Misplaced Pages

Eurovision Song Contest 1996
Dates
Final	18 May 1996 (1996-05-18)
Host
Venue	Oslo Spektrum Oslo, Norway
Presenter(s)	Ingvild Bryn Morten Harket
Musical director	Frode Thingnæs
Director	Pål Veiglum
EBU scrutineer	Christine Marchal-Ortiz
Executive producer	Odd Arvid Strømstad
Host broadcaster	Norsk rikskringkasting (NRK)
Website	eurovision.tv/event/oslo-1996
Participants
Number of entries	23
Debuting countries	None
Returning countries	Estonia  Finland  Netherlands  Slovakia   Switzerland
Non-returning countries	Denmark  Germany  Hungary  Israel  Russia
Participation map      Finalist countries     Countries eliminated in the qualifying round     Countries that participated in the past but not in 1996
Vote
Voting system	Each country awarded 12, 10, 8–1 points to their ten favourite songs
Winning song	Ireland "The Voice"
1995 ← Eurovision Song Contest → 1997

The Eurovision Song Contest 1996 was the 41st edition of the Eurovision Song Contest, held on 18 May 1996 at the Oslo Spektrum in Oslo, Norway. Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Norsk rikskringkasting (NRK) and presented by Ingvild Bryn and Morten Harket, the contest was held in Norway following the country's victory at the 1995 contest with the song "Nocturne" by Secret Garden.

Thirty countries submitted entries to the contest, with a non-public, audio-only qualifying round held two months before the final to reduce the number of participants from 30 to 23. The entries from Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Israel, Macedonia, Romania, and Russia were subsequently eliminated, which resulted in Germany being absent from the contest for the first – and as of 2024 only – time.

The winner was Ireland with the song "The Voice", written by Brendan Graham and performed by Eimear Quinn. This gave the nation a record-extending seventh contest win, their fourth win in five years, with Graham also recording his second win as a songwriter in three years after having written the winning song at the 1994 contest. Norway, Sweden, Croatia, and Estonia took the remaining places in the top five, with Croatia, Estonia, and Portugal, which placed sixth, achieving their best results to date. This was the final contest where the results were determined solely by jury voting, with a trial use of televoting in the following year's event leading to widespread adoption from 1998 onwards.

Location

The 1996 contest took place in Oslo, Norway, following the country's victory at the 1995 contest with the song "Nocturne", performed by Secret Garden. It was the second time that Norway had hosted the contest, following the 1986 contest staged in Bergen. The chosen venue was the Oslo Spektrum, an indoor arena opened in 1990 and located in the Sentrum district of the city, which has hosted music concerts, ice hockey matches, and the annual Nobel Peace Prize Concert. Around 6,000 spectators were present in the venue during the contest.

Participating countries

A total of thirty countries submitted entries for the 1996 contest, however per the rules of the event only twenty-three countries would be allowed to participate. Norway, by virtue of being the host country, was guaranteed a place, with all remaining countries competing in the qualifying round in order to gain a spot in the event. Initially broadcasters from thirty-three countries expressed an interest in participating, however planned entries from Bulgaria, Moldova, and Ukraine failed to materialise; these nations would eventually make their contest debuts in the 2000s.

Three representatives who had performed as lead artists in previous contests featured among the performers at this event. Marianna Efstratiou represented Greece for the second time, having previously competed in the 1989 contest, while Elisabeth Andreassen made her fourth contest appearance, having competed for Sweden in 1982 as a member of the band Chips, as well as representing Norway twice, winning the contest in 1985 as a member of Bobbysocks! and performing with Jan Werner Danielsen in 1994. Additionally, Georgina Abela, who had represented Malta at the 1991 contest with Paul Giordimaina, returned as a backing singer for the Maltese entrant Miriam Christine.

Participants in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996

Country	Broadcaster	Artist	Song	Language	Songwriter(s)	Conductor
Austria	ORF	George Nussbaumer [de]	"Weil's dr guat got"	German	Mischa Krausz George Nussbaumer	Mischa Krausz
Belgium	BRTN	Lisa del Bo	"Liefde is een kaartspel"	Dutch	Siirak Brogden Daniël Ditmar John Terra	Bob Porter
Bosnia and Herzegovina	RTVBiH	Amila Glamočak	"Za našu ljubav"	Bosnian	Sinan Alimanović Adnan Bajramović Aida Frljak	Sinan Alimanović
Croatia	HRT	Maja Blagdan	"Sveta ljubav"	Croatian	Zrinko Tutić	Alan Bjelinski
Cyprus	CyBC	Constantinos	"Mono gia mas" (Μόνο για μας)	Greek	Andreas Giorgallis Rodoula Papalambrianou	Stavros Lantsias
Estonia	ETV	Maarja-Liis Ilus and Ivo Linna	"Kaelakee hääl"	Estonian	Priit Pajusaar Kaari Sillamaa	Tarmo Leinatamm
Finland	YLE	Jasmine	"Niin kaunis on taivas"	Finnish	Timo Niemi	Olli Ahvenlahti
France	France Télévision	Dan Ar Braz and l'Héritage des Celtes	"Diwanit bugale"	Breton	Dan Ar Braz	Fiachra Trench
Greece	ERT	Marianna Efstratiou	"Emis forame to himona anixiatika" (Εμείς φοράμε το χειμώνα ανοιξιάτικα)	Greek	Kostas Bigalis Iro Trigoni	Mihalis Rozakis
Iceland	RÚV	Anna Mjöll	"Sjúbídú"	Icelandic	Anna Mjöll Ólafsdóttir Ólafur Gaukur Þórhallsson	Ólafur Gaukur Þórhallsson
Ireland	RTÉ	Eimear Quinn	"The Voice"	English	Brendan Graham	Noel Kelehan
Malta	PBS	Miriam Christine	"In a Woman's Heart"	English	Paul Abela Alfred Sant	Paul Abela
Netherlands	NOS	Maxine and Franklin Brown	"De eerste keer"	Dutch	Peter van Asten Piet Souer	Dick Bakker
Norway	NRK	Elisabeth Andreassen	"I evighet"	Norwegian	Torhild Nigar	Frode Thingnæs
Poland	TVP	Kasia Kowalska	"Chcę znać swój grzech"	Polish	Robert Amirian Kasia Kowalska	Wiesław Pieregorólka
Portugal	RTP	Lúcia Moniz	"O meu coração não tem cor"	Portuguese	José Fanha Pedro Osório	Pedro Osório
Slovakia	STV	Marcel Palonder	"Kým nás máš"	Slovak	Juraj Burian Jozef Urban	Juraj Burian
Slovenia	RTVSLO	Regina	"Dan najlepših sanj"	Slovene	Aleksander Kogoj	Jože Privšek
Spain	TVE	Antonio Carbonell	"Ay, qué deseo"	Spanish	Antonio Carmona José Miguel Carmona Juan Carmona	Eduardo Leiva
Sweden	SVT	One More Time	"Den vilda"	Swedish	Nanne Grönvall Peter Grönvall	Anders Berglund
Switzerland	SRG SSR	Kathy Leander	"Mon cœur l'aime"	French	Régis Mounir	Rui dos Reis
Turkey	TRT	Şebnem Paker	"Beşinci Mevsim"	Turkish	Levent Çoker Selma Çuhacı	Selma Çuhaci Levent Çoker
United Kingdom	BBC	Gina G	"Ooh Aah... Just a Little Bit"	English	Steve Rodway Simon Tauber	Ernie Dunstall

