2005 Tarapacá earthquake - Misplaced Pages

Earthquake near the Peru-Bolivia border

2005 Tarapacá earthquake
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UTC time	2005-06-13 22:44:33
ISC event	7143508
USGS-ANSS	ComCat
Local date	June 13, 2005 (2005-06-13)
Local time	18:44
Magnitude	7.8 M_w
Depth	115.6 km
Epicenter	19°59′13″S 69°11′49″W / 19.987°S 69.197°W / -19.987; -69.197
Areas affected	Chile, Bolivia
Max. intensity	MMI VII (Very strong)
Peak acceleration	0.72 g
Casualties	11 dead, 182 injured

The 2005 Tarapacá earthquake occurred on June 13 at 22:44:33 UTC (18:44:33 local time). Its epicenter was located near Mamiña, in northern Chile about 125 km east-northeast of Iquique, affecting the Tarapacá Region and adjacent parts of Bolivia. It had a magnitude of M_w 7.8 and a maximum felt intensity of VII (Very strong) on the Mercalli intensity scale.

Tectonic setting

Chile lies above the destructive plate boundary, where the Nazca Plate is being subducted beneath the South American Plate. In the Tarapacá region the plates converge at a rate of 78 mm per year. This boundary is associated with many large earthquakes, both along the plate interface and within the downgoing slab (Nazca Plate).

Earthquake

The earthquake was an intermediate-depth event, with a hypocentral depth of 115.6 km. The focal mechanism shows that this was a normal fault event, within the subducted Nazca Plate. Finite-fault modelling of the earthquake suggests that the fault plane responsible dips to the west at about 15°.

Damage

The greatest damage occurred in northern Chile, although parts of southern Peru and western Bolivia were also affected. The earthquake triggered many landslides, blocking roads and hindering relief efforts. 550 houses were completely destroyed, with at least a further 9,350 damaged. Adobe houses on the plateau in the Andes were particularly badly affected, with more than 80% destroyed in some villages. Eleven people were killed and at least a further 200 injured.

Aftermath

Initial efforts concentrated on repairing infrastructure affected by the earthquake. By June 2006 the government reported that most of the repairs to roads and irrigation canals was complete, but that, although work had started on repairing houses and schools, more needed to be done.

The effects of this earthquake on pregnant women were used to investigate the effects of acute stress on child development. The results showed that amongst poorer families, children affected by the earthquake in utero were at least six months behind in cognitive development seven years later compared to their peers in a control group in areas unaffected by the earthquake.

References

^ ANSS. "Tarapacá 2005: M 7.8 - Tarapaca, Chile". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
"Registros Terremoto de Tarapacá 7.9 Mw, 13/06/2005" (in Spanish).
^ Rondinel-Oviedo, E.A. "The June 13th, 2005, Mw 7.8 Tarapacá (Chile) Earthquake" (PDF). Retrieved 2018-08-27.
^ International Federation of Red Cross And Red Crescent Societies (27 July 2005). "Chile: Earthquake - Information Bulletin n° 3". Retrieved 27 August 2018.
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (August 2005). "Natural Disaster Highlights No.2 - August 2005" (PDF). p. 5. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
Government of Chile (June 2006). "Chile: Presidenta anuncia medidas para acelerar Plan de Reconstrucción de Tarapacá" (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 August 2018.
De Witte M. (August 2018). "Acute stress in utero has negative effects later in life among poor children, Stanford sociologist finds". Retrieved 27 August 2018.

External links

The International Seismological Centre has a bibliography and/or authoritative data for this event.
ReliefWeb's main page for this event.

v t e Earthquakes in Chile
Historical	1420 Caldera 1570 Concepción 1575 Valdivia 1604 Arica 1615 Arica 1647 Santiago 1657 Concepción 1730 Valparaíso 1737 Valdivia 1751 Concepción 1819 Copiapó 1822 Valparaíso 1835 Concepción 1837 Valdivia 1868 Arica 1877 Iquique
20th century	1906 Valparaíso 1922 Vallenar 1928 Talca 1939 Chillán 1943 Ovalle 1949 Tierra del Fuego 1950 Calama 1953 Concepción 1960 Concepción 1960 Valdivia 1965 Valparaíso 1971 Aconcagua 1985 Algarrobo 1985 Rapel Lake 1995 Antofagasta 1997 Punitaqui
21st century	2005 Tarapacá 2007 Aysén Fjord 2007 Tocopilla 2010 Chile 2010 Pichilemu 2012 Constitución 2013 Vallenar 2014 Iquique 2015 Illapel 2016 Chiloé 2017 Valparaíso 2019 Coquimbo

v t e ← Earthquakes in 2005 →
February	Zarand† (6.4, Feb 22)
March	Fukuoka (6.6, Mar 20) Nias–Simeulue† (8.6, Mar 28)
June	Tarapacá (7.9, Jun 13)
August	Miyagi (7.2, Aug 16)
September	Peru (7.5, Sep 25)
October	Kashmir†‡ (7.6, Oct 8)
November	Qeshm (6.0, Nov 27) Ruichang (5.2, Nov 28)
December	Lake Tanganyika (6.8, Dec 5) Hindu Kush (6.5, Dec 12)
† indicates earthquake resulting in at least 30 deaths ‡ indicates the deadliest earthquake of the year

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