Misplaced Pages

724th Strategic Missile Squadron

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
United States Air Force military unit (1943–1965)

724th Strategic Missile Squadron
Three Titan I missiles on alert at Watkins, Colorado about 1962
Active1943–1945; 1961–1965
Country United States
Branch United States Air Force
RoleIntercontinental ballistic missile
EngagementsMediterranean Theater of Operations
DecorationsDistinguished Unit Citation
Air Force Outstanding Unit Award
Insignia
724th Bombardment Squadron emblem (World War II)
Military unit

The 724th Strategic Missile Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the 451st Strategic Missile Wing at Lowry Air Force Base, Colorado, where it was inactivated on 25 June 1965.

The squadron was first activated in May 1943 as the 724th Bombardment Squadron during World War II. After training in the United States, it deployed to the Mediterranean Theater of Operations, where it participated in the strategic bombing campaign against Germany. The squadron earned three Distinguished Unit Citations for its actions during the war. Following V-E Day, the 724th returned to the United States and was inactivated. It was activated again as a missile unit in 1961, when it assumed the assets of another squadron.

History

World War II

Organization and training in the United States

The squadron was first activated in May 1943 as the 724th Bombardment Squadron at Davis-Monthan Field, Arizona, as one of the four original squadrons of the 451st Bombardment Group. Although it was originally planned that the squadron would serve as an Operational Training Unit at Davis-Monthan, instead a cadre of the 451st Group moved to Dyersburg Army Air Base, Tennessee, where the 724th and other elements of the group were filled out by personnel drawn from the 346th Bombardment Group. The squadron commander, Captain James B. Beane, and a model crew joined other members of the group for advanced tactical training with the Army Air Forces School of Applied Tactics at Orlando Army Air Base, Florida. This cadre joined the remainder of the squadron at Wendover Field, Utah, for training with the Consolidated B-24 Liberator. The squadron continued its training at Fairmont Army Air Field, Nebraska, starting in September. The squadron suffered its first losses at Fairmont, when two squadron Liberators collided during a formation training flight, killing all but one crew member. On 18 November, the air echelon of the squadron departed Fairmont for staging at Lincoln Army Air Field, Nebraska, to ferry their aircraft via the Southern Ferrying Route to the Mediterranean Theater of Operations. The ground echelon left on 26 November for the port of embarkation at Camp Patrick Henry, Virginia, for transportation by ship.

Combat operations

Squadron B-25J "Minnesota Mauler"

The squadron arrived at Gioia del Colle Airfield, Italy, at the beginning of January 1944, although the air echelon remained at Telergma Airfield, Algeria, until 20 January to conduct additional training. The squadron functioned primarily as a strategic bombing unit, attacking various targets including oil refineries, marshalling yards, aircraft factories and airfields in Italy, Germany, France, Czechoslovakia, Austria, Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, Greece and Albania. It earned a Distinguished Unit Citation during Big Week for an attack on a Messerschmitt aircraft factory at Regensburg, Germany, on 25 February 1944. It added oak leaf clusters to this award for an attack on oil refineries and marshalling yards at Ploesti, Romania, on 5 April 1944 and on Markersdorf-Haindorf Airfield near Vienna, Austria, on 23 August 1944. On each of these missions the squadron was opposed by large numbers of German interceptor aircraft and heavy flak, but fought its way through to inflict serious damage on the targets and destroy many defending aircraft. Major Beane, the squadron commander, was among those squadron personnel who were shot down during the Ploesti mission.

When returning from the Regensburg attack, runway conditions at Gioia del Colle were so poor that the aircraft of the 451st Group were unable to land there, but spread out among a number of bases in Italy. These poor conditions continued and on 8 March the squadron moved to San Pancrazio Airfield, Italy. The 451st Group's 726th Bombardment Squadron was also relocated there.

On 6 April, the 724th moved to Castelluccio Airfield, where it joined the remainder of the group. From its new base, the squadron also flew air support and interdiction missions. It undertook preliminary operations in preparation for Operation Dragoon, the invasion of southern France, in August 1944. The following month its bombers transported supplies to forces operating in Italy, It also supported Operation Grapeshot, the final advance of Allied armies in northern Italy. The squadron's last mission was flown on 26 April 1945 against marshalling yards at Sachsenburg, Austria.

