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| Millennium: | 1st millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 431 by topic |
|---|
| Leaders |
| Categories |
| Gregorian calendar | 431 CDXXXI |
| Ab urbe condita | 1184 |
| Assyrian calendar | 5181 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 352–353 |
| Bengali calendar | −162 |
| Berber calendar | 1381 |
| Buddhist calendar | 975 |
| Burmese calendar | −207 |
| Byzantine calendar | 5939–5940 |
| Chinese calendar | 庚午年 (Metal Horse) 3128 or 2921 — to — 辛未年 (Metal Goat) 3129 or 2922 |
| Coptic calendar | 147–148 |
| Discordian calendar | 1597 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 423–424 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4191–4192 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 487–488 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 352–353 |
| - Kali Yuga | 3531–3532 |
| Holocene calendar | 10431 |
| Iranian calendar | 191 BP – 190 BP |
| Islamic calendar | 197 BH – 196 BH |
| Javanese calendar | 315–316 |
| Julian calendar | 431 CDXXXI |
| Korean calendar | 2764 |
| Minguo calendar | 1481 before ROC 民前1481年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −1037 |
| Seleucid era | 742/743 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 973–974 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阳金马年 (male Iron-Horse) 557 or 176 or −596 — to — 阴金羊年 (female Iron-Goat) 558 or 177 or −595 |
Year 431 (CDXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Bassus and Antiochus (or, less frequently, year 1184 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 431 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
By place
Roman Empire
- Aetius campaign in the Alps: Flavius Aetius, Roman general (magister militum), fights the rebellion population in Rhaetia (Switzerland) and Noricum (Austria). He is attested in the city of Vindelicia (modern Augsburg), reestablishing Roman rule on the Danube frontier.
- Aetius pushes the Salian Franks back across the River Somme. King Chlodio signs a peace treaty and becomes a foederatus of the Western Roman Empire.
Africa
- Hippo Regius becomes the capital of the Vandal Kingdom. After 14 months of hunger and disease, the Vandals ravage the city. Emperor Theodosius II sends an imperial fleet with an army under command of Aspar, and lands at Carthage.
- Aspar is routed by the Vandals and Flavius Marcian, future Byzantine emperor, is captured during the fighting. He negotiates a peace with King Genseric and maintains imperial authority in Carthage.
Central America
- March 10 – Kʼukʼ Bahlam I, the first known ruler of the Mayan city-state of Palenque what is now the state of Chiapas in southern Mexico, comes to power and reigns until his death four years later in 435.
- Possible date of the Tierra Blanca Joven (TBJ) eruption of the Ilopango caldera in central El Salvador.
By topic
Arts and Sciences
- Greek Neoplatonist philosopher Proclus begins studying at the Academy in Athens.
Religion
- June – First Council of Ephesus: Nestorianism is rejected, the Nicene Creed is declared to be complete. Nestorius is deposed from his see.
- October 1 – Maximianus is enthroned as Patriarch of Constantinople.
- Pope Celestine I dispatches Palladius to serve as bishop to the Irish.
Births
- Anastasius I, emperor of the Byzantine Empire (approximate date)
- Odoacer, first "barbarian" king of Italy (d. 493)
Deaths
- June 22 – Paulinus of Nola, Christian bishop and poet (b. 354)
- Qifu Mumo, prince of the Chinese Xianbei state Western Qin
References
- "Rulers of Palenque". Archived from the original on July 17, 2012. Retrieved July 8, 2008.