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338th Infantry Regiment (United States)

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338th Infantry Regiment
Regimental Distinctive Unit Insignia
Active1917-1919
1921-1945
1946–present
Country USA
BranchU.S. Army
RoleInfantry
SizeRegiment
Part ofFirst Army
Motto(s)Marchons
AnniversariesConstituted 5 August 1917 in the National Army
DecorationsPresidential Unit Citation
Army Superior Unit Award
Battle honoursWorld War I
World War II
Insignia
The Regiment wears the 85th Division shoulder sleeve insignia
First Army shoulder sleeve insignia (worn 2007-2018)
Coat of Arms
Military unit
U.S. Infantry Regiments
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337th Infantry Regiment 339th Infantry Regiment

The 338th Infantry Regiment was a National Army Infantry Regiment first organized for service in World War I as part of the 85th Infantry Division in Europe. It later served in the Mediterranean Theater during World War II. Since then it has served as a training regiment, training Army Reserve and Army National Guard soldiers for overseas service after the September 11 terrorist attacks.

Service history

World War I

The regiment was constituted 5 August 1917 in the National Army as the 338th Infantry and assigned to the 169th Infantry Brigade of the 85th Division. It was organized at Camp Custer, Michigan, on 30 August 1917. In August 1917, the regiment was organized with 3,755 officers and enlisted men:

  • Headquarters & Headquarters Company- 303
    • Supply Company- 140
    • Machine Gun Company- 178
    • Medical & Chaplain Detachment- 56
  • Infantry Battalion (x3)- 1,026
    • Headquarters- 2
    • Rifle Company (x4)- 256

The Doughboys of the regiment deployed to France as part of the American Expeditionary Forces and were billeted in the cities of Nevers and Cosne. The regiment didn't participate in any named campaigns during the war; its Infantrymen were used as individual replacements to the fighting Divisions. After completing its war service in France it was demobilized at Camp Custer on 14 April 1919.

Interwar period

Pursuant to the National Defense Act of 1920, the 338th Infantry was reconstituted in the Organized Reserve on 24 June 1921, assigned to the 85th Division, and allotted to the Sixth Corps Area. It was initiated on 5 November 1921 with the regimental headquarters at Kalamazoo, Michigan. Subordinate battalion headquarters were organized as follows: 1st Battalion at Kalamazoo; 2nd Battalion at Lansing, Michigan; and 3rd Battalion at Ann Arbor, Michigan. The regimental headquarters was relocated on 20 July 1923 to Lansing. The 2nd and 3rd Battalions were relocated by 1929 to Hastings and Jackson, Michigan, respectively. The regimental headquarters was relocated on 26 September 1932 to Kalamazoo. The regiment conducted summer training most years with the 2nd Infantry Regiment at Camp Custer, Michigan. The regiment conducted summer training with the Michigan National Guard's 126th Infantry Regiment at Camp Grayling, Michigan, in 1928 and 1934. The regiment also conducted infantry Citizens' Military Training Camps some years at Camp Custer or Fort Brady, Michigan, as an alternate form of summer training. The primary ROTC "feeder" school was Michigan State College of Agriculture and Applied Science in Lansing.

World War II

Machine gun crew of the 338th Infantry, 85th Division, firing at Germans carrying demolitions, 19 September 1944.

The 338th Infantry was ordered into active military service 15 May 1942 and reorganized at Camp Shelby, Mississippi. In July 1943, the regiment was organized with 3,256 officers and enlisted men:

  • Headquarters & Headquarters Company- 111
    • Service Company- 114
    • Anti-Tank Company- 165
    • Cannon Company- 118
    • Medical Detachment- 135
  • Infantry Battalion (x3)- 871
    • Headquarters & Headquarters Company- 126
    • Rifle Company (x3)- 193
    • Weapons Company- 156

The regiment departed Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation in December 1943 aboard the USS General William A. Mann with its supporting 329th Field Artillery Battalion. Arriving in Italy on March 14, the 339th Regimental Combat Team was attached to the 88th Infantry Division and became the first regiment of the 85th to see combat during World War II on the Minturno-Castelforte front north of Naples, on 28 March. After service in the Mediterranean Theater it was disbanded 25 August 1945 at Camp Patrick Henry, Virginia.

Post World War II

The 338th Infantry was reconstituted 6 November 1946 in the Organized Reserves and assigned to the 85th Infantry Division with headquarters at Peoria, Illinois. On 9 July 1952, the Organized Reserve was redesignated the Army Reserve. On 1 April 1952, the headquarters was relocated to Danville, Illinois. On 1 June 1959 the 338th Infantry was reorganized as a training unit and was redesignated as the 338th Regiment, an element of the 85th Division (Training), with headquarters at Chicago, Illinois.

Current assignment

As part of Operation Bold Shift, the 338th mission is to train Army Reserve and Army National Guard Soldiers for war service before dispatch to the War in Afghanistan, the Iraq War, or elsewhere. All three battalions are elements of the 85th Support Command under the operational control of First Army. As of 2018, the 1st Battalion is stationed at Fort McCoy, Wisconsin, with the 181st Infantry Brigade, while the 2nd and 3rd Battalions are stationed at Camp Atterbury, Indiana, with the 157th Infantry Brigade. Each battalion provides Observer/Controllers to the NTC and JRTC to train units conducting rotations as well as conducting exercises at their home stations.

  • Camp Custer, Michigan Camp Custer, Michigan
  • Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation
  • USS General W. A. Mann USS General W. A. Mann
  • Welcome Home, Camp Patrick Henry Welcome Home, Camp Patrick Henry
  • Spring Offensive, Italy 1945 Spring Offensive, Italy 1945
  • IV Corps operations, Italy April 1945 IV Corps operations, Italy April 1945
  • 1st Battalion training deploying soldiers from the 101st Engineer Battalion September, 2009 1st Battalion training deploying soldiers from the 101st Engineer Battalion September, 2009

Campaign streamers

Conflict Streamer Year(s)
World War I
No Inscription
World War II

Rome-Arno 1944
North Apennines 1944-1945
Po Valley 1945

Decorations

Ribbon Award Year Subordinate Elements Embroidered Notes
Presidential Unit Citation 1944 Entire Regiment Mount Altuzzo General Orders #9, 21 October 1947
Army Superior Unit Award 2003-2004 1st Battalion 2003-2004 Permanent Order 232-07, 20 August 2007
& General Order 2009-23
Army Superior Unit Award 2004-2006 2nd and 3rd Battalions 2004-2006 Permanent Order 202-27, 21 July 2009
& General Order 2013-16
Army Superior Unit Award 2008-2011 Entire Regiment 2008-2011
Permanent Orders 332-07 announcing award of the Army Superior Unit award
None Secretary of the Army
Superior Unit Certificate 		1961-1962 Headquarters Company, 3rd Battalion None
DA GO 14, 20 March 1963

References

  1. ^ https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/regt/0338rgt.htm Lineage & Honors Certificate
  2. Mahon, John K.; Danysh, Romana (1972). Infantry Part I: Regular Army (PDF). Washington, D.C.: Office of the Chief of Military History. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
  3. "337th Infantry Regiment (85th Infantry Division)". Military.com.
  4. Maneuver and Firepower p56
  5. "ORDER OF BATTLE OF THE UNITED STATES LAND FORCES IN THE WORLD WAR p377" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
  6. Reports of the Commander-in-Chief, Staff Sections and Services p14-18
  7. Maneuver and Firepower p69
  8. "Order of battle for the 77th Infantry Division in World War I" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 March 2016. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
  9. Military Map of the United States in 1918
  10. Clay, Steven E. (2010). U.S. Army Order of Battle, 1919-1941, Volume 1. The Arms: Major Commands and Infantry Organizations, 1919-41. Fort Leavenworth, KS: Combat Studies Institute Press. p. 469.Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  11. Maneuver and Firepower p183
  12. http://www.navsource.org/archives/09/22/22112.htm Naval Source Online USS General W. A. Mann (AP-112) (1943 - 1949)
  13. https://history.army.mil/documents/WWII/wwii_Troopships.pdf Troopships of WWII
  14. http://www.custermen.com/85CD.htm Custermen
  15. http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/072/72-20/index.html Rome Arno Commemorative Publication
  16. http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/072/72-34/index.html North Apennines Commemorative Publication
  17. http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/072/72-33/index.html Po Valley Commemorative Publication
  18. "First Army Additional Input to the National Commission on the Future of the Army" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 May 2018. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
  19. https://www.army.mil/article/157956/first_army_completing_bold_shift_transformation First Army completing 'Bold Shift' transformation
  20. "181st Infantry Brigade". First Army Division West. Retrieved 3 June 2018.
  21. "157th Infantry Brigade". First Army Division East. Retrieved 3 June 2018.
  22. Rome Arno Commemorative Publication
  23. North Apennines Commemorative Publication
  24. Po Valley Commemorative Publication
  25. https://armypubs.army.mil/epubs/DR_pubs/DR_a/pdf/web/go4709.pdf General Orders #9, 1947
  26. https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/HRC/2007/232-07_20070820_HRCMD.pdf Permanent Order 232-07, 20 August 2007
  27. ^ https://www.hrc.army.mil/asset/16333 Unit Award Index 1987- Present
  28. https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/HRC/2009/202-027_20090721_HRCMD.pdf Permanent Order 202-27, 21 July 2009
  29. "CMH". history.army.mil. Archived from the original on 17 December 2007. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  30. "Permanent Order 332-07" (PDF). Department of the Army. 27 November 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 April 2015.
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