 A BAC 1-11 in British Aircraft Corporation livery similar to the accident aircraft. | |
| Accident | |
|---|---|
| Date | 22 October 1963 (1963-10-22) |
| Summary | Deep stall |
| Site | Near Chicklade, Wiltshire, England, United Kingdom 51°07′31″N 2°08′09″W / 51.1252672°N 2.1358360°W / 51.1252672; -2.1358360 |
| Aircraft | |
| Aircraft type | BAC One-Eleven 200AB |
| Operator | British Aircraft Corporation |
| Registration | G-ASHG |
| Flight origin | Wisley Airfield, Surrey, United Kingdom |
| Stopover | Wisley Airfield, Surrey, United Kingdom |
| Occupants | 7 |
| Crew | 7 |
| Fatalities | 7 |
| Survivors | 0 |
The 1963 BAC One-Eleven test crash was a fatal accident of a British Aircraft Corporation prototype aircraft on 22 October 1963, near Chicklade in Wiltshire, England while it was undertaking a test flight. All seven crew members on board the BAC One-Eleven were killed.
Accident
The accident occurred during a test flight of the first prototype BAC One-Eleven (registration G-ASHG) which had taken off from Wisley Airfield with seven crew on board, piloted by Mike Lithgow. The aircraft was on its fifth test flight to assess stability and handling characteristics during the approach to—and recovery from—a stall with the centre of gravity in varying positions. From an altitude of 16,000 feet (4,900 m) and with the flaps extended 8°, the aircraft entered a stable stall and descended at a high rate in a horizontal attitude, eventually striking the ground with very little forward speed. The aircraft broke up on impact at Cratt Hill, near Chicklade, a small village in southern Wiltshire and caught fire, killing all seven crew on board.
The aircraft was on its fifth stalling test of the day, and the crash occurred 23 minutes after takeoff from Wisley. The crew were Lt. Cdr. M J Lithgow OBE, Chief Test Pilot; Capt. R Rymer (Test Pilot); B J Prior (Aerodynamicist); C J Webb (Designer); R A F Wright (Senior Observer); G R Poulter (Observer) and D J Clark (Observer).
Cause
The cause of the accident was the aircraft entering a stable stalled condition, recovery from which was impossible due to the wings blocking the airflow over the elevators on the tail. This was the first accident to be attributed to the phenomenon known as deep stall, peculiar to rear engine T-tailed aircraft.
Aftermath
Once the condition of deep stall was recognised, relatively simple preventative measures were introduced, including stick-shakers indicating an approaching stall and stick-pushers which automatically operate the elevators and physically lower the nose before the stall is reached, while the tailplane and pitch controls are still effective.
Memorial
In October 2013 a stone memorial was dedicated at the crash site, listing the seven victims. The ceremony was attended by the CO of the Royal Navy Historic Flight; Lord Margadale (the owner of the land); and families of the crew members. The memorial bears a quotation from the annotation of the 1817 edition of The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, a poem by Samuel Taylor Coleridge: '...and everywhere the blue sky belongs to them and is their appointed rest and their native country.'
See also
References
- ^ "Chicklade memorial to crew killed in test flight crash". BBC News. 21 October 2013. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
- Report on the Accident to B.A.C. One-Eleven G-ASHG at Cratt Hill, near Chicklade, Wiltshire on 22nd October 1963, Ministry of Aviation C.A.P. 219, 1965
- "British Aircraft Corporation BAC 1-11". www.globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
- "BAC 1-11 - DC-9.com". 14 February 2013. Archived from the original on 14 February 2013. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
- Chris von Patzelt, 'BAC ONE-ELEVEN G-ASHG REMEMBERED', Hindon and Chicklade Parish magazine, December 2013, p. 4.
External links
- https://www.baaa-acro.com/sites/default/files/2017-12/G-ASHG.pdf
- http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19631022-0
- http://www.planecrashinfo.com/1963/1963-52.htm
- https://web.archive.org/web/20120402184556/http://www.baaa-acro.com/photos/BAc111-BAC-Bournemouth.jpg
- 1963 Pathe film 'The Price of Progress' of the crash site and BAC 111 prototype G-ASHG in British United livery https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sdw9TcHGTZI
| Aviation accidents and incidents in 1963 (1963) | |
|---|---|
| Jan 13 Elephant Mountain B-52 crashFeb 1 Ankara mid-air collisionFeb 12 Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 705Mar 2 Philippine Air Lines Flight 984Mar 5 Aeroflot Flight 191Mar 5 Camden PA-24 crashApr 4 Aeroflot Flight 25May 3 Serviços Aéreos Cruzeiro do Sul Flight 144Jun 3 Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 293Jul 2 Mohawk Airlines Flight 112Jul 3 NZ National Airways Flight 441Jul 13 Aeroflot Flight 012Jul 27 United Arab Airlines Flight 869Aug 12 Air Inter Flight 2611Aug 21 Aeroflot Flight 366Aug 24 Aeroflot Flight 663Sep 4 Swissair Flight 306Oct 22 BAC One-Eleven test crashNov 8 Aero Flight 217Nov 22 Poonch IAF helicopter crashNov 29 Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 831Dec 8 Pan Am Flight 214 | |
| 1962 ◄ ► 1964 |
| Aviation accidents and incidents in the United Kingdom in the 1960s | |
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| 1962 |
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| 1963 |
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| 1965 |
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| 1967 |
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| 1968 |
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| 1969 |
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| Accidents and incidents in Crown Dependencies and current Overseas Territories are marked with an asterisk (*). 1950–1959 ◄ 1960–1969 ► 1970–1979 | |