Human settlement in England
| Aldborough | |
|---|---|
 Aldborough village green | |
.svg)  AldboroughLocation within North Yorkshire | |
| OS grid reference | SE405662 |
| Civil parish | |
| Unitary authority | |
| Ceremonial county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | YORK |
| Postcode district | YO51 |
| Dialling code | 01423 |
| Police | North Yorkshire |
| Fire | North Yorkshire |
| Ambulance | Yorkshire |
| UK Parliament | |
| 54°05′28″N 1°22′50″W / 54.09111°N 1.38056°W / 54.09111; -1.38056 | |
Aldborough is a village 7 miles (11 km) in the civil parish of Boroughbridge, to the north-east of Knaresborough, in North Yorkshire, England.
Historically a part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, Aldborough was built on the site of a major Romano-British town, Isurium Brigantum. The Brigantes, the most populous Celtic tribe in the area at the time of the Roman occupation of Britain, used the settlement as a capital. Isurium may also have been the base of the Roman Legio VIIII Hispana.
Archaeology
Main article: Isurium BrigantumAldborough was built on the site of a major Roman town, Isurium Brigantum, which marked the crossing of Dere Street, the Roman Road from York north to the Antonine Wall via Corbridge and Hadrian's Wall. Isurium Brigantum, after AD160, was the administrative centre of the Brigantes (and around about the centre of two ridings and York's land that the Brigantes originally covered), the most populous British tribe in the area at the time of the Roman occupation. Traces of comfortable houses have been found, with many potsherds, coins and bronze, iron and other objects, and a large part of the town walls can be seen. The Aldborough Roman Site museum, run by English Heritage, contains relics of the Roman town, including mosaic pavements.
Currently an extensive project is in progress directed by Rose Ferraby and Martin Millett, which has undertaken extensive geophysical surveys, not only of the town and also the suburbs. These have revealed the regular layout of the town, showing the presence of a military compound and confirming the position of the forum and amphitheatre.
History
Aldborough was mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086 as Burgh (Old English burh 'ancient fortification'). By 1145 the prefix ald (old) had been added.
Aldborough lost much of its importance when the river crossing was moved to Boroughbridge in Norman times. In the Middle Ages it was made a Parliamentary Borough, and returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) until the seat was abolished in the Great Reform Act of 1832.
Aldborough was a large ancient parish, which included townships in both the West Riding of Yorkshire and across the River Ure in the North Riding. In the West Riding the parish included Aldborough, Boroughbridge, Lower Dunsforth, Minskip, Roecliffe and Upper Dunsforth. In the North Riding the parish included Ellenthorpe and Milby. All these places became separate civil parishes in 1866.
Aldborough Hall was built in the early 17th century and is a grade II* listed building. In 1852, the Battle Cross, commemorating the Battle of Boroughbridge, was relocated to the village.
In 1931 the parish had a population of 543. On 1 April 1938 the civil parish of Aldborough was abolished and merged into the civil parish of Boroughbridge. In 1974 Aldborough was transferred from the West Riding to the new county of North Yorkshire.
Notable people
- Rose Ferraby, artist and archaeologist.
- Richard Aldborough, politician from the 1600s.
- Marion Paton, codebreaker at Bletchley Park.
See also
References
- AA Book of British Villages. Drive Publications Limited. 1980. p. 16. ISBN 9780340254875.
- ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Aldborough" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 530–531.
- Current Archaeology 312, March 2016
- Smith, A. H. (1961). The Place-names of the West Riding of Yorkshire. Vol. 5. Cambridge University Press. p. 80.
- GENUKI website. Yorkshire West Riding: Aldborough Parish
- The ancient parish of Aldborough: historical and genealogical information at GENUKI.
- Historic England. "Aldborough Hall (1315502)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
- Historic England. "Village Cross (1150095)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
- "Population statistics Aldborough AP/CP through time". A Vision of Britain through Time. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
- "Relationships and changes Aldborough AP/CP through time". A Vision of Britain through Time. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
- "Meet five extraordinary women who helped make York the city it is". York Press. 8 October 2021. Retrieved 9 March 2022.