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ARL6IP4

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Protein-coding gene in humans
ARL6IP4
Identifiers
AliasesARL6IP4, SFRS20, SR-25, SRp25, SRrp37, ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 6 interacting protein 4
External IDsOMIM: 607668; MGI: 1929500; HomoloGene: 9606; GeneCards: ARL6IP4; OMA:ARL6IP4 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chromosome 12 (human)
Chr.Chromosome 12 (human)
Chromosome 12 (human)Genomic location for ARL6IP4Genomic location for ARL6IP4
Band12q24.31Start122,980,060 bp
End122,982,913 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chromosome 5 (mouse)
Chr.Chromosome 5 (mouse)
Chromosome 5 (mouse)Genomic location for ARL6IP4Genomic location for ARL6IP4
Band5|5 FStart124,254,152 bp
End124,256,259 bp
RNA expression pattern
Bgee
HumanMouse (ortholog)
Top expressed in
  • Pituitary Gland

  • anterior pituitary

  • Amygdala

  • popliteal artery

  • muscle layer of sigmoid colon

  • tibial arteries

  • fundus

  • right frontal lobe

  • prostate

  • anterior cingulate cortex
Top expressed in
  • Ileal epithelium

  • internal carotid artery

  • external carotid artery

  • facial motor nucleus

  • primitive streak

  • hair follicle

  • motor neuron

  • superior surface of tongue

  • Paneth cell

  • fossa
More reference expression data
BioGPS
n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function
Cellular component
Biological process
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

51329

65105

Ensembl

ENSG00000182196

ENSMUSG00000029404

UniProt

Q66PJ3

Q9JM93

RefSeq (mRNA)
NM_001002251
NM_001002252
NM_001278378
NM_001278379
NM_001278380

NM_016638
NM_018694

NM_144509

RefSeq (protein)
NP_001002251
NP_001002252
NP_001265307
NP_001265308
NP_001265309

NP_057722
NP_061164

NP_653092

Location (UCSC)Chr 12: 122.98 – 122.98 MbChr 5: 124.25 – 124.26 Mb
PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

ADP-ribosylation-like factor 6 interacting protein 4 (ARL6IP4), also called SRp25 is the product of the ARL6IP4 gene located on chromosome 12q24. 31. Its function is unknown.

Structure

It is 360 amino acids in length. It is expressed ubiquitously but only in G1/S phase of the cell cycle. The human and mouse mRNAs of this protein have 77% homology.

Two types of amino acid clusters have been observed, a serine cluster and a basic cluster.

Function

Its function(s) are unknown. However, due to sequence homology of its protein with SR splicing factors, it is widely believed that the protein is nuclear and may have a role in splicing regulation. The protein is believed to be a mediator in the RAC1 signalling pathway.

RNA editing

The pre-mRNA of the ARL6IP4 gene product is subject to RNA Editing.

Type

A to I RNA editing is catalyzed by a family of adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) that specifically recognize adenosines within double-stranded regions of pre-mRNAs and deaminate them to inosine. Inosines are recognised as guanosine by cellular translational machinery. ADAR 1 and ADAR 2 are the only enzymatically active members. ADAR3 is thought to have a regulatory role in the brain. ADAR1 and ADAR 2 are widely expressed in tissues while ADAR 3 is restricted to the brain. The double stranded regions of RNA are formed by base-pairing between residues in the region close to the editing site with residues usually in a neighboring intron but can be an exonic sequence. The region that base pairs with the editing region is known as an Editing Complementary Sequence (ECS).

Location

Editing occurs at a K/R editing site within amino acid position 225 of the final protein. Using RT-PCR and sequencing of 100 individual clones, 7% of isoform 3 of the protein showed a G instead of an A at this position during sequencing. Other minor editing sites may be potentially present including some in the same exon as the major editing site. As is the case of IGFBP7, pre-mRNA, editing is unusual as the RNA fold back structure is made up off exonic sequence only.

Effects on protein structure

Editing at this site results in a codon changed from a Lysine to an Arginine. This occurs in a highly basic region of the protein.

Effects on protein function

The function of the unedited protein is largely uncharacterised. Therefore, the effect of editing on the pre-mRNA on the proteins function is also unknown. The amino acid change is conservative and is unlikely to massively alter protein function. However, the editing site may be important since the amino acid being altered is a Lysine, which may be involved in the regulation of protein expression. Lysines can be sites of post-translational modification and the conversion of Lysine to an Arginine could affect post-translational modification.

References

  1. ^ GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000182196Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000029404Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. "ARL6IP4 Gene - GeneCards | AR6P4 Protein | AR6P4 Antibody". Archived from the original on 2011-07-26. Retrieved 2011-02-14.
  6. ^ Sasahara K, Yamaoka T, Moritani M, Tanaka M, Iwahana H, Yoshimoto K, Miyagawa J, Kuroda Y, Itakura M (March 2000). "Molecular cloning and expression analysis of a putative nuclear protein, SR-25". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 269 (2): 444–50. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.2301. PMID 10708573.
  7. Li Q, Zhao H, Jiang L, Che Y, Dong C, Wang L, Wang J, Liu L (March 2002). "An SR-protein induced by HSVI binding to cells functioning as a splicing inhibitor of viral pre-mRNA". J. Mol. Biol. 316 (4): 887–94. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2001.5318. PMID 11884129.
  8. ^ Gommans WM, Tatalias NE, Sie CP, Dupuis D, Vendetti N, Smith L, Kaushal R, Maas S (October 2008). "Screening of human SNP database identifies recoding sites of A-to-I RNA editing". RNA. 14 (10): 2074–85. doi:10.1261/rna.816908. PMC 2553741. PMID 18772245.

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