The squadron left Italy in June 1945, with the air echelon ferrying their planes, while most of the ground echelon sailed on the USS General M. C. Meigs to Newport News, Virginia. The squadron assembled later in the month at Dow Field, Maine, where it was inactivated on 26 September 1945. Personnel who were not discharged from the service on return to the United States were transferred to Air Transport Command units at Dow.

Strategic Air Command

Strategic Air Command (SAC)'s first HGM-25A Titan I wing, the 703d Strategic Missile Wing was located at Lowry Air Force Base, Colorado. SAC decided to replace the 703d Wing with the 451st Strategic Missile Wing. As part of this change, the squadron was redesignated the 724th Strategic Missile Squadron and organized on 1 July 1961 to replace the 848th Strategic Missile Squadron, which was simultaneously inactivated. The 724th absorbed the 848th's mission personnel and missiles. On 6 October, the squadron's first Titan I missile was placed in its silo.

Map all coordinates using OpenStreetMap

Download coordinates as:

HGM-25A Titan I missile sites

The squadron was deployed in a "3x3" configuration, which meant its nine missiles were divided into three sites. Each had three intercontinental ballistic missiles. The squadron missile sites were:

724-A, 8 miles SSW of Watkins, Colorado 39°38′55″N 104°41′27″W / 39.64861°N 104.69083°W / 39.64861; -104.69083 (724-A)
724-B, 10 miles SSW of Watkins, Colorado39°36′17″N 104°34′50″W / 39.60472°N 104.58056°W / 39.60472; -104.58056 (724-B)
724-C, 8 miles SE of Watkins, Colorado 39°39′57″N 104°29′38″W / 39.66583°N 104.49389°W / 39.66583; -104.49389 (724-C)

The squadron was declared operational on 18 April 1962, and on 20 April 1962, it was the first to place a Titan I missile on alert status. On 19 November 1964, Defense Secretary Robert McNamara announced the phase-out of the remaining first-generation SM-65 Atlas and Titan I missiles by the end of June 1965. Consequently, the Titan Is of the 724th began to be removed from alert status on 17 February 1965. The Air Force subsequently inactivated the squadron on 25 June.

Lineage

  • Constituted as the 724th Bombardment Squadron (Heavy) on 6 April 1943
Activated on 1 May 1943
Redesignated 724th Bombardment Squadron, Heavy on 10 May 1943
Inactivated on 26 September 1945
  • Redesignated 724th Strategic Missile Squadron (ICBM-Titan) and activated on 26 April 1961 (not organized)
Organized on 1 July 1961
Inactivated on 25 June 1965

Assignments

  • 451st Bombardment Group, 1 May 1943 – 26 September 1945
  • Strategic Air Command, 26 April 1961 (not organized)
  • 451st Strategic Missile Wing, 1 July 1961 – 25 June 1965

Stations

  • Davis-Monthan Field, Arizona, 1 May 1943
  • Dyersburg Army Air Base, Tennessee, 4 June 1943
  • Wendover Field, Utah, c. 19 July 1943
  • Fairmont Army Air Field, Nebraska, 8 September – 26 November 1943
  • Gioia del Colle Airfield, Italy, 2 January 1944
  • San Pancrazio Airfield, Italy 8 March 1944
  • Castelluccio Airfield, Italy c. 6 April 1944 – c. 4 June 1945
  • Dow Field, Maine, 18 June – 26 September 1945
  • Lowry Air Force Base, Colorado, 26 April 1961 – 25 June 1965