Entires which failed to progress from the qualifying round

Country	Broadcaster	Artist	Song	Language	Songwriter(s)
Denmark	DR	Dorthe Andersen [dk] and Martin Loft [dk]	"Kun med dig"	Danish	Keld Heick Jascha Richter
Germany	NDR	Leon	"Planet of Blue"	German	Hanne Haller Anna Rubach
Hungary	MTV	Gjon Delhusa	"Fortuna"	Hungarian	Gjon Delhusa
Israel	IBA	Galit Bell [he]	"Shalom Olam" (שלום עולם)	Hebrew	Eyal Madan Doron Vitenberg
Macedonia	MRT	Kaliopi	"Samo ti" (Само ти)	Macedonian	Kaliopi
Romania	TVR	Monica Anghel and Sincron	"Rugă pentru pacea lumii"	Romanian	Cornel Fugaru Mirela Voiculescu
Russia	RTR	Andrey Kosinskiy [ru]	"Ya eto ya" (Я это я)	Russian	Nikolai Denisov Andrey Kosinskiy

Production

The Eurovision Song Contest 1996 was produced by the Norwegian public broadcaster Norsk rikskringkasting (NRK). Odd Arvid Strømstad served as executive producer, Pål Veiglum served as director, Bjarte Ulfstein served as designer, and Frode Thingnæs served as musical director, leading the Norwegian Radio Orchestra. A separate musical director could be nominated by each country to lead the orchestra during their performance, with the host musical director also available to conduct for those countries which did not nominate their own conductor. On behalf of the contest organisers, the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), the event was overseen by Christine Marchal-Ortiz as scrutineer.

The show was presented by the Norwegian journalist and television presenter Ingvild Bryn and the Norwegian singer Morten Harket, lead vocalist of the Norwegian band a-ha. The contest underwent a re-brand for this edition, as NRK set out to improve the image of the competition and broaden its audience appeal. The event was referred to by the hosts and through on-screen captions as Eurosong '96, the only occasion in which this contraction was officially used to refer to the event.

Rehearsals in the contest venue for the competing acts began on 13 May 1996. Each country had two technical rehearsals in the week approaching the contest, with countries rehearsing in the order in which they would perform. The first rehearsals took place on 13 and 14 May, with each country allowed 40 minutes total on stage, followed by 20 minutes to review recordings with producers and to consult on suggested changes, and then a 20-minute press conference. Each country's second rehearsals took place on 15 and 16 May, with 30 minutes total on stage followed by another 20 minute press conference. A full technical rehearsal with all artists took place on the afternoon of 17 May, followed by two dress rehearsals with an audience on the evening of 17 May and the following afternoon. The competing delegations were invited to a welcome reception during the week in the build-up to the event, hosted by the Mayor of Oslo at Oslo City Hall on the evening of 13 May, as well as to events during the rehearsal week including a sailing trip on the Oslofjord and a trip to the Norsk Folkemuseum in Bygdøy where a special Eurovision-themed exhibition had been installed.

NRK introduced visual effects to the contest for the first time. Computer-generated imagery (CGI) was featured as overlays during the broadcast of the competing entries, and the voting segment was conducted via chroma key technology built by Silicon Graphics; during this segment host Ingvild Bryn was situated in the "blue room", a special area to the side of the stage with a blue-coloured background, which allowed the contest scoreboard to be rendered virtually using CGI. The chroma key virtual display also included live footage of the artists in the green room backstage, as well as the video feeds of each country's spokespersons as they delivered their country's points.

Format

Each participating broadcaster submitted one song, which was required to be no longer than three minutes in duration and performed in the language, or one of the languages, of the country which it represented. A maximum of six performers were allowed on stage during each country's performance, and all participants were required to have reached the age of 16 in the year of the contest. Each entry could utilise all or part of the live orchestra and could use instrumental-only backing tracks, however any backing tracks used could only include the sound of instruments featured on stage being mimed by the performers.

New qualification system

In 1996, a trial qualification process replaced the relegation system used from 1993 to 1995, whereby the lowest-ranked countries in each final were eliminated from the following year's contest. Under the new procedure, an audio preselection was organised for all participating countries, apart from the host country Norway, which received an automatic right to compete in the final, to be joined by an additional 22 countries. National juries in all competing countries, including Norway, listened to the submitted entries on audio tape, with juries required to listen to all songs three times before voting. Each of the eight members on each country's jury awarded their favourite song twelve points, their second-favourite ten points, their third-favourite eight points, with subsequent points being awarded consecutively down to each juror's tenth-favourite song being awarded one point, with the points awarded by all jurors being totalled to determine each country's top ten songs which were awarded points in the same manner. Jury members who voted in the qualifying round were not allowed to sit on the jury for the final.

