This is a list of spaceflights launched between January and June 1991. For launches between July and December, see 1991 in spaceflight (July–December). For an overview of the whole year, see 1991 in spaceflight.
Orbital launches
Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) |
Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
Remarks | |||||||
January | |||||||
8 January 00:53:01 |
Delta II (7925) | Cape Canaveral SLC-17B | McDonnell Douglas | ||||
NATO-4A | NATO | Geosynchronous | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
14 January 14:50:27 |
Soyuz-U2 | Baikonur Site 1/5 | RVSN | ||||
Progress M-6 | MOM | Low Earth, docked to Mir | Resupply Mir | 15 March 1991 | Successful | ||
15 January 23:10:49 |
Ariane 4 (44L) | Kourou ELA-2 | Arianespace | ||||
Italsat 1 | ASI | Geostationary | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
Eutelsat 2F2 | Eutelsat | Geostationary | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
17 January 10:30 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 16/2 | RVSN | ||||
Kosmos 2121 (Zenit-8) | MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 10 February 1991 | Successful | ||
18 January 11:34 |
Tsyklon-2 | Baikonur | RVSN | ||||
Kosmos 2122 (US-P) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Naval Reconnaissance | 28 March 1993 | Successful | ||
29 January 11:59:58 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | RVSN | ||||
Informator-1 | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
February | |||||||
5 February 02:36 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | RVSN | ||||
Kosmos 2123 (Tsikada) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
7 February 18:15 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 16 | RVSN | ||||
Kosmos 2124 (Yantar-4K2) | MOM | Low Earth | 7 April 1991 | Successful | |||
12 February 02:44 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | RVSN | ||||
Kosmos 2125 (Strela-1M) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
Kosmos 2126 (Strela-1M) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
Kosmos 2127 (Strela-1M) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
Kosmos 2128 (Strela-1M) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
Kosmos 2129 (Strela-1M) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
Kosmos 2130 (Strela-1M) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
Kosmos 2131 (Strela-1M) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
Kosmos 2132 (Strela-1M) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
14 February 08:31:56 |
Proton-K / DM-2 | Baikonur Site 200/39 | RVSN | ||||
Kosmos 2133 (Prognoz) | MOM | Geosynchronous | Missile defence | In orbit | Successful | ||
15 February 09:30 |
Soyuz-U | Baikonur | RVSN | ||||
Kosmos 2134 (Yantar-1KFT) | MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 1 April 1991 | Successful | ||
15 February 15:19 |
Molniya-M | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | RVSN | ||||
Molniya-1-80 | MOM | Molniya | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
26 February 04:53:06 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | RVSN | ||||
Kosmos 2135 (Parus) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
28 February 05:30:00 |
Proton-K / DM-2 | Baikonur Site 81/23 | RVSN | ||||
MOM | Geostationary | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
March | |||||||
2 March 23:36:00 |
Ariane 4 (44LP) | Kourou ELA-2 | Arianespace | ||||
Astra 1B | SES Astra | Geosynchronous | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
Meteosat 5 | ESA / EUMETSAT | Geosynchronous | Weather | In orbit | Successful | ||
6 March 15:30 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 16 | RVSN | ||||
Kosmos 2136 (Zenit-8) | MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 20 March 1991 | Successful | ||
8 March 12:03 |
Titan IVA (403A) | Vandenberg SLC-4E | US Air Force | ||||
USA-69 (Lacrosse-2) | NRO | Low Earth | Radar Reconnaissance | In orbit | Successful | ||
First Titan IV launch from Vandenberg AFB Was one of the oldest operational reconnaissance satellite till 2008. | |||||||
8 March 23:03 |
Delta II (6925) | Cape Canaveral SLC-17B | McDonnell Douglas | ||||
Inmarsat 2F2 | Inmarsat | Geosynchronous | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
12 March 19:29:04 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | RVSN | ||||
Nadezhda-3 | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
19 March 13:05:15 |
Soyuz-U2 | Baikonur Site 1/5 | RVSN | ||||
Progress M-7 | MOM | Low Earth, docked to Mir | Resupply Mir | 7 May 1991 | Successful | ||
19 March 14:30 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 132/1 | RVSN | ||||
Kosmos 2137 (Taifun-1) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Radar calibration | 3 April 1995 | Successful | ||
22 March 12:19:59 |
Molniya-M | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | RVSN | ||||
Molniya-3-55L | MOM | Molniya | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
26 March 13:45 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 16 | RVSN | ||||
Kosmos 2138 (Yantar-4K2) | MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 24 May 1991 | Successful | ||
31 March 15:12:00 |
Proton-K | Baikonur Site 200/40 | RVSN | ||||
Almaz-1 | MOM | Low Earth | Radar reconnaissance | 17 October 1992 | Successful | ||
April | |||||||
