AMY1A

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

AMY1A

Available structures

Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB

List of PDB id codes
1C8Q, 1JXJ, 1JXK, 1MFU, 1MFV, 1NM9, 1Q4N, 1SMD, 1XV8, 1Z32, 3BLK, 3BLP, 3DHP

Identifiers

Aliases

AMY1A, AMY1, amylase, alpha 1A (salivary), amylase alpha 1A (salivary), amylase alpha 1A

External IDs

OMIM: 104700; HomoloGene: 133998; GeneCards: AMY1A; OMA:AMY1A - orthologs

EC number

3.2.1.1

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 1 (human)

Band	1p21.1	Start	103,655,760 bp
Band	1p21.1	End	103,664,554 bp

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

body of pancreas

testicle

right uterine tube

gonad

olfactory zone of nasal mucosa

tonsil

right lobe of thyroid gland

placenta

left lobe of thyroid gland

salivary gland

n/a

More reference expression data

BioGPS

n/a

Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein binding alpha-amylase activity hydrolase activity catalytic activity metal ion binding hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds cation binding
Cellular component	extracellular region extracellular exosome extracellular space
Biological process	digestion metabolism carbohydrate metabolic process
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


276


n/a

Ensembl


ENSG00000237763


n/a

UniProt


P04745


n/a

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_004038 NM_001008221


n/a

RefSeq (protein)


NP_001008220 NP_001333709 NP_001008222 NP_004029 NP_001008219


n/a

Location (UCSC)

Chr 1: 103.66 – 103.66 Mb

n/a

PubMed search

n/a

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

Alpha-amylase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AMY1A gene. This gene is found in many organisms.

Amylases are secreted proteins that hydrolyze 1,4-alpha-glucoside bonds in oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, and thus catalyze the first step in digestion of dietary starch and glycogen. The human genome has a cluster of several amylase genes that are expressed at high levels in either salivary gland or pancreas. This gene encodes an amylase isoenzyme produced by the salivary gland. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein.

References

^ GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000237763 – Ensembl, May 2017
"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Entrez Gene: AMY1A amylase, alpha 1A; salivary".

External links

Human AMY1A genome location and AMY1A gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P04745 (Alpha-amylase 1) at the PDBe-KB.