The European Broadcasting Union (EBU) required all entries to be submitted by 20 March 1996. Jury voting was held on 20 and 21 March, with the qualifying countries publicly revealed on 22 March, at the same time as the running order draw for the final was conducted. The full results of how individual juries had voted was not intended to be revealed publicly, but the full breakdown has since become available.

Voting procedure

The results of the 1996 contest were determined using the scoring system introduced in 1975: each country awarded twelve points to its favourite entry, followed by ten points to its second favourite, and then awarded points in decreasing value from eight to one for the remaining songs which featured in the country's top ten, with countries unable to vote for their own entry. The points awarded by each country were determined by an assembled jury of sixteen individuals, which was required to be split evenly between members of the public and music professionals, between men and women, and by age. Each jury member voted in secret and awarded between one and ten votes to each participating song, excluding that from their own country and with no abstentions permitted. The votes of each member were collected following the country's performance and then tallied by the non-voting jury chairperson to determine the points to be awarded. In any cases where two or more songs in the top ten received the same number of votes, a show of hands by all jury members was used to determine the final placing. This was the last occasion that juries alone decided the result of the contest, as five nations introduced public televoting as a trial in 1997, and almost all other countries followed suit the next year.

Postcards

The "postcards" were 70-second video introductions shown on television whilst the stage is being prepared for the next contestant to perform their entry; the postcards for each country at the 1996 contest was made up of three segments. In the first segment the participating country was highlighted geographically on a map of Europe, followed by video footage of that country's competing artist or artists in their home country during their day-to-day lives, which also featured each artist packing a branded backpack with important items which they would take with them to Oslo. The second segment featured footage of nature scenes in Norway as well as Norwegian people in everyday life, often accompanied by music from Norwegian electronic group Subgud. The final segment consisted of a pre-recorded good luck message from a representative of each respective country in the language of that country. The seniority of these figures varied between the different countries; among the contributors were then-President of Turkey Süleyman Demirel, who survived an assassination attempt on the day of the contest, and then-Prime Minister of Portugal António Guterres, who would later become the Secretary-General of the United Nations in 2017. The individuals who provided messages for each country are shown below, alongside the position which they held at the time of the contest and the language in which they provided their message.

•  Turkey – Süleyman Demirel, President of Turkey (Turkish)
•  United Kingdom – Virginia Bottomley, Secretary of State for National Heritage (English)
•  Spain – Alberto Escudero Claramunt, Spanish Ambassador to Norway (Spanish)
•  Portugal – António Guterres, Prime Minister of Portugal (Portuguese)
•  Cyprus – Glafcos Clerides, President of Cyprus (Greek)
•  Malta – Edoardo Fenech Adami, Prime Minister of Malta (Maltese)
•  Croatia – Zlatko Mateša, Prime Minister of Croatia (Croatian)
•  Austria – Elisabeth Gehrer, Federal Minister for Education and Cultural Affairs (German)
•   Switzerland – Michel Coquoz, Swiss chargé d'affaires in Norway (French)
•  Greece – Caterína Dimaki, Greek chargé d'affaires in Norway (Greek)
•  Estonia – Tiit Vähi, Prime Minister of Estonia (Estonian)
•  Norway – Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime Minister of Norway (Norwegian)
•  France – Philippe Douste-Blazy, Minister of Culture (French)
•  Slovenia – Milan Kučan, President of Slovenia (Slovene)
•  Netherlands – Aad Nuis, State Secretary of Education, Culture and Science (Dutch)
•  Belgium – Luc Van den Brande, Minister-President of Flanders (Dutch)
•  Ireland – John Bruton, Taoiseach (English)
•  Finland – Riitta Uosukainen, Speaker of the Parliament of Finland (Finnish)
•  Iceland – Davíð Oddsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (Icelandic)
•  Poland – Aleksander Kwaśniewski, President of Poland (Polish)
•  Bosnia and Herzegovina – Alija Izetbegović, President of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosnian)
•  Slovakia – Vladimír Mečiar, Prime Minister of Slovakia (Slovak)
•  Sweden – Göran Persson, Prime Minister of Sweden (Swedish)

Contest overview

Qualifying round

The qualifying round took place on 20 and 21 March 1996, and the results were announced on 22 March. The table below outlines the participating countries, the order in which the juries listened to the entries, the competing artists and songs, and the results of the voting. Countries were ordered alphabetically by ISO two-letter country code.

The entries from Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Israel, Macedonia, Romania, and Russia were eliminated following the qualifying round. This marked the first time that Germany was absent from the contest and remains the only occasion to date where the nation has not participated in the contest final. Additionally Macedonia's first attempt to compete in the contest is not considered a debut entry by the EBU, with the nation eventually going on to make their official televised debut in 1998.

Hungary and Finland tied on the same score for the final qualification place, however Finland qualified for the contest due to them having received the highest individual score (8 points) compared to Hungary (7 points).

Results of the qualifying round of the Eurovision Song Contest 1996

R/O	Country	Artist	Song	Points	Place
1	Austria	George Nussbaumer	"Weil's dr guat got"	80	6
2	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Amila Glamočak	"Za našu ljubav"	29	21
3	Belgium	Lisa del Bo	"Liefde is een kaartspel"	45	12
4	Switzerland	Kathy Leander	"Mon cœur l'aime"	67	8
5	Cyprus	Constantinos	"Mono gia mas"	42	15
6	Germany	Leon	"Planet of Blue"	24	24
7	Denmark	Dorthe Andersen and Martin Loft	"Kun med dig"	22	25
8	Estonia	Maarja-Liis Ilus and Ivo Linna	"Kaelakee hääl"	106	5
9	Spain	Antonio Carbonell	"Ay, qué deseo"	43	14
10	Finland	Jasmine	"Niin kaunis on taivas"	26	22
11	France	Dan Ar Braz and l'Héritage des Celtes	"Diwanit bugale"	55	11
12	United Kingdom	Gina G	"Ooh Aah... Just a Little Bit"	153	3
13	Greece	Marianna Efstratiou	"Emis forame to himona anixiatika"	45	12
14	Croatia	Maja Blagdan	"Sveta ljubav"	30	19
15	Hungary	Gjon Delhusa	"Fortuna"	26	23
16	Ireland	Eimear Quinn	"The Voice"	198	2
17	Israel	Galit Bell	"Shalom Olam"	12	28
18	Iceland	Anna Mjöll	"Sjúbídú"	59	10
19	Macedonia	Kaliopi	"Samo ti"	14	26
20	Malta	Miriam Christine	"In a Woman's Heart"	138	4
21	Netherlands	Maxine and Franklin Brown	"De eerste keer"	63	9
22	Poland	Kasia Kowalska	"Chcę znać swój grzech"	42	15
23	Portugal	Lúcia Moniz	"O meu coração não tem cor"	32	18
24	Romania	Monica Anghel and Sincron	"Rugă pentru pacea lumii"	11	29
25	Russia	Andrey Kosinskiy	"Ya eto ya"	14	26
26	Sweden	One More Time	"Den vilda"	227	1
27	Slovenia	Regina	"Dan najlepših sanj"	30	19
28	Slovakia	Marcel Palonder	"Kým nás máš"	38	17
29	Turkey	Şebnem Paker	"Beşinci Mevsim"	69	7

