| Alder Group | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: 1720–1700 Ma Pha. Proterozoic Archean Had. | |
| Type | Group |
| Unit of | Tonto Basin Supergroup |
| Sub-units | Board Canyon Formation Houdon Formation Flying W Formation Breadpan Formation |
| Underlies | Red Rock Group |
| Overlies | East Verde River Formation |
| Thickness | 3,000 meters (9,800 ft) |
| Lithology | |
| Primary | metasedimentary rock, metavolcanic rock |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 33°36′N 111°19′W / 33.60°N 111.32°W / 33.60; -111.32 |
| Region | Arizona |
| Country | United States |
| Type section | |
| Named for | Alder Creek, Arizona |
| Named by | E.D. Wilson |
| Year defined | 1939 |
  Alder Group (the United States)Show map of the United States Alder Group (Arizona)Show map of Arizona | |
The Alder Group is a group of geologic formations exposed in the Mazatzal Mountains of central Arizona, US. It dates to the Statherian Period of the Paleoproterozoic and records mountain-building events associated with the assembly of North America.
Description
The formation consists of about 3,000 feet (910 m) of metavolcanic and metasedimentary rock exposed in the Mazatzal Mountains. The formation is underlain by the East Verde River Formation and overlain by the Red Rock Group. Together with the younger Mazatzal Group, these groups form the Tonto Basin Supergroup. The formation is mostly volcanic and volcaniclastic sedimentary rock, but with some sedimentary beds formed by weathering of continental rock (terrigenous beds). All have experienced metamorphism. The Alder Group is interpreted as basin fill of an intra-arc basin that formed along what was then the southern coast of Laurentia, the ancient core of North America.
Formations
The formation is divided (in ascending stratigraphic order) into the Breadpan, Flying W, Houdon, and Board Cabin Formations. The Breadpan and Houdon Formations are primarily metasedimentary rock, while the Flying W and Board Cabin Formations are primarily metavolcanic rock.
History of investigation
The unit was first designated as the Alder sedimentary series by D.H. Wilson in 1939, for exposures near Alder Creek in the Mazatzal Mountains. Wilson originally assigned the unit to the Yavapai Group and believed the beds had been metamorphosed in a single "Mazatzal Revolution". In 1958, C.A. Anderson and S.C. Creasey mapped the unit into the Jerome, Arizona, area, raised it to group rank, and divided it into six formations. That same year, Gordon Castil redesignated the unit as a formation and divided the unit in its original area in the Mazatzal Mountains into three unnamed members.
In 1971, Anderson and coinvestigators refined the definition of the group, restricting it to the Mazatzal Mountains and reassigning the beds in the Jerome area to the Big Bug Group.
In 1993, Karl Karlstrom and S.A. Bowring divided the Alder Group into the Breadpan, Flying W, Houdon, and Board Cabin Formations.
References
- ^ Cox, Rónadh; Martin, Mark W.; Comstock, Jana C.; Dickerson, Laura S.; Ekstrom, Ingrid L.; Sammons, James H. (1 December 2002). "Sedimentology, stratigraphy, and geochronology of the Proterozoic Mazatzal Group, central Arizona". GSA Bulletin. 114 (12): 1535–1549. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(2002)114<1535:SSAGOT>2.0.CO;2.
- ^ Anderson, C.A.; Blacet, P.M.; Silver, L.T.; Stern, T.W. (1971). "Revision of Precambrian stratigraphy in the Prescott-Jerome area, Yavapai County, Arizona". U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin. 1324-C. doi:10.3133/b1324C.
- Wilson, E. D. (1 July 1939). "Pre-Cambrian Mazatzal Revolution in central Arizona". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 50 (7): 1113–1164. doi:10.1130/GSAB-50-1113. hdl:10150/629185.
- Anderson, C.A.; Creasey, S.C. (1958). "Geology and ore deposits of the Jerome area, Yavapai County, Arizona". U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper. 308. doi:10.3133/pp308.
- Gastil, Gordon (1958). "Older Precambrian rocks of the Diamond Butte Quadrangle, Gila County, Arizona". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 69 (12): 1495. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1958)69[1495:OPROTD]2.0.CO;2.
- Karlstrom, K.E.; Bowring, S.A. (1993). "Proterozoic orogenic history of Arizona". In Reed, J.C.J.; Bickford, M.E.; Houston, R.S.; Link, P.K.; Rankin, D.W.; Sims, P.K.; Van Schmus, W.R. (eds.). Precambrian: Conterminous U.S. Geology of North America. Vol. C-2. Boulder, Colorado: Geological Society of America. pp. 188–211.