4 April 10:47:12 |
Proton-K / DM-2 | Baikonur Site 200/39 | RVSN | ||||
Kosmos 2139 (GLONASS) | MOM | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
Kosmos 2140 (GLONASS) | MOM | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
Kosmos 2141 (GLONASS) | MOM | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
4 April 23:33:00 |
Ariane 4 (44P) | Kourou ELA-2 | Arianespace | ||||
Anik E2 | Telesat | Geosynchronous | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
5 April 14:22:45 |
Space Shuttle Atlantis | Kennedy LC-39B | United Space Alliance | ||||
STS-37 | NASA | Low Earth | Manned orbital flight | 11 April 1991 | Successful | ||
Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) | NASA | Low Earth | Gamma ray astronomy | 4 June 2000 | Successful | ||
13 April 00:09 |
Delta II (7925) | Cape Canaveral SLC-17B | McDonnell Douglas | ||||
Spacenet 4 | GE Americom | Geostationary | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
16 April 07:21:42 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 132/1 | RVSN | ||||
Kosmos 2142 (Parus) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
18 April 23:30 |
Atlas I | Cape Canaveral LC-36B | General Dynamics | ||||
Yuri 3H | General Dynamics | Intended: Geosynchronous | Communication | T+361 seconds | Failure | ||
Destroyed by RSO after upper stage turbopump malfunction Apogee: 175 kilometres (109 mi) | |||||||
24 April 01:37:00 |
Tsyklon-3 | Plesetsk | RVSN | ||||
Meteor-3-4 | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Weather | In orbit | Successful | ||
28 April 11:33:14 |
Space Shuttle Discovery | Kennedy LC-39A | United Space Alliance | ||||
STS-39 | NASA | Low Earth | Manned orbital flight | 6 May 1991 | Successful | ||
IBSS-SPAS (SPAS 02) | SDIO | Low Earth | Missile defence experiments | 6 May 1991 | Successful | ||
USA-70 (MPEC) | DARPA | Low Earth | Technology | 13 May 1991 | Successful | ||
CRO-C | SDIO | Low Earth | Chemical release | 14 May 1991 | Successful | ||
CRO-B | SDIO | Low Earth | Chemical release | 12 May 1991 | Successful | ||
CRO-A | SDIO | Low Earth | Chemical release | 13 May 1991 | Successful | ||
May | |||||||
14 May 15:52:03 |
Atlas-E | Vandenberg SLC-3W | US Air Force | ||||
NOAA-12 | NOAA | Low Earth (SSO) | Weather | In orbit | Successful | ||
16 May 21:40 |
Tsyklon-3 | Plesetsk | RVSN | ||||
Kosmos 2143 (Strela-3) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
Kosmos 2144 (Strela-3) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
Kosmos 2145 (Strela-3) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
Kosmos 2146 (Strela-3) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
Kosmos 2147 (Strela-3) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
Kosmos 2148 (Strela-3) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
18 May 12:50:28 |
Soyuz-U2 | Baikonur Site 1/5 | RVSN | ||||
Soyuz TM-12 | MOM | Low Earth, docked to Mir | Manned orbital flight | 10 October 1991 | Successful | ||
21 May 09:00:00 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | RVSN | ||||
Resurs-F-10 | MOM | Low Earth | Remote sensing | 20 June 1991 | Successful | ||
24 May 15:29 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | RVSN | ||||
Kosmos 2149 (Yantar-4K2) | MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 4 July 1991 | Successful | ||
29 May 22:55 |
Delta II (7925) | Cape Canaveral SLC-17B | McDonnell Douglas | ||||
Aurora 2 | GE Alascom | Geostationary | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
30 May 08:04:03 |
Soyuz-U2 | Baikonur Site 1/5 | RVSN | ||||
Progress M-8 | MOM | Low Earth, docked to Mir | Resupply Mir | 16 August 1991 | Successful | ||
June | |||||||
4 June 08:10:00 |
Tsyklon-3 | Plesetsk Site 32/2 | RVSN | ||||
Okean-3 | MOM | Low Earth | Oceanography | In orbit | Successful | ||
5 June 13:24:51 |
Space Shuttle Columbia | Kennedy LC-39B | United Space Alliance | ||||
STS-40 | NASA | Low Earth | Manned orbital flight | 14 June 1991 | Successful | ||
SLS-1 (Spacelab) | ESA / NASA | Low Earth | Biological research | In orbit | Successful | ||
11 June 05:41 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 133/3 | RVSN | ||||
Kosmos 2150 (Strela-2M) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
13 June 15:41 |
Tsyklon-3 | Plesetsk | RVSN | ||||
Kosmos 2151 (Tselina-R) | MO SSSR | Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Successful | ||
18 June 09:09 |
Molniya-M | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | RVSN | ||||
Molniya-1-81 | MOM | Molniya | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
25 June | Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 132/1 | RVSN | ||||
Taifun-2-28 | MO SSSR | Intended: Low Earth | Radar calibration | 25 June 1991 | Failure | ||
Second stage malfunction | |||||||
28 June 08:09:59 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | RVSN | ||||
Resurs-F-11 | MOM | Low Earth | Remote sensing | 21 July 1991 | Successful | ||
29 June 14:00 |
Scout G-1 | Vandenberg SLC-5 | NASA | ||||
REX-1 (P89-1A / ISES) | US Air Force / STP | Low Earth (Polar) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Successful |
Suborbital launches
Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Payload | Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
Remarks | |||||||
January-March | |||||||
17 January | Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 17 January 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