Final

The contest took place on 18 May 1996 at 21:00 (CEST) and lasted 3 hours and 7 minutes. In addition to his role as host, Harket also performed the song "Heaven's Not for Saints" as the show's opening act. The interval act, entitled "Vardebrenning" or "Beacon Burning", was created by Petter Skavlan. The act featured a film montage created by Nils Gaup which combined stev, jazz, and Norwegian folk music as part of a musical tour of Norway, followed by a dance number performed live in the Oslo Spektrum by the Oslo Danse Ensemble, composed by Egil Monn-Iversen and choreographed by Runar Borge. The film section featured performances by Torbjørg Aamlid Paus, Bukkene Bruse, Bendik Hofseth, Håvard Gimse, Helge Kjekshus, the Brazz Brothers, Mari Boine and Terje Rypdal.

The winner was Ireland, represented by the song "The Voice", written by Brendan Graham and performed by Eimear Quinn. This was Ireland's seventh contest win, extending their record achieved in 1994, as well as their fourth contest win in five years following their victories in the 1992, 1993 and 1994 contests. Graham recorded his second contest win in three years as a songwriter, having written the winning song of the 1994 contest "Rock 'n' Roll Kids", and thus became one of five individuals to have won the contest more than once as an artist or songwriter up to that point in time, alongside Willy van Hemert, Yves Dessca, Johnny Logan and Rolf Løvland. Croatia, Estonia and Portugal achieved their highest placings to date by finishing fourth, fifth and sixth respectively, while Finland finished in last place for the eighth time.

During the announcement of the Spanish votes, the Spanish spokesperson Belén Fernández de Henestrosa referred to the Netherlands as "Holland", which was misheard by Ingvild Bryn as "Poland" and which resulted in the Spanish six points being incorrectly attributed to the latter country. The results of the contest were amended after the event to correct this error, and the tables in this article present the corrected results as published by the EBU.

Results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1996

R/O	Country	Artist	Song	Points	Place
1	Turkey	Şebnem Paker	"Beşinci Mevsim"	57	12
2	United Kingdom	Gina G	"Ooh Aah... Just a Little Bit"	77	8
3	Spain	Antonio Carbonell	"Ay, qué deseo"	17	20
4	Portugal	Lúcia Moniz	"O meu coração não tem cor"	92	6
5	Cyprus	Constantinos	"Mono gia mas"	72	9
6	Malta	Miriam Christine	"In a Woman's Heart"	68	10
7	Croatia	Maja Blagdan	"Sveta ljubav"	98	4
8	Austria	George Nussbaumer	"Weil's dr guat got"	68	10
9	Switzerland	Kathy Leander	"Mon cœur l'aime"	22	16
10	Greece	Marianna Efstratiou	"Emis forame to himona anixiatika"	36	14
11	Estonia	Maarja-Liis Ilus and Ivo Linna	"Kaelakee hääl"	94	5
12	Norway	Elisabeth Andreassen	"I evighet"	114	2
13	France	Dan Ar Braz and l'Héritage des Celtes	"Diwanit bugale"	18	19
14	Slovenia	Regina	"Dan najlepših sanj"	16	21
15	Netherlands	Maxine and Franklin Brown	"De eerste keer"	78	7
16	Belgium	Lisa del Bo	"Liefde is een kaartspel"	22	16
17	Ireland	Eimear Quinn	"The Voice"	162	1
18	Finland	Jasmine	"Niin kaunis on taivas"	9	23
19	Iceland	Anna Mjöll	"Sjúbídú"	51	13
20	Poland	Kasia Kowalska	"Chcę znać swój grzech"	31	15
21	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Amila Glamočak	"Za našu ljubav"	13	22
22	Slovakia	Marcel Palonder	"Kým nás máš"	19	18
23	Sweden	One More Time	"Den vilda"	100	3

Spokespersons

Each country nominated a spokesperson who was responsible for announcing, in English or French, the votes for their respective country. As had been the case since the 1994 contest, the spokespersons were connected via satellite and appeared in vision during the broadcast, with the exception of the Norwegian spokesperson, Ragnhild Sælthun Fjørtoft, who appeared in person in the Oslo Spektrum. Spokespersons at the 1996 contest are listed below.

1.  Turkey – Ömer Önder [tr]
2.  United Kingdom – Colin Berry
3.  Spain – Belén Fernández de Henestrosa
4.  Portugal – Cristina Rocha
5.  Cyprus – Marios Skordis
6.  Malta – Ruth Amaira
7.  Croatia – Daniela Trbović [hr]
8.  Austria – Martina Rupp [de]
9.   Switzerland – Yves Ménestrier
10.  Greece – Niki Venega
11.  Estonia – Annika Talvik
12.  Norway – Ragnhild Sælthun Fjørtoft
13.  France – Laurent Broomhead
14.  Slovenia – Mario Galunič [sl]
15.  Netherlands – Marcha
16.  Belgium – An Ploegaerts
17.  Ireland – Eileen Dunne
18.  Finland – Solveig Herlin
19.  Iceland – Svanhildur Konráðsdóttir
20.  Poland – Jan Chojnacki
21.  Bosnia and Herzegovina – Segmedina Srna
22.  Slovakia – Alena Heribanová [sk]
23.  Sweden – Ulla Rundqvist

Detailed voting results

Jury voting was used to determine the points awarded by all countries. The announcement of the results from each country was conducted in the order in which they performed, with the spokespersons announcing their country's points in English or French in ascending order. The detailed breakdown of the points awarded by each country is listed in the tables below.

Qualifying round

12 points

The below table summarises how the maximum 12 points were awarded from one country to another in the qualifying round.

Distribution of 12 points awarded at the qualifying round

N.	Contestant	Nation(s) giving 12 points
10	Sweden	Belgium,  Denmark,  Estonia,  Finland,  Germany,  Ireland,  Macedonia,  Netherlands,  Poland,   Switzerland
4	Ireland	Austria,  Bosnia and Herzegovina,  Iceland,  United Kingdom
3	Malta	Romania,  Slovakia,  Spain
	United Kingdom	Israel,  Sweden,  Turkey
2	Austria	France,  Malta
	Netherlands	Hungary,  Portugal
1	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Slovenia
	Cyprus	Greece
	Estonia	Russia
	Greece	Cyprus
	Iceland	Norway
	Slovakia	Croatia

Final

12 points

The below table summarises how the maximum 12 points were awarded from one country to another in the final. The winning country is shown in bold.

Distribution of 12 points awarded at the final

N.	Contestant	Nation(s) giving 12 points
7	Ireland	Bosnia and Herzegovina,  Estonia,  Netherlands,  Poland,  Slovenia,   Switzerland,  Turkey
3	Estonia	Finland,  Iceland,  Sweden
2	Austria	France,  Malta
	Cyprus	Greece,  United Kingdom
	Malta	Croatia,  Slovakia
	Portugal	Cyprus,  Norway
	United Kingdom	Belgium,  Portugal
1	Belgium	Spain
	Netherlands	Austria
	Sweden	Ireland

Broadcasts

Each participating broadcaster was required to relay the contest via its networks. Non-participating EBU member broadcasters were also able to relay the contest as "passive participants". Broadcasters were able to send commentators to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language and to relay information about the artists and songs to their television viewers. Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators are shown in the tables below.

Broadcasters and commentators in participating countries

Country	Broadcaster	Channel(s)	Commentator(s)	Ref.
Austria	ORF	ORF 1	Ernst Grissemann
		FM4	Stermann & Grissemann
Belgium	BRTN	TV1	Michel Follet and Johan Verstreken
		Radio 2	Guy De Pré [nl] and Bart Pieters
	RTBF	RTBF1	Jean-Pierre Hautier and Sandra Kim
Croatia	HRT	HRT1	Aleksandar Kostadinov
Cyprus	CyBC	RIK 1	Evi Papamichail
Estonia	ETV
Finland	YLE	TV1	Erkki Pohjanheimo, Sanna Kojo and Minna Pentti
		Radio Suomi	Iris Mattila and Pasi Hiihtola
France	France Télévision	France 2	Olivier Minne
Iceland	RÚV	Sjónvarpið, Rás 2	Jakob Frímann Magnússon
Ireland	RTÉ	RTÉ One	Pat Kenny
		RTÉ Radio 1	Larry Gogan
Malta	PBS	TVM	Charles Saliba
Netherlands	NOS	TV2	Willem van Beusekom
		Radio 2	Hijlco Span
Norway	NRK	NRK Fjernsynet	Jostein Pedersen
		NRK P1	Stein Dag Jensen [no] and Anita Skorgan
Poland	TVP	TVP1	Dorota Osman
Portugal	RTP	RTP1
Slovakia	STV	STV2
Slovenia	RTVSLO	SLO 1 [sl]	Miša Molk
		Val 202
Spain	TVE	La Primera	José Luis Uribarri
Sweden	SVT	SVT2	Björn Kjellman
	SR	SR P3	Claes-Johan Larsson and Lisa Syrén
Switzerland	SRG SSR	Schweiz 4	Sandra Studer
		TSR	Pierre Grandjean
	Radio Z [de]
Turkey	TRT	TRT 1
United Kingdom	BBC	BBC1	Terry Wogan
		BBC Radio 2	Ken Bruce

Broadcasters and commentators in non-participating countries

Country	Broadcaster	Channel(s)	Commentator(s)	Ref.
Australia	SBS	SBS TV
Denmark	DR	DR TV	Jørgen de Mylius
		DR P3	Katrine Nyland Sørensen, Martin Loft and Marianne Dinesen
Faroe Islands	SvF
Germany	MDR	MDR Fernsehen	Ulf Ansorge [de]
	NDR/RB	N3
	SFB	B1
	WDR	WDR Fernsehen
Greenland	KNR	KNR	Jørgen de Mylius
Hungary	MTV	MTV 2	István Vágó
Israel	IBA	Channel 1
Jordan	JRTV	JTV2
Lithuania	LRT	LTV
Romania	TVR	TVR 1	Doina Caramzulescu and Costin Grigore
Yugoslavia	RTS	RTS 2

Notes and references

Notes

1. Specifically Vorarlbergisch, a High Alemannic dialect
2. On behalf of the German public broadcasting consortium ARD
3. Additional live broadcast on RTP Internacional
4. Additional live broadcast on BBC Prime
5. Deferred broadcast on 19 May at 20:30 (AEST)
6. ^ The contest was broadcast live on select Third Program [de] channels of Germany's ARD, with a deferred broadcast on Das Erste at 00:35 (CEST).
7. Deferred broadcast at 21:45 (WGST)

