50 most populous cities

First language of the foreign-born population

Data availability

The original census enumeration sheets were microfilmed by the Census Bureau in the 1940s; after which the original sheets were destroyed. The microfilmed census is available in rolls from the National Archives and Records Administration. Several organizations also host images of the microfilmed census online, along with digital indices.

Microdata from the 1910 census are freely available through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Aggregate data for small areas, together with electronic boundary files, can be downloaded from the National Historical Geographic Information System.

Notes

1. Gardner, Todd (February 2021). Changes in Metropolitan Area Definition, 1910–2010 (PDF). Center for Economic Studies (Report). United States Census Bureau. p. 12. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
2. ^ Willis, H. Parker (1913). "The Thirteenth Census". Journal of Political Economy. 21 (7): 577–592. doi:10.1086/252277. ISSN 0022-3808.
3. "Library Bibliography Bulletin 88, New York State Census Records, 1790–1925". New York State Library. October 1981. p. 45 (p. 51 of PDF). Archived from the original on January 30, 2009. Retrieved December 15, 2008.
4. 1910 Census: Volume 1. Population, General Report and Analysis
5. Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990, U.S. Census Bureau, 1998
6. "Regions and Divisions". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on December 3, 2016. Retrieved September 9, 2016.
7. "Tech Paper 29: Table 6. Mother Tongue of the Foreign-Born Population: 1910 to 1940, 1960, and 1970". June 2, 2000. Archived from the original on June 2, 2000. Retrieved March 28, 2021.
8. Algonquin Area Public Library District. "Census Secrets" (PDF). Retrieved May 17, 2012.

External links

• 1911 U.S Census Report Contains 1910 census results
• Historic US Census data

• 1910 in the United States
• United States census
• 1910 censuses