19 January | Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 19 January 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 19 January 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 19 January 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
20 January 18:43 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 20 January 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 20 January 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
21 January 08:29 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 21 January 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 21 January 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
21 January 09:42 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 21 January 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 21 January 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 21 January 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 21 January 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
21 January 19:18 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Al Jubayl | 21 January 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
22 January 00:41 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 22 January 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 22 January 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 22 January 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) Aimed at US Air Force base, intercepted by Patriot ABM, warhead fell on a civilian neighbourhood. | |||||||
22 January 04:10 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 22 January 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 22 January 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 22 January 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) Aimed at US Air Force base. Intercepted by Patriot ABM, but still hit target. | |||||||
22 January | Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 22 January 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
22 January | Zhinui 3 | Haikou Space Centre, Hainan | CALT | ||||
CALT | Sub-orbital | Test flight | 22 January 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 120 kilometres (75 mi) | |||||||
23 January 19:54 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 23 January 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 23 January 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 23 January 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 23 January 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 23 January 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
25 January 19:23 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 25 January 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 25 January 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) Aimed at Coalition headquarters, intercepted by Patriot ABM, hit Saudi Department of Interior. | |||||||
25 January | Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 25 January 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
26 January 00:28 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 26 January 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
26 January 06:25 |
Black Brant IX | White Sands LC-36 | NASA | ||||
NASA / JHU | Sub-orbital | Ultraviolet Astronomy | 26 January 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
26 January 19:46 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 26 January 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
26 January | Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 26 January 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
28 January 17:55 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 28 January 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) Aimed at downtown Riyadh, intercepted by Patriot ABM, debris damaged a farm. | |||||||
28 January 18:24:24 |
ERIS | Meck Island, Kwajalein Atoll | US Air Force | ||||
ERIS | US Air Force | Sub-orbital | Interceptor test | 28 January 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 270 kilometres (170 mi) Intercepted Aries rocket | |||||||
28 January 18:03:00 |
Minuteman IB | Vandenberg LF-03 | US Air Force | ||||
US Air Force | Sub-orbital | Target | 28 January 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
2 February, 21:41 | Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 2 February 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
2 February | Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 2 February 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 2 February 1991 | Successful | ||
6 February 07:29 |
LCLV | Wallops Island | Orbital Sciences | ||||
NRL | Sub-orbital | Plasma research | 6 February 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 510 kilometres (320 mi) | |||||||
6 February 17:30 |
MR-12 | Kapustin Yar | MO SSSR | ||||
MO SSSR | Sub-orbital | Plasma research | 6 February 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
7 February 08:15 |
RT-2PM Topol | Plesetsk | RVSN | ||||
RVSN | Sub-orbital | Missile test | 7 February 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
7 February 22:54 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 7 February 1991 | Successful | ||
11 February 19:20 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 11 February 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
11 February | Prithvi | Sriharikota | DRDL | ||||
DRDL | Sub-orbital | Missile test | 11 February 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
12 February 03:29 |
S-520 | Andøya | ISAS | ||||
ISAS | Sub-orbital | Auroral | 12 February 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 353 kilometres (219 mi) | |||||||
12 February 09:11:54 |
Black Brant XII | Poker Flat | NASA | ||||
TOPAZ-3 | NASA | Sub-orbital | Plasma research | 12 February 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
14 February 08:45 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack King Khalid Military City | 14 February 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Hafir Al Batin | 14 February 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi), hit King Khalid Military City. | |||||||
15 February 23:01 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Al Jubayl | 15 February 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
16 February 13:00 |
S-520 | Kagoshima LA-K | ISAS | ||||
ISAS | Sub-orbital | Ultraviolet Astronomy | 16 February 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 337 kilometres (209 mi) | |||||||
18 February 14:30 |
Strypi-XI | Barking Sands LC-1 | SDIO | ||||
Bow Shock 2 | SDIO | Sub-orbital | Reentry Test | 18 February 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 120 kilometres (75 mi) | |||||||
21 February 14:06 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack King Khalid Military City | 21 February 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack King Khalid Military City | 21 February 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
21 February 18:00 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack King Khalid Military City | 21 February 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
21 February 23:31 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Bahrain | 21 February 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
22 February 19:46 |
Black Brant IX | White Sands LC-36 | NASA | ||||
NASA | Sub-orbital | Solar research | 22 February 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
23 February 01:59 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 23 February 1991 | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 23 February 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
24 February 01:32 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 24 February 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) Aimed at Coalition headquarters, intercepted by Patriot ABM, debris fell on a school. | |||||||
24 February 06:23 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 24 February 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
24 February 09:17 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Riyadh | 24 February 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
24 February | Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | 24 February 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
25 February 17:32 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Dhahran | 25 February 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) Hit US Army barracks, killing 28 and injuring 110. | |||||||
25 February 22:26 |
Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Qatar | 25 February 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
February | Al Hussein | Iraq | IQAF | ||||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | Within an hour of launch | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | Within an hour of launch | Successful | ||
High Explosive warhead | IQAF | Sub-orbital | Attack Israel | Within an hour of launch | Successful | ||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
12 March | LGM-118 Peacekeeper | Vandenberg LF-02 | US Air Force | ||||
US Air Force | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 12 March 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
18 March 10:15 |
Black Brant IX | White Sands LC-36 | NASA | ||||
SXT | NASA / University of Colorado, Boulder | Sub-orbital | X-ray astronomy | 18 March 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
19 March | UGM-96 Trident I (Trident C-4) | Submarine, WTR | US Navy | ||||
US Navy | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 19 March 1991 | Successful | |||
US Navy | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 19 March 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
23 March 07:00 |
Black Brant IX | White Sands LC-36 | NASA | ||||
MAMA | NASA | Sub-orbital | Ultraviolet Astronomy | 23 March 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
30 March 02:27 |
Black Brant IX | White Sands LC-36 | NASA | ||||
NASA | Sub-orbital | Aeronomy | 30 March 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
April-June | |||||||
5 April 14:05 |
RT-2PM Topol | Plesetsk | RVSN | ||||
RVSN | Sub-orbital | Missile test | 5 April 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
9 April 17:50 |
Skylark 7 | Esrange LA-S | DLR | ||||
SISSI-4 | DLR | Sub-orbital | Aeronomy | 9 April 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 245 kilometres (152 mi) | |||||||
9 April 18:18 |
Viper 3A | Esrange | DLR | ||||
PMSE | DLR | Sub-orbital | Aeronomy | 9 April 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 110 kilometres (68 mi) | |||||||
9 April 19:20 |
Viper 3A | Esrange | DLR | ||||
PMSE | DLR | Sub-orbital | Aeronomy | 9 April 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 110 kilometres (68 mi) | |||||||
12 April | HPB | Wallops Island | Orbital Sciences | ||||
Orbital Sciences | Sub-orbital | Target | 12 April 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 400 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
15 April 22:10 |
UGM-133 Trident II (Trident D-5) | USS West Virginia, ETR | US Navy | ||||
DASO-6 | US Navy | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 15 April 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
17 April 07:46 |
Black Brant 10CM1 | Wallops Island | SDIO | ||||
SPFE-2 | SDIO | Sub-orbital | Technology demonstration | 17 April 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
18 April 18:33 |
MGM-134 Midgetman | Vandenberg TP-01 | US Air Force | ||||
US Air Force | Sub-orbital | Missile test | 18 April 1991 | Successful | |||
Final flight of the Midgetman Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
25 April 18:00 |
Nike Orion | Poker Flat | NASA | ||||
CWAS-19 | NASA | Sub-orbital | Aeronomy | 25 April 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi) | |||||||
29 April | Sonda-3 | Barreira do Inferno | IAE | ||||
INPE | Sub-orbital | Ionospheric research | 29 April 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 441 kilometres (274 mi) | |||||||
30 April 19:19 |
Nike Orion | Poker Flat | NASA | ||||
CWAS-20 | NASA | Sub-orbital | Aeronomy | 30 April 1991 | Failure | ||
Apogee: 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) | |||||||
4 May 04:10 |
Black Brant IX | White Sands LC-36 | NASA | ||||
JASPR-I | NASA | Sub-orbital | Ultraviolet Astronomy | 4 May 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
7 May 18:05 |
Black Brant IX | White Sands LC-36 | NASA | ||||
SERTS-4 | NASA | Sub-orbital | Solar research | 7 May 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
8 May 03:54:00 |
Maxus | Esrange | SSC | ||||
SSC | Sub-orbital | Microgravity | 8 May 1991 | Failure | |||
Apogee: 157 kilometres (98 mi) | |||||||
10 May | UGM-96 Trident I (Trident C-4) | USS Mariano G. Vallejo, ETR | US Navy | ||||
FCET | US Navy | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 10 May 1991 | Successful | ||
FCET | US Navy | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 10 May 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
11 May 20:40 |
Minuteman IB | Vandenberg LF-03 | US Air Force | ||||
US Air Force | Sub-orbital | Target | 11 May 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) Interceptor launch scrubbed | |||||||
13 May 19:03 |
Black Brant IX | White Sands LC-36 | NASA | ||||
MSSTA-I | NASA | Sub-orbital | X-ray astronomy | 13 May 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 230 kilometres (140 mi) | |||||||
20 May 07:30 |
Aries | White Sands LC-36 | NASA | ||||
SXT (XOGS) | NASA | Sub-orbital | X-ray astronomy | 20 May 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
28 May 12:05 |
R-36MUTTH (SS-18 Mod 4) | Baikonur | RVSN | ||||
RVSN | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 28 May 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
May | Hwasong-6 | Qom | DPRK | ||||
DPRK | Sub-orbital | Missile test | Within an hour of launch | Successful | |||
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
11 June 17:47 |
LGM-118 Peacekeeper | Vandenberg LF-08 | US Air Force | ||||
US Air Force | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 11 June 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
18 June 11:34 |
Prospector | Cape Canaveral LC-20 | Orbital Sciences | ||||
Orbital Sciences | Sub-orbital | Microgravity | 18 June 1991 | Failure | |||
Apogee: 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) | |||||||
21 June | Minuteman IB | Vandenberg LF-03 | US Air Force | ||||
US Air Force | Sub-orbital | Re-entry vehicle test | 21 June 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
24 June | SSBS S3 | Biscarrosse BLB | DMA | ||||
DMA | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 24 June 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
25 June 17:00 |
RT-2PM Topol | Plesetsk | RVSN | ||||
RVSN | Sub-orbital | Missile test | 25 June 1991 | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
26 June 02:39 |
Minuteman III | Vandenberg LF-26 | US Air Force | ||||
GT-144GB | US Air Force | Sub-orbital | Operational test flight | 26 June 1991 | Successful | ||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
References
- Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
- Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
- Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
- Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
- Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
- McDowell, Jonathan. "GCAT Orbital Launch Log".
- Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
- Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
- Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
- Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
- "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
- "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
- "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
- "Space Information Center". JAXA.
- "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
Spaceflight portal Categories: