Alberta Human Rights Commission

(Redirected from Alberta Human Rights and Citizenship Commission) Canadian human rights authority

Alberta Human Rights Commission
Commission overview

Type	Independent human rights commission
Headquarters	800 - 10405 Jasper Ave NW, Edmonton, AB T5J 4R7 620 - 7 Ave SW Calgary, AB T2P 0Y8
Motto	Fostering equality and reducing discrimination
Annual budget	$6.918 m CAD (2023)
Minister responsible	Mickey Amery, Minister of Justice
Commission executive	Kathryn Oviatt, K.C., Chief of the Commission and Tribunals
Key document	Alberta Human Rights Act
Website	albertahumanrights.ab.ca

The Alberta Human Rights Commission (AHRC) is a quasi-judicial human rights commission in Alberta, Canada, created by the provincial government.

The Commission was established under and tasked with administering the Alberta Human Rights Act (AHRA). Its mandate is to reduce discrimination in Alberta "through the resolution and settlement of complaints of discrimination, and through human rights tribunal and court hearings." In relation to complaint resolution and settlement, the primary purpose of the tribunals is adjudicative.

It is headed by the Chief of the Commission and Tribunals, who is tasked with informing Alberta's Minister of Justice of human rights issues, as well as providing guidance to Commission members regarding such functions as their tribunal hearings, and to the Commission director regarding the overall objective of the Commission. Both the Chief and Commission members are appointed by Order in Council.

The AHRC differs from the Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC), which deals with complaints relating to treatment by the federal government or a federally-regulated business.

Organization

The functions of the Commission are laid out in the Alberta Human Rights Act. In particular, section 16(1) states that the function of the Commission is:

(a) to forward the principle that all persons are equal in dignity, rights and responsibilities without regard to race, religious beliefs, colour, gender, gender identity, gender expression, physical disability, mental disability, age, ancestry, place of origin, marital status, source of income, family status or sexual orientation,
(b) to promote awareness and appreciation of and respect for the multicultural heritage of Alberta society,
(c) to promote an environment in which all Albertans can participate in and contribute to the cultural, social, economic and political life of Alberta,
(d) to encourage all sectors of Alberta society to provide equality of opportunity,
(e) to research, develop and conduct educational programs designed to eliminate discriminatory practices related to race, religious beliefs, colour, gender, gender identity, gender expression, physical disability, mental disability, age, ancestry, place of origin, marital status, source of income, family status or sexual orientation,
(f) to promote an understanding of, acceptance of an compliance with this Act,
(g) to encourage and coordinate both public and private human rights programs and activities, and
(h) to advise the Minister on matters related to this Act.

Members and leadership

The Commission is headed by the Chief of the Commission and Tribunals, who is tasked with informing Alberta's Minister of Justice of human rights issues, as well as providing guidance to Members of the Commission regarding such functions as their tribunal hearings, and to the Director of the Commission regarding the overall objective of the Commission. Section 15 of the Alberta Human Rights Act provides that the Chief and members of the Commission are appointed by the Lieutenant Governor in Council.

The current Chief of the Commission and Tribunals is Kathryn Oviatt, K.C., who was appointed in November 2022. Prior to October 2009, the position was simply referred to as the Chief Commissioner. Previous chiefs include:

Dr. Evaristus A. Oshionebo – September 2022 – November 2022
Collin May – July 2022 – September 2022
Kathryn Oviatt, K.C. – January 2022 – July 2022
Michael Gottheil – August 2018 – January 2022
William D. McFetridge (acting) – August 2017 – August 2018
Robert A. Philp – July 1, 2014 – June 30, 2017
David Blair Mason – 2009–2014
Brenda F. Scragg (acting) – 2008–2009
Charlach Mackintosh – 1994–2008
Jack O'Neil – 1993–1994
Fil B. Fraser – 1989–1992
Stan Scudder – 1986–1989
Marlene Antonio – 1981–1986
Bob Lundrigan – 1979–1981
Max Wyman – 1973–1979

As of October 2023, Members of the Commission are:

Nduka Ahanonu
Sandra Badejo
Faraz Bawa
Doris Bonora, K.C.
Cynthia Dickins, K.C.
Jessica Gill
Teresa Haykowsky
Duncan Marsden, K.C.
Ali Memon
D. Jean Munn, K.C.
Evaristus Oshionebo
Erika Ringseis
Karen Scott
Wilma Shim
Salimah Walji-Shivji, K.C.
Nathalie Whyte

Indigenous Advisory Circle

The Alberta Human Rights Commission established an Indigenous Advisory Circle in August 2021 to assist the Commission with the implementation of its Indigenous Human Rights Strategy. The Circle provides advice and guidance on best practices, community engagement, and priority actions.

The Circle is composed of 12 Indigenous individuals from across the province. Members are chosen through an open competition process. In selecting Circle members, the Commission strives to include people with diverse experience and expertise (including women, 2SLGBTQ+ individuals, and persons with disabilities) from multiple cultural backgrounds. The Commission also strives to ensure the Circle includes both urban and rural perspectives.

Tribunal

The quasi-judicial Tribunal office is the independent adjudicative arm of the Alberta Human Rights Commission. Members of the Commission (who serve on human rights tribunals) are neither employees of the Government of Alberta or the Commission; they are private citizens appointed by the Lieutenant Governor in Council.

Controversial decisions

Mihaly v The Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of Alberta

Since 1999, Ladislav Mihaly, who trained as an engineer in Czechoslovakia in the 1970s, has sought accreditation as an engineer in Alberta, but the Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of Alberta (APEGA) said that he did not meet its requirements. He refused to submit to any of the technical examinations but did take a required ethics examination—and failed it, twice. Almost a quarter of Alberta's engineers are immigrants who submitted to the same examinations that Mihaly refused or failed. In 2008, he took his case to the Alberta Human Rights Commission, which ruled in February 2014 that APEGA must pay Mihaly $10,000, provide him with a personal mentor and form a committee to re-evaluate his credentials. APEGA successfully appealed the decision.

Lund v Boissoin

Main article: Lund v Boissoin

On July 18, 2002, Dr. Darren Lund, a professor at the University of Calgary, filed a complaint with the Alberta Human Rights Commission against Reverend Stephen Boissoin and the Concerned Christian Coalition.

Boisson had letter published in the Red Deer Advocate that stated, "Where homosexuality flourishes, all manner of wickedness abounds" and "Homosexual rights activists and those that defend them, are just as immoral as the pedophiles, drug dealers and pimps that plague our communities." Lund's complaint alleged that Boisson's letter constituted discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, as prohibited by Alberta's Human Rights, Citizenship and Multiculturalism Act.

A one-member Alberta Human Rights Panel accepted Lund's arguments that the letter was "likely to expose homosexuals to hatred and/or contempt." The Canadian Civil Liberties Association intervened in the case, condemning the views expressed in the letter but arguing they should not be subject to legal sanction.

On May 30, 2008, the Alberta Human Rights Panel ordered Boissoin and the Concerned Christian Coalition to refrain from publishing future disparaging remarks about homosexuals and provide Lund with a written apology and in $5,000 damages.

On December 3, 2009, the Court of Queen's Bench of Alberta overturned the decision of the Alberta Human Rights Panel. The Court found that the contents of the letter did not violate the Alberta Human Rights Act, and that the remedies that had been imposed were either unlawful or unconstitutional. The Court also identified "troubling aspects of the process leading to the decision of the Panel," including the inclusion of the Concerned Christian Coalition as a respondent. In October 2012, the Court of Appeal of Alberta upheld the decision and agreed with the lower court that Boissoin's letter was "a polemic on a matter of public interest and does not qualify as reaching the extreme limits... to expose persons to hatred or contempt," within the meaning of the Alberta Human Rights Act.

References

"Ministry of Justice Annual Report (2022-23)" (PDF). p. 41. Retrieved October 8, 2023.
^ "About Us". Alberta Human Rights Commission. October 24, 2012. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
"Human Rights in Alberta". Alberta Civil Liberties Research Centre. Retrieved April 25, 2021.
^ "Overview". Alberta Human Rights Commission. Retrieved April 25, 2021.
"Roles". Alberta Human Rights Commission. Retrieved April 25, 2021.
^ "Biographies of Members of the Commission". Alberta Human Rights Commission. November 24, 2022. Retrieved November 25, 2022.
"Listing of Chiefs of the Commission and Tribunals". Alberta Human Rights Commission. November 24, 2022. Retrieved November 25, 2022.
"Message from Michael Gottheil, Chief of the Commission and Tribunals, Alberta Human Rights Commission". Alberta Human Rights Commission. March 18, 2021. Retrieved April 24, 2021.
"Tribunal". Alberta Human Rights Commission. Retrieved April 25, 2021.
"Mihaly v. The Association of Professional Engineers, Geologists and Geophysicists of Alberta, 2014 AHRC 1". CANLII. February 6, 2014. Archived from the original on May 6, 2015. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
"APEGA's Appeal of Mihaly Decision Succeeds" (Press release). APEGA. January 27, 2016. Retrieved June 23, 2016.
^ "CanLII - 2009 ABQB 592 (CanLII)". archive.is. January 15, 2013. Archived from the original on January 15, 2013. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
Lund v. Boisson, 2007 AHRC 11 (CanLII).
"CanLII - 2008 AHRC 6 (CanLII)". archive.is. July 7, 2012. Archived from the original on July 7, 2012. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
"Stephen Boissoin back in court over anti-gay letter - Latest News Roundup". Archived from the original on March 6, 2013. Retrieved November 28, 2015.
"CanLII - 2012 ABCA 300 (CanLII)". archive.is. February 19, 2013. Archived from the original on February 19, 2013. Retrieved June 4, 2019.

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