Bank RA, Hettema EH, Arwert F, et al. (1991). "Electrophoretic characterization of posttranslational modifications of human parotid salivary alpha-amylase". Electrophoresis. 12 (1): 74–9. doi:10.1002/elps.1150120114. PMID 1710976. S2CID 27328712.
Groot PC, Mager WH, Henriquez NV, et al. (1991). "Evolution of the human alpha-amylase multigene family through unequal, homologous, and inter- and intrachromosomal crossovers". Genomics. 8 (1): 97–105. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(90)90230-R. PMID 2081604.
Nishide T, Nakamura Y, Emi M, et al. (1986). "Primary structure of human salivary alpha-amylase gene". Gene. 41 (2–3): 299–304. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(86)90110-1. PMID 2423416.
Davis MM, Hodes ME, Munsick RA, et al. (1986). "Pancreatic amylase expression in human pancreatic development". Hybridoma. 5 (2): 137–45. doi:10.1089/hyb.1986.5.137. PMID 2424823.
Handy DE, Larsen SH, Karn RC, Hodes ME (1987). "Identification of a human salivary amylase gene. Partial sequence of genomic DNA suggests a mode of regulation different from that of mouse, Amy1". Mol. Biol. Med. 4 (3): 145–55. PMID 2442579.
Horii A, Emi M, Tomita N, et al. (1988). "Primary structure of human pancreatic alpha-amylase gene: its comparison with human salivary alpha-amylase gene". Gene. 60 (1): 57–64. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(87)90213-7. hdl:11094/36665. PMID 2450054.
Gumucio DL, Wiebauer K, Caldwell RM, et al. (1988). "Concerted evolution of human amylase genes". Mol. Cell. Biol. 8 (3): 1197–205. doi:10.1128/MCB.8.3.1197. PMC 363264. PMID 2452973.
Samuelson LC, Wiebauer K, Gumucio DL, Meisler MH (1988). "Expression of the human amylase genes: recent origin of a salivary amylase promoter from an actin pseudogene". Nucleic Acids Res. 16 (17): 8261–76. doi:10.1093/nar/16.17.8261. PMC 338557. PMID 2458567.
Groot PC, Bleeker MJ, Pronk JC, et al. (1989). "The human alpha-amylase multigene family consists of haplotypes with variable numbers of genes". Genomics. 5 (1): 29–42. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(89)90083-9. PMID 2788608.
Pronk JC, Frants RR, Jansen W, et al. (1982). "Evidence of duplication of the human salivary amylase gene". Hum. Genet. 60 (1): 32–5. doi:10.1007/BF00281260. PMID 6176528. S2CID 37322144.
Zabel BU, Naylor SL, Sakaguchi AY, et al. (1984). "High-resolution chromosomal localization of human genes for amylase, proopiomelanocortin, somatostatin, and a DNA fragment (D3S1) by in situ hybridization". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80 (22): 6932–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.80.22.6932. PMC 390100. PMID 6196780.
Tricoli JV, Shows TB (1984). "Regional assignment of human amylase (AMY) to p22----p21 of chromosome 1". Somat. Cell Mol. Genet. 10 (2): 205–10. doi:10.1007/BF01534909. PMID 6608795. S2CID 21230969.
Nishide T, Emi M, Nakamura Y, Matsubara K (1984). "Corrected sequences of cDNAs for human salivary and pancreatic alpha-amylases ". Gene. 28 (2): 263–70. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(84)90265-8. PMID 6610603.
Seyama K, Nukiwa T, Takahashi K, et al. (1994). "Amylase mRNA transcripts in normal tissues and neoplasms: the implication of different expressions of amylase isogenes". J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 120 (4): 213–20. doi:10.1007/BF01372559. PMID 7507116. S2CID 6897149.
Ragunath C, Sundar K, Ramasubbu N (2002). "Expression, characterization, and biochemical properties of recombinant human salivary amylase". Protein Expr. Purif. 24 (2): 202–11. doi:10.1006/prep.2001.1559. PMID 11858714.
Hokari S, Miura K, Koyama I, et al. (2002). "A restriction endonuclease assay for expression of human alpha-amylase isozymes". Clin. Chim. Acta. 322 (1–2): 113–6. doi:10.1016/S0009-8981(02)00161-4. PMID 12104089.
Furusawa M, Taira T, Iguchi-Ariga SM, Ariga H (2003). "AMY-1 interacts with S-AKAP84 and AKAP95 in the cytoplasm and the nucleus, respectively, and inhibits cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity by preventing binding of its catalytic subunit to A-kinase-anchoring protein (AKAP) complex". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (52): 50885–92. doi:10.1074/jbc.M206387200. PMID 12414807.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Ramasubbu N, Ragunath C, Mishra PJ (2003). "Probing the role of a mobile loop in substrate binding and enzyme activity of human salivary amylase". J. Mol. Biol. 325 (5): 1061–76. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(02)01326-8. PMID 12527308.
Kandra L, Gyémánt G, Remenyik J, et al. (2003). "Subsite mapping of human salivary alpha-amylase and the mutant Y151M". FEBS Lett. 544 (1–3): 194–8. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(03)00495-2. PMID 12782315. S2CID 83561963.

