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Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Mufarraj bin Ani al-Khalil (fl. c. 1200), better known as Abu al-Abbas al-Nabati, Ibn al-Rumiya or al-Ashshab, (Arabic: أبو العباس النباتي, Abu’l-ʿAbbās al-Nabātī), was an Andalusian scientist, botanist, pharmacist and theologian. He was a teacher of fellow Andalusian botanist Ibn al-Baitar.

Life

Though often referred to by multiple nicknames, Nabati's birth name was Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Mufarrij bin Abdillah. Nabati was a descendant of freed slaves, and the nickname Ibn al-Rumiyah or "son of the Roman woman" was due to his mother's Byzantine Greek ethnicity, a fact which was said to cause Nabati a measure of embarrassment.

Born in Seville, Spain in 1166, Nabati traveled to North Africa, the Levant and Iraq while pursuing his education, eventually spending a period in Alexandria in 1216. He later returned to Seville and opened a pharmacy.

Nabati was also a theologian. Though he initially followed the Maliki school of Sunni Islam, Nabati later chose to switch to the Zahirite school, being described as a "fanatical" adherent of the teachings of Ibn Hazm. He died in 1240.

Works

Upon his return to Spain, Nabati authored his famous work Botanical Journey, an early book on plant and herb species which he based on his observations around the world.

Nabati wrote a commentary on the book of Pedanius Dioscorides which bore the title Materia Medica after the term. Nabati's commentary was itself encyclopedic in nature, seeking to bring together the work of both Dioscorides and Ibn Juljul, along with preceding traditions and Nabati's own original contributions on plants in the Iberian peninsula.

See also

• Islamic science
• Islamic medicine
• Muslim Agricultural Revolution
• Islamic scholars

Citations

1. "The History of the Mohammedan Dynasties in Spain", taken from Ahmed Mohammed al-Maqqari's Nafhut Tibb min Ghusn al-Andalus al-Ratib wa Tarikh Lisan ad-Din Ibn al-Khatib. Translated by Pascual de Gayangos y Arce from copies in the British Museum, vol. 1, pg. 871. London: The Orientalist Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. Sold by W. H. Allen Ltd and M. Duprat.
2. Saad & Said 2011.
3. Odinsson 2010, pp. 120–121.
4. Huff 2003, p. 218.
5. Emilia Calvo, "Ibn al-Baytar." Taken from the Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-western Cultures, pg. 404. Ed. H. Selin. New York: Springer Publishing, 1997. ISBN 9780792340669
6. The Book of Medicinal and Nutritional Terms at the World Digital Library. Last updated: March 16, 2012. Accessed June 3, 2013.
7. Toufic Fahd, "Botany and agriculture." Taken from Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science, Volume 3: Technology, Alchemy and Life Sciences, pg. 819. Ed. Roshdi Rasheed. London: Routledge, 1996. ISBN 0415124123
8. ^ Dietrich, A. (2004). "Ibn al-Rūmiyya". In Bearman, P. J.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E. & Heinrichs, W. P. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume XII: Supplement. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 396–397. ISBN 978-90-04-13974-9.
9. Salahuddin Khuda Bukhsh, Studies: Indian and Islamic, pg. 180. London: Routledge, 2001.
10. ^ K.H. Batanouny, Wild Medicinal Plants in Egypt: An Inventory to Support Conservation and Sustainable Use, pg. 8. In collaboration with S Abou Tabl, M. Shabana and F. Soliman and support of the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation. Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (Egypt), International Union for Conservation of Nature. Cairo: January 30th, 1999.
11. Ignác Goldziher, The Zahiris: Their Doctrine and Their History, Brill Classics in Islam Volume 3, pg. 171. Brill Publishers: Boston, 2008
12. Martijn Theodoor Houtsma, Encyclopaedia of Islam, vol. 5, pg. 527. Leiden: Brill Publishers, 1993.
13. Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science, volume 1: Astronomy, Theoretical and Applied, pg. 264. Ed. Roshdi Rasheed. London: Routledge, 1996. ISBN 0415124107

References

• Huff, Toby (2003). The Rise of Early Modern Science: Islam, China, and the West. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-52994-8.
• Odinsson, Eoghan (2010). Northern Lore. Seattle, WA: Createspace. ISBN 978-1-4528-5143-3.
• Saad, Bashar; Said, Omar (2011). "3.3". Greco-Arab and Islamic Herbal Medicine. West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781118002261.

• Pharmacologists from al-Andalus
• Alchemists of the medieval Islamic world
• Botanists of the medieval Islamic world
• Herbalists
• 12th-century scientists
• 12th-century writers from al-Andalus
• People from Seville
• Scholars from al-Andalus
• 1166 births
• 1239 deaths
• 12th-century jurists
• 13th-century jurists
• Zahiris