References

1. "Norway – Country Profile". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
2. "Om oss – Oslo Spektrum Arena" [About us – Oslo Spektrum Arena] (in Norwegian). Oslo Spektrum Arena. Archived from the original on 17 July 2022. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
3. "Overview | Nobel Peace Prize Concert". Nobel Peace Prize Concert. 5 November 2011. Archived from the original on 5 November 2011. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
4. ^ Roxburgh 2020, pp. 261–263.
5. ^ O'Connor 2010, pp. 144–147.
6. ^ Isberg, Gry (14 May 1996). "EuroSong skal skaffe solid Norges-reklame" [Eurovision will provide solid Norwegian advertising]. Moss Avis (in Norwegian). Moss, Norway. p. 14. Archived from the original on 16 November 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2022 – via National Library of Norway.
7. ^ "Oslo 1996". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
8. ^ Roxburgh 2020, pp. 255–260.
9. ^ Roxburgh 2020, pp. 263–273.
10. Zammit, Nicole (23 April 2023). "Tagħlaq Żmienha L-Kantanta Popolari Georgina Abela" [Popular Singer Georgina Abela Ends Her Time] (in Maltese). Gwida. Archived from the original on 28 October 2023. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
11. "Oslo 1996 – Participants". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 28 January 2023. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
12. "Alle deutschen ESC-Acts und ihre Titel" [All German ESC acts and their songs]. eurovision.de (in German). ARD. Archived from the original on 12 June 2023. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
13. Roxburgh 2020, p. 277.
14. O'Connor 2010, p. 217.
15. "The Organisers behind the Eurovision Song Contest". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 25 September 2024. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
16. Jordan, Paul; Smulders, Stijn (10 October 2017). "Christine Marchal-Ortiz: 'I feel so nostalgic about Eurovision'". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
17. O'Connor 2010, p. 210.
18. ^ "Recalling Ireland's record seventh win in 1996". European Broadcasting Union. 18 May 2014. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
19. "Programlederne i Euro Song 96: Ingvild Bryn og Morten Harket" [The presenters of Euro Song 96: Ingvild Bryn and Morten Harket] (Press release) (in Norwegian). NRK. Archived from the original on 3 February 1999. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
20. Marlowe, Chris (11 May 1996). "Norway Shapes a New-style Eurovision" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 13, no. 19. Amsterdam: BPI Communications. p. 10. ISSN 1385-612X. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 August 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
21. "Grand Prix-sirkus på museum" [Grand Prix circus at the museum]. Østlands-Posten (in Norwegian). Larvik, Norway. 23 March 1996. p. 10. Archived from the original on 16 November 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2022 – via National Library of Norway.
22. ^ "EuroSong '96". NRK. Archived from the original on 22 February 1997. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
23. Fox, David (12 May 1996). "Network: The scores on the virtual doors". The Independent. Archived from the original on 14 February 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
24. Hughes, David (1996). "Virtual studio technology – The 1996 Eurovision Song Contest" (PDF). EBU Technical Review. European Broadcasting Union. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
25. ^ "How it works". European Broadcasting Union. 18 May 2019. Archived from the original on 31 May 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
26. "Jerusalem 1999". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 29 June 2022. For the first time since the 1970s participants were free to choose which language they performed in.
27. ^ "The Rules of the Contest". European Broadcasting Union. 31 October 2018. Archived from the original on 4 October 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
28. ^ Escudero, Victor M. (18 April 2020). "#EurovisionAgain travels back to Dublin 1997". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 23 May 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
29. ^ "Israel og Tyskland ute av Grand Prix" [Israel and Germany out of Eurovision]. Haugesunds Avis (in Norwegian). Haugesund, Norway. 23 March 1996. p. 9. Archived from the original on 6 January 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2022 – via National Library of Norway.
30. ^ "Suomen Jasmine mukaan euroviisuihin" [Finland's Jasmine joins the Eurovision Song Contest]. Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). 23 May 1996. Archived from the original on 14 November 2022. Retrieved 14 November 2022.
31. "In a Nutshell". European Broadcasting Union. 31 March 2017. Archived from the original on 26 June 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
32. Roxburgh 2020, pp. 273–276.
33. Roxburgh 2020, p. 73.
34. ^ Eurovision Song Contest 1996 (Television programme). Oslo, Norway: Norsk rikskringkasting. 18 May 1996.
35. Hatlestad 2011, pp. 80–86.
36. "Demirel'e suikast girişiminde bulunan eczacı öldü" [Pharmacist who attempted to assassinate Demirel dies]. Hürriyet (in Turkish). 25 September 2013. Archived from the original on 15 July 2019.
37. Vuletic 2018, p. 201, Conclusion: Bridges, Diamonds and Fires.
38. "Germany – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
39. "North Macedonia – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
40. O'Connor 2010, p. 219.
41. Hatlestad 2011, pp. 96–102.
42. "Oslo 1996 – Eimear Quinn". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 12 May 2018. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
43. "Ireland – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
44. "Wouter Hardy met Zwitserland op weg naar nieuw songfestivalsucces" [Wouter Hardy on the way to new Eurovision success with Switzerland]. Ditjes en Datjes (in Dutch). 20 May 2021. Archived from the original on 25 October 2022. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
45. "Croatia – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
46. "Estonia – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
47. "Portugal – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
48. "Finland – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
49. ^ Roxburgh 2020, pp. 273–275.
50. "Oslo 1996 – Scoreboard". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
51. "Dublin 1994". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 30 May 2022. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
52. ^ "HRT – Subota, 18. svibnja" [HRT – Saturday, 18 May]. Koprivničke novine (in Croatian). Koprivnica, Croatia. 16 May 1996. p. 19. Retrieved 18 November 2024.
53. "Eesti žürii punktid edastab Eurovisioonil Tanel Padar" [The points of the Estonian jury will be announced by Tanel Padar at Eurovision] (in Estonian). Muusika Planeet. 14 May 2022. Archived from the original on 19 May 2022. Retrieved 25 June 2022.
54. O'Loughlin, Mikie (8 June 2021). "RTE Eileen Dunne's marriage to soap star Macdara O'Fatharta, their wedding day and grown up son Cormac". RSVP Live. Reach plc. Archived from the original on 8 June 2021. Retrieved 25 June 2022.
55. Thorsson & Verhage 2006, pp. 254–255.
56. ^ Roxburgh 2020, p. 259.
57. ^ "Oslo 1996 – Detailed voting results". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
58. ^ "Eurovision Song Contest 1996 – Scoreboard". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
59. ^ "Radio / TV Samstag" [Radio / TV Saturday]. Freiburger Nachrichten [de] (in German). Fribourg, Switzerland. 18 May 1996. p. 10. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via E-newspaperarchives.ch.
60. Halbhuber, Axel (22 May 2015). "Ein virtueller Disput der ESC-Kommentatoren" [A virtual dispute between the ESC commentators]. Kurier (in German). Archived from the original on 23 May 2015. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
61. "Song Contest mit Stermann & Grissemann" [Eurovision with Stermann & Grissemann] (in German). ORF. 1 May 2012. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
62. ^ "Radio & Televisie Zaterdag" [Radio & Television Saturday]. Leidsch Dagblad (in Dutch). Leiden, Netherlands. 18 May 1996. p. 8. Archived from the original on 17 November 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
63. "VRT schuift 'professor Eurosong' André Vermeulen opzij" [VRT pushes 'Professor Eurosong' André Vermeulen aside]. De Morgen (in Dutch). 9 April 2014. Archived from the original on 8 June 2023. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
64. "Jaaroverzicht 1996" [Annual Review 1996] (PDF). Belgische Radio- en Televisieomroep Nederlandstalige Uitzendingen (BRTN) (in Dutch). 30 January 1996. p. 35. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
65. ^ "Samstag 18. Mai | Samedi 18 mai" [Saturday 18 May]. Télé-Revue (in German, French, and Luxembourgish). 15 May 1996. pp. 10–15. Retrieved 14 June 2024 – via National Library of Luxembourg.
66. Legrand, Dominique (22 May 1996). "Comment exister, après ?" [How to exist afterwards?]. Le Soir (in French). Brussels, Belgium. Archived from the original on 15 November 2022. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
67. "41ος Διαγωνισμός Τραγουδιού Γιουροβίζιον '96" [41st Eurovision Song Contest '96]. Charavgi (in Greek). Nicosia, Cyprus. 18 May 1996. p. 10. Retrieved 5 March 2024 – via Press and Information Office [el].
68. "Televisioon" [Television]. Post (in Estonian). Tallinn, Estonia. 18 May 1996. p. 8. Archived from the original on 8 December 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via DIGAR [et].
69. Width, Terhi (18 May 1996). "Norjalaiset haluavat euroviisuille uutta ilmettä Euroviisuissa tutut suosikit: Iso-Britannia, Irlanti ja Ruotsi" [Norwegians want a new look for Eurovision, the familiar favorites in Eurovision: Great Britain, Ireland and Sweden]. Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Helsinki, Finland. Archived from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022. Selostuksesta vastaavat Sanna Kojo ja Erkki Pohjanheimo Oslossa ja Minna Pentti Pasilassa. [Commentary is provided by Sanna Kojo and Erkki Pohjanheimo in Oslo and Minna Pentti in Pasila.]
70. ^ "Televisio & Radio" [Television & Radio]. Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Helsinki, Finland. 18 May 1996. pp. D15–D16. Archived from the original on 4 November 2022. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
71. "les programmes TV – samedi 18 mai" [TV programmes – Saturday 18 May]. L'Est éclair [fr] (in French). Saint-André-les-Vergers, France. 18 May 1996. p. 27. Retrieved 23 September 2024 – via Aube en Champagne.
72. "Dagskrá Sjónvarpið – laugurdagur 18. maí" [TV program – Saturday 18 May]. Dagur (in Icelandic). Reykjavík, Iceland. 16 May 1996. p. 15. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via Timarit.is.
73. ^ "Saturday: Television and Radio". The Irish Times Weekend. Dublin, Ireland. 18 May 1996. p. 6. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
74. Sweeney, Ken (18 April 2012). "Larry Gogan loses his Eurovision ticket". Irish Independent. Archived from the original on 23 June 2022. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
75. "1996 Eurovision Song Contest". Times of Malta. 18 May 1996. p. 29.
76. "Songfestival na jaren op radio" [Eurovision Song Contest after years on radio]. Leidsch Dagblad (in Dutch). Leiden, Netherlands. Geassocieerde Pers Diensten (GPD). 18 May 1996. p. 7. Retrieved 15 December 2024.
77. ^ "Radio- og TV-Programmene – Lørdag 18. mai 1996" [Radio and TV Programs – Saturday 18 May 1996]. Moss Dagblad (in Norwegian). Moss, Norway. 18 May 1996. pp. 38–39. Archived from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via National Library of Norway.
78. "Grand Prix-los fra nord" [Eurovision pilots from the north]. Nordlys (in Norwegian). Tromsø, Norway. 18 May 1996. pp. 42–43. Archived from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via National Library of Norway.
79. "Norgeskanalen NRK P1 – Kjøreplan lørdag 18. mai 1996" [The Norwegian channel NRK P1 – Schedule Saturday 18 May 1996] (in Norwegian). NRK. 18 May 1996. pp. 14–15. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via National Library of Norway. (subscription may be required or content may be available in libraries)
80. "Program". Weekend Echo Dnia (in Polish). Kielce, Poland. 18–19 May 1996. p. 11. Retrieved 8 November 2024 – via Świętokrzyska Digital Library [pl].
81. "Artur Orzech – Eurowizja, żona, dzieci, wiek, wzrost, komentarze" [Artur Orzech – Eurovision, wife, children, age, height, comments] (in Polish). Radio Eska. 18 May 2021. Archived from the original on 17 June 2021. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
82. ^ "Programmes TV – Samedi 18 mai" [TV programmes – Saturday 18 May]. TV8 (in French). Cheseaux-sur-Lausanne, Switzerland. 16 May 1996. pp. 22–27. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via Scriptorium.
83. "Programa da televisão" [Television programme]. A Comarca de Arganil (in Portuguese). Arganil, Portugal. 16 May 1996. p. 8. Archived from the original on 29 May 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
84. "Mi? Hol? Mikor? – szombat – szlovák televizió" [What? Where? When? – Saturday – Slovak television]. Új Szó (in Hungarian). Bratislava, Slovakia. 18 May 1996. p. 8. Retrieved 21 September 2024 – via Hungaricana [hu].
85. "Panorama – sobota, 18. maja 1996" [Panorama – Saturday 18 May 1996] (PDF). Gorenjski glas (in Slovenian). Kranj, Slovenia. 17 May 1996. p. 20. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 July 2022. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
86. "Televizija+Radio – Sobota" [Television+Radio – Saturday]. Delo (in Slovenian). Ljubljana, Slovenia. 18 May 1996. p. 26. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
87. "Televisión" [Television]. La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 18 May 1996. p. 6. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
88. "TV–programmen" [TV programmes]. Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). Stockholm, Sweden. 18 May 1996. p. 25.
89. "Radioprogrammen" [Radio programmes]. Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). Stockholm, Sweden. 18 May 1996. p. 25.
90. "La télé aujourd'hui" [TV today]. Le Matin (in French). Lausanne, Switzerland: Tamedia Publications. 18 May 1996. p. 27. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via Scriptorium.
91. "Radio". Neue Zürcher Zeitung (in German). Zurich, Switzerland. 18–19 May 1996. p. 92. Retrieved 29 October 2024 – via E-newspaperarchives.ch.
92. "TV Programları" [TV programmes]. Cumhuriyet (in Turkish). 18 May 1996. p. 16. Archived from the original on 21 December 2022. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
93. "Eurovision Song Contest – BBC One". Radio Times. 16 May 1996. Archived from the original on 4 February 2023. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via BBC Genome Project.
94. "Eurovision Song Contest – BBC Radio 2". Radio Times. 16 May 1996. Archived from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via BBC Genome Project.
95. ^ "À la télé sur S.B.S." [On TV on SBS]. Le Courrier Australien (in French). Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 10 May 1996. p. 16. Archived from the original on 15 December 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2022 – via Trove.
96. "Alle tiders programoversigter – Lørdag den 18. maj 1996" [All-time programme overviews – Saturday 18th May 1996]. DR. Archived from the original on 9 April 2024. Retrieved 2 April 2024.
97. "Sjónvarp – Sjónvarpsskráin – 17. mai - 23. mai" [Television – TV Schedule – 17 May - 23 May]. Oyggjatíðindi (in Faroese and Danish). Hoyvík, Faroe Islands. 17 May 1996. p. 13. Retrieved 15 July 2024 – via Infomedia [dk].
98. ^ "1996 bringt ESC-Neuanfang für Deutschland" [1996 brought a new Eurovision beginning for Germany]. NDR (in German). 4 August 2016. Archived from the original on 5 August 2016. Retrieved 1 May 2023.
99. ^ "Nur ein Österreicher singt auf deutsch" [Only an Austrian sings in German]. Bocholter-Borkener Volksblatt [de] (in German). 18 May 1996. Retrieved 16 November 2024.
100. ^ "KNR Aallakaatitassat – Arfininngorneq Lørdag 18. maj" [KNR Programmes – Saturday 18th May]. Atuagagdliutit (in Kalaallisut and Danish). Nuuk, Greenland. 16 May 1996. p. 13. Retrieved 15 July 2024 – via Timarit.is.
101. "Televízió – szombat május 18" [Television – Saturday 18 May]. Rádió és TeleVízió újság (in Hungarian). 13 May 1996. pp. 42–43. Archived from the original on 23 July 2022. Retrieved 23 July 2022 – via MTVA Archívum.
102. "السبت ١٨\٥\٩٦ – التلفزيون الإسرائيلي – القناة الأولى" [Saturday 18/05/96 – Israeli TV – Channel One]. Al-Ittihad (in Arabic). Haifa, Israel. 17 May 1996. p. 7. Retrieved 22 May 2023 – via National Library of Israel.
103. "Jordan Television – Programme Two". The Jordan Times. Amman, Jordan. 18 May 1996. p. 2. Retrieved 11 June 2024 – via Internet Archive.
104. "TV – sobota, 18 maja" [TV – Saturday 18 May] (PDF). Kurier Wileński (in Polish). Vilnius, Lithuania. 18 May 1996. p. 7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 October 2022. Retrieved 28 October 2022 – via Polonijna Biblioteka Cyfrowa.
105. "Programe TV – Sâmbătă, 18 mai 1996" [TV Programmes – Saturday, 18 May 1996] (PDF). Adevărul de Arad [ro] (in Romanian). Arad, Romania. 18 May 1996. p. 6. Retrieved 26 October 2024 – via Biblioteca Județeană "Alexandru D. Xenopol" Arad [ro].
106. "Televiziune – sâmbătă 18 mai 1996" [Television – Saturday 18 May 1996]. Panoramic Radio-TV (in Romanian). p. 20.
107. "ТВ Субота" [TV Saturday]. Borba (in Serbian (Cyrillic script)). Belgrade, Serbia, Yugoslavia. 18–19 May 1996. p. 31. Retrieved 25 May 2024 – via Belgrade University Library.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

Bibliography

• Hatlestad, Silje Marie (June 2011). Good evening Europe, this is Norway: ei innhaldsanalyse av dei tre internasjonale Eurovision Song Contestfinalane arrangert i Noreg [Good evening Europe, this is Norway: a content analysis of the three international Eurovision Song Contest finals held in Norway] (PDF) (Masters thesis) (in Norwegian Nynorsk). Bergen, Norway: University of Bergen. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 October 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
• O'Connor, John Kennedy (2010). The Eurovision Song Contest: The Official History (2nd ed.). London, United Kingdom: Carlton Books. ISBN 978-1-84732-521-1.
• Roxburgh, Gordon (2020). Songs for Europe: The United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest. Vol. Four: The 1990s. Prestatyn, United Kingdom: Telos Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84583-163-9.
• Thorsson, Leif; Verhage, Martin (2006). Melodifestivalen genom tiderna: de svenska uttagningarna och internationella finalerna [Melodifestivalen through the ages: the Swedish selections and international finals] (in Swedish). Stockholm, Sweden: Premium Publishing. ISBN 91-89136-29-2.
• Vuletic, Dean (2018). Postwar Europe and the Eurovision Song Contest. London, United Kingdom: Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 978-1-4742-7626-9.

External links

• Eurovision Song Contest official website

• Eurovision Song Contest 1996
• Eurovision Song Contest by year
• 1996 in music
• 1996 in Norwegian music
• May 1996 events in Europe
• 1996 in Norway
• 1990s in Oslo
• 1996 in Norwegian television
• Events in Oslo
• Festivals in Oslo
• Music in Oslo
• Music festivals in Norway