v t e PDB gallery
1b2y: STRUCTURE OF HUMAN PANCREATIC ALPHA-AMYLASE IN COMPLEX WITH THE CARBOHYDRATE INHIBITOR ACARBOSE 1bsi: HUMAN PANCREATIC ALPHA-AMYLASE FROM PICHIA PASTORIS, GLYCOSYLATED PROTEIN 1c8q: STRUCTURE SOLUTION AND REFINEMENT OF THE RECOMBINANT HUMAN SALIVARY AMYLASE 1cpu: SUBSITE MAPPING OF THE ACTIVE SITE OF HUMAN PANCREATIC ALPHA-AMYLASE USING SUBSTRATES, THE PHARMACOLOGICAL INHIBITOR ACARBOSE, AND AN ACTIVE SITE VARIANT 1hny: The structure of human pancreatic alpha-amylase at 1.8 angstroms resolution and comparisons with related enzymes 1jxj: Role of mobile loop in the mechanism of human salivary amylase 1jxk: Role of the mobile loop in the mechanism of human salivary amylase 1kb3: Three Dimensional Structure Analysis of the R195A Variant of Human Pancreatic Alpha Amylase 1kbb: Mechanistic Analyses of Catalysis in Human Pancreatic alpha-Amylase: Detailed Kinetic and Structural Studies of Mutants of Three Conserved Carboxylic Acids 1kbk: Mechanistic Analyses of Catalysis in Human Pancreatic Alpha-Amylase: Detailed Kinetic and Structural Studies of Mutants of Three Conserved Carboxylic Acids 1kgu: THREE DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF THE R337A VARIANT OF HUMAN PANCREATIC ALPHA-AMYLASE 1kgw: THREE DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF THE R337Q VARIANT OF HUMAN PANCREATIC ALPHA-MYLASE 1kgx: Three Dimensional Structure Analysis of the R195Q Variant of Human Pancreatic Alpha Amylase 1mfu: Probing the role of a mobile loop in human salivary amylase: Structural studies on the loop-deleted mutant 1mfv: Probing the role of a mobile loop in human slaivary amylase: Structural studies on the loop-deleted enzyme 1nm9: Crystal structure of recombinant human salivary amylase mutant W58A 1q4n: Structural studies of Phe256Trp of human salivary alpha-amylase: implications for the role of a conserved water molecule and its associated chain in enzyme activity 1smd: HUMAN SALIVARY AMYLASE 1u2y: In situ extension as an approach for identifying novel alpha-amylase inhibitors, structure containing D-gluconhydroximo-1,5-lactam 1u30: In situ extension as an approach for identifying novel alpha-amylase inhibitors, structure containing maltosyl-alpha (1,4)-D-gluconhydroximo-1,5-lactam 1u33: In situ extension as an approach for identifying novel alpha-amylase inhibitors 1xcw: Acarbose Rearrangement Mechanism Implied by the Kinetic and Structural Analysis of Human Pancreatic alpha-Amylase in Complex with Analogues and Their Elongated Counterparts 1xcx: Acarbose Rearrangement Mechanism Implied by the Kinetic and Structural Analysis of Human Pancreatic alpha-Amylase in Complex with Analogues and Their Elongated Counterparts 1xd0: Acarbose Rearrangement Mechanism Implied by the Kinetic and Structural Analysis of Human Pancreatic alpha-Amylase in Complex with Analogues and Their Elongated Counterparts 1xd1: Acarbose Rearrangement Mechanism Implied by the Kinetic and Structural Analysis of Human Pancreatic alpha-Amylase in Complex with Analogues and Their Elongated Counterparts 1xgz: Structure of the N298S variant of human pancreatic alpha-amylase 1xh0: Structure of the N298S variant of human pancreatic alpha-amylase complexed with acarbose 1xh1: Structure of the N298S variant of human pancreatic alpha-amylase complexed with chloride 1xh2: Structure of the N298S variant of human pancreatic alpha-amylase complexed with chloride and acarbose 1xv8: Crystal Structure of Human Salivary Alpha-Amylase Dimer 1z32: Structure-function relationships in human salivary alpha-amylase: Role of aromatic residues 2cpu: SUBSITE MAPPING OF THE ACTIVE SITE OF HUMAN PANCREATIC ALPHA-AMYLASE USING SUBSTRATES, THE PHARMACOLOGICAL INHIBITOR ACARBOSE, AND AN ACTIVE SITE VARIANT 3cpu: SUBSITE MAPPING OF THE ACTIVE SITE OF HUMAN PANCREATIC ALPHA-AMYLASE USING SUBSTRATES, THE PHARMACOLOGICAL INHIBITOR ACARBOSE, AND AN ACTIVE SITE VARIANT

PDB gallery

1b2y: STRUCTURE OF HUMAN PANCREATIC ALPHA-AMYLASE IN COMPLEX WITH THE CARBOHYDRATE INHIBITOR ACARBOSE
1bsi: HUMAN PANCREATIC ALPHA-AMYLASE FROM PICHIA PASTORIS, GLYCOSYLATED PROTEIN
1c8q: STRUCTURE SOLUTION AND REFINEMENT OF THE RECOMBINANT HUMAN SALIVARY AMYLASE
1cpu: SUBSITE MAPPING OF THE ACTIVE SITE OF HUMAN PANCREATIC ALPHA-AMYLASE USING SUBSTRATES, THE PHARMACOLOGICAL INHIBITOR ACARBOSE, AND AN ACTIVE SITE VARIANT
1hny: The structure of human pancreatic alpha-amylase at 1.8 angstroms resolution and comparisons with related enzymes
1jxj: Role of mobile loop in the mechanism of human salivary amylase
1jxk: Role of the mobile loop in the mechanism of human salivary amylase
1kb3: Three Dimensional Structure Analysis of the R195A Variant of Human Pancreatic Alpha Amylase
1kbb: Mechanistic Analyses of Catalysis in Human Pancreatic alpha-Amylase: Detailed Kinetic and Structural Studies of Mutants of Three Conserved Carboxylic Acids
1kbk: Mechanistic Analyses of Catalysis in Human Pancreatic Alpha-Amylase: Detailed Kinetic and Structural Studies of Mutants of Three Conserved Carboxylic Acids
1kgu: THREE DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF THE R337A VARIANT OF HUMAN PANCREATIC ALPHA-AMYLASE
1kgw: THREE DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF THE R337Q VARIANT OF HUMAN PANCREATIC ALPHA-MYLASE
1kgx: Three Dimensional Structure Analysis of the R195Q Variant of Human Pancreatic Alpha Amylase
1mfu: Probing the role of a mobile loop in human salivary amylase: Structural studies on the loop-deleted mutant
1mfv: Probing the role of a mobile loop in human slaivary amylase: Structural studies on the loop-deleted enzyme
1nm9: Crystal structure of recombinant human salivary amylase mutant W58A
1q4n: Structural studies of Phe256Trp of human salivary alpha-amylase: implications for the role of a conserved water molecule and its associated chain in enzyme activity
1smd: HUMAN SALIVARY AMYLASE
1u2y: In situ extension as an approach for identifying novel alpha-amylase inhibitors, structure containing D-gluconhydroximo-1,5-lactam
1u30: In situ extension as an approach for identifying novel alpha-amylase inhibitors, structure containing maltosyl-alpha (1,4)-D-gluconhydroximo-1,5-lactam
1u33: In situ extension as an approach for identifying novel alpha-amylase inhibitors
1xcw: Acarbose Rearrangement Mechanism Implied by the Kinetic and Structural Analysis of Human Pancreatic alpha-Amylase in Complex with Analogues and Their Elongated Counterparts
1xcx: Acarbose Rearrangement Mechanism Implied by the Kinetic and Structural Analysis of Human Pancreatic alpha-Amylase in Complex with Analogues and Their Elongated Counterparts
1xd0: Acarbose Rearrangement Mechanism Implied by the Kinetic and Structural Analysis of Human Pancreatic alpha-Amylase in Complex with Analogues and Their Elongated Counterparts
1xd1: Acarbose Rearrangement Mechanism Implied by the Kinetic and Structural Analysis of Human Pancreatic alpha-Amylase in Complex with Analogues and Their Elongated Counterparts
1xgz: Structure of the N298S variant of human pancreatic alpha-amylase
1xh0: Structure of the N298S variant of human pancreatic alpha-amylase complexed with acarbose
1xh1: Structure of the N298S variant of human pancreatic alpha-amylase complexed with chloride
1xh2: Structure of the N298S variant of human pancreatic alpha-amylase complexed with chloride and acarbose
1xv8: Crystal Structure of Human Salivary Alpha-Amylase Dimer
1z32: Structure-function relationships in human salivary alpha-amylase: Role of aromatic residues
2cpu: SUBSITE MAPPING OF THE ACTIVE SITE OF HUMAN PANCREATIC ALPHA-AMYLASE USING SUBSTRATES, THE PHARMACOLOGICAL INHIBITOR ACARBOSE, AND AN ACTIVE SITE VARIANT
3cpu: SUBSITE MAPPING OF THE ACTIVE SITE OF HUMAN PANCREATIC ALPHA-AMYLASE USING SUBSTRATES, THE PHARMACOLOGICAL INHIBITOR ACARBOSE, AND AN ACTIVE SITE VARIANT

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