Aircraft and missiles

  • Consolidated B-24 Liberator, 1943–1945
  • HGM-25A Titan I, 1961–1965

Awards and campaigns

Award streamer Award Dates Notes
Distinguished Unit Citation 25 February 1944 Regensburg, Germany 724th Bombardment Squadron
Distinguished Unit Citation 5 April 1944 Ploesti, Romania 724th Bombardment Squadron
Distinguished Unit Citation 23 August 1944 Austria 724th Bombardment Squadron
Air Force Outstanding Unit Award 1 July 1963-30 June 1964 724th Strategic Missile Squadron
Campaign Streamer Campaign Dates Notes
Air Offensive, Europe 2 January 1944 – 5 June 1944 724th Bombardment Squadron
Air Combat, EAME Theater 2 January 1944 – 11 May 1945 724th Bombardment Squadron
Naples-Foggia 2 January 1944 – 21 January 1944 724th Bombardment Squadron
Anzio 22 January 1944 – 24 May 1944 724th Bombardment Squadron
Rome-Arno 22 January 1944 – 9 September 1944 724th Bombardment Squadron
Normandy 6 June 1944 – 24 July 1944 724th Bombardment Squadron
Northern France 25 July 1944 – 14 September 1944 724th Bombardment Squadron
Southern France 15 August 1944 – 14 September 1944 724th Bombardment Squadron
North Apennines 10 September 1944 – 4 April 1945 724th Bombardment Squadron
Rhineland 15 September 1944 – 21 March 1945 724th Bombardment Squadron
Ardennes-Alsace 16 December 1944 – 25 January 1945 724th Bombardment Squadron
Central Europe 22 March 1944 – 21 May 1945 724th Bombardment Squadron
Po Valley 3 April 1945 – 8 May 1945 724th Bombardment Squadron

See also

References

Notes

Explanatory notes
  1. Aircraft is Ford built Consolidated B-24J-5-FO Liberator, serial 42-50906. Minnesota Mauler. This aircraft crash landed at Zadar, Yugoslavia on 9 March 1945. Baugher, Joe (9 May 2023). "1942 USAF Serial Numbers". Joe Baugher. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
  2. Major Beane was taken prisoner of war (POW). After the Red Army overran his POW camp in Romania, he returned to the group in the fall of 1944. History of the 451st Group, p. 18.
Citations
  1. Watkins, pp. 96–97
  2. ^ Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 721
  3. ^ Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 325–326
  4. History of the 451st Group, pp. 1–2
  5. History of the 451st Group, pp. 7–9
  6. History of the 451st Group, p. 10
  7. ^ History of the 451st Group, p. 11
  8. History of the 451st Group, p. 33
  9. ^ History of the 451st Group, p. 35
  10. ^ SAC Missile Chronology, p. 48
  11. Ravenstein, pp. 292–293
  12. ^ Ravenstein, p. 247
  13. Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 780
  14. SAC Missile Chronology, p. 32
  15. SAC Missile Chronology, pp. 18–19
  16. Narducci, p. 8
  17. SAC Missile Chronology, p. 34
  18. ^ Lineage, including assignments and stations, through March 1963 in Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 721
  19. Mueller, p. 336
  20. AF Pamphlet 900-2, p. 451

Bibliography

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

United States Air Force Missile Units
Strategic
Wings/Groups
Squadrons
Atlas
Titan
Minuteman
Jupiter
Thor
Peacekeeper
Snark
Flight Test
Tactical
Wings/Groups
Squadrons
BOMARC
Gryphon 
Mace 
Matador
United States Air Force
Leadership
Structure
Commands
Direct Reporting Units
Major commands
Numbered Air Forces
Personnel and
training
Uniforms and
equipment
History and
traditions
Strategic Air Command (SAC)
Bases
active
(MAJCOM)
CONUS
overseas
former /
inactive
CONUS
overseas
Units
Air Forces
Divisions
Air
Strategic
aerospace
Strategic missile
Wings
Bombardment
Fighter
Missile
Reconnaissance
Refueling
Strategic
Aerospace
AFCON
MAJCOM
USAAF
Groups
*= initial assigned
unit upon SAC's
activation
Bombardment
Fighter
Reconnaissance
Major
weapon
systems
Bombers
Command
& Control
Fighters
Missiles
Reconnaissance
Tankers
Transport
Commanders
Emblems
United States military aircraft designation systems
USAAF Fifteenth Air Force in World War II
Stations
Tunisia
Italy
Units
Wings
Groups
Bombardment
Fighter
  • United States Army Air Forces
USAAF Second Air Force in World War II
Airfields
Units
Commands
Wings
Groups
Bombardment
Fighter
Reconnaissance
Troop Carrier
  • United States Army Air Forces
Category: