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Alfredo E. Rodríguez is an Argentine interventional cardiologist, clinical researcher, and author. He is the Chief of Interventional Cardiology Service at Otamendi Hospital and Director and Founder of the Cardiovascular Research Center (CECI) a non -profit Research Organization in Buenos Aires Argentina.

Rodríguez has conducted research in the field of cardiology with a particular focus on coronary angioplasty bypass surgeries, myocardial infarction, diabetes, and hemodynamics. He is the author of several books, including Coronary Transluminal Angioplasty and Controversies in Cardiology and has been the recipient of the Rafael Bullrich Award and the Geronimo H. Alvarez Prize.

Rodriguze is an Academic Editor of Academia Medicine Journal and the Editor in Chief of Argentina Journal of Cardiovascular Interventions.

Education

Rodríguez received his medical degree from Córdoba National University, School of Medicine in 1974, and completed his residency in the Cardiology Department at Hospital Privado Sanatorio Güemes. He then completed his PhD in Coronary Angioplasty and Intracoronary Thrombolysis from Córdoba Catholic University. Following his PhD, he focused on Hemodynamics and Angiography and received an MD from the Argentine Collegium of Hemodynamics.

Career

In 1981, Rodriguez had training in coronary angioplasty for a short period of 3 months at the San Francisco Heart Institute led by Richard K Myler. Rodríguez is the former assistant director and Chief of Interventional Cardiology Service at Hospital Privado Sanatorio Güemes and Interventional Cardiology Service at Sanatorio Anchorena. He also held an appointment as the Director of Post Graduate Medical School at the Buenos Aires University School of Medicine at the Sanatorio Otamendi Unit. Additionally, he founded and currently serves as the Director of the Cardiovascular Research Center (CECI) in Buenos Aires, a non-profit Clinical Research Organization and is the Chief of the Interventional Cardiology Service at Otamnedi Hospital in Buenos Aires and in Sanatorio Las Lomas in San Isidro.

Research

Rodríguez is known for his clinical research in the area of cardiology, with an interest in interventional cardiology including coronary restenosis as well as myocardial infarction and diabetes. He has published several manuscripts.

Interventional cardiology

Throughout his research career, Rodríguez has worked on comprehending the efficacy of percutaneous coronary interventions in patients with multivessel disease by comparing it with the coronary artery bypass technique. Additionally, he reported that transluminal coronary angioplasty treatment had no significant in-hospital complications but a lower efficacy rate when compared to coronary artery bypass in patients with multiple vessel disease, called ERACI I and II trials He conducted multiple randomized clinical trials between 1993 and 2005, including those in 1993, 1995, 1997, 2001, and 2005, to elucidate the aftereffects of interventional treatments among cardiac patients. He was the first to describe the role of acute wall recoil in the pathophysiology of coronary balloon angioplasty and the prevention of this phenomenon with bare metal stent implantation.

During his work on myocardial infarction, Rodríguez evaluated the efficacy of several angioplasty approaches, including tirofiban and abciximab infusion, as well as the implantation of both Sirolimus-Eluting and uncoated stents. In 1998, he published the first randomized trial comparing balloon angioplasty with stents in acute myocardial infarction, known as the GRAMI trial, in the American Journal of Cardiology. He suggested the use of rheolytic thrombectomy prior to stenting of the infarct artery in patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction and exhibiting evidence of coronary thrombus. Additionally, he presented the consideration of Abciximab plus IRA as the routine reperfusion strategy in patients with percutaneous mechanical revascularization. During the early 2000s, he examined the problem of DES (drug-eluting stents) late stent thrombosis, and reported on a trial related to this issue in 2006 in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, as well as in European Heart Journal and Euro Intervention in 2007. In 2006, he also conducted a randomized trial that demonstrated the benefits of using oral immunosuppressive drugs to prevent restenosis following bare metal stent implantation. Later in 2023, he conducted research on the issue of non-cardiac death and cancer, and proposed the limited use of drug-eluting stent transplantation according to patient's age, lesion complexity, and life expectancy.

In his book, Controversies in Cardiology, Rodríguez has discussed topics that are characterized by ambiguity, ongoing discussions, or a lack of agreement according to existing guidelines. He has highlighted three main areas i.e., cardiovascular risks, its diagnosis, and management. Jorge Lerman commended this book for its ability to explore controversial topics that have not been widely discussed and provide a comprehensive analysis of each subject. He further added that "This innovative format constitutes an attractive incentive for the reader who is interested in learning about the advances in cardiovascular science."

Diabetes and cardiac care

In addition to his work comparing angioplasty approaches and coronary artery bypass, as an interventional cardiologist, Rodríguez has also studied the impact of diabetes on the mortality and efficacy of heart surgeries among diabetic patients. He proposed that using a coronary PC coated stent during the percutaneous intervention in diabetic patients with small coronary arteries has the ability to provide improved angiographic outcomes. Additionally, he noted that the use of paclitaxel-eluting balloons followed by bare-metal stents in treating diabetic patients showed a notably favorable result compared to treating them with a single bare-metal stent. His research further elucidated that a coronary artery bypass graft is a better option than percutaneous coronary intervention as it decreases the risk of mortality and other major cardiovascular issues in nondiabetic patients.

Awards and honors

• 1996, 2007 and 2015 – Best abstract, Latin America Society of Cardiology (SOLACI)
• 1981 – Rafael Bullrich Award, National Academy of Medicine
• 1993 – Award for Best Work on Cardiology, Argentine Foundation of Cardiology
• 1995 – Award for best work in Interventional Cardiology, Roberto Villavicencio Foundation
• 2001 – Geronimo H. Alvarez, National Academy of Medicine
• 2005 – Best Abstract, European Congress of Cardiology
• 2018 – Outstanding personality of the autonomous city of Buenos Aires in the field of Medical Sciences, Buenos Aires House of Representatives

Bibliography

Selected books

• Therapeutics by catheterization in ischemic cardiopathy (Transluminal Angioplasty – Coronary Thrombolysis)
• Coronary Transluminal Angioplasty
• Up-to-date tendencies in Cardiology
• Controversies in Cardiology

Selected articles

• Rodríguez, A., Bernardi, V., Navia, J., Baldi, J., Grinfeld, L., Martinez, J., ... & ERACI II Investigators. (2001). Argentine randomized study: coronary angioplasty with stenting versus coronary bypass surgery in patients with multiple-vessel disease (ERACI II): 30-day and one-year follow-up results. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 37(1), 51–58.
• Antoniucci, D., Rodríguez, A., & Hempelet, A. (2004). A randomized trial comparing primary infarct artery stenting with or without abciximab in acute myocardial infarction. ACC Current Journal Review, 3(13), 50.
• Rodríguez, A. E., Mieres, J., Fernandez-Pereira, C., Vigo, C. F., Rodríguez-Alemparte, M., Berrocal, D., ... & Palacios, I. (2006). Coronary stent thrombosis in the current drug-eluting stent era: insights from the ERACI III trial. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 47(1), 205–207.
• Rodríguez-Granillo, D. S., Raizner, A. E., Palacios, I., Vigo, W., Delgado, J., Fernandez-Pereira, C., ... & Alfredo, M. Oral Rapamycin After Coronary Bare-Metal Stent Implantation to Prevent.
• Rodríguez, A. E., Rodríguez-Granillo, G. A., & Palacios, I. F. (2007). Late stent thrombosis: the Damocles sword of drug eluting stents. Eurointervention, 2, 512–7.
• Rodríguez, A. E., Maree, A. O., Mieres, J., Berrocal, D., Grinfeld, L., Fernandez-Pereira, C., ... & Palacios, I. F. (2007). Late loss of early benefit from drug-eluting stents when compared with bare-metal stents and coronary artery bypass surgery: 3 years follow-up of the ERACI III registry. European heart journal, 28(17), 2118–2125.
• Hlatky, M. A., Boothroyd, D. B., Bravata, D. M., Boersma, E., Booth, J., Brooks, M. M., ... & Pocock, S. J. (2009). Coronary artery bypass surgery compared with percutaneous coronary interventions for multivessel disease: a collaborative analysis of individual patient data from ten randomised trials. The Lancet, 373(9670), 1190–1197.
• Rodríguez, A. E., Palacios, I., Rodríguez-Granillo, A. M., Mieres, J. R., Tarragona, S., Fernandez-Pereira, C., ... & Antoniucci, D. (2014). Comparison of cost-effectiveness of oral rapamycin plus bare-metal stents versus first generation of drug-eluting stents (from the Randomized Oral Rapamycin in Argentina 3 trial). The American Journal of Cardiology, 113(5), 815–821.
• Head, S. J., Milojevic, M., Daemen, J., Ahn, J. M., Boersma, E., Christiansen, E. H., ... & Kappetein, A. P. (2018). Mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting versus percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting for coronary artery disease: a pooled analysis of individual patient data. The Lancet, 391(10124), 939–948..
• De Luca, G., Algowhary, M., Uguz, B., Oliveira, D. C., Ganyukov, V., Busljetik, O., ... & Verdoia, M. (2023). Age-Related Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mechanical Reperfusion and 30-Day Mortality for STEMI: Results of the ISACS-STEMI COVID-19 Registry. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(6), 2116.
• Rodríguez, A. E., Fernandez-Pereira, C., Mieres, J. R., & Rodríguez-Granillo, A. M. (2023). High Non-Cardiac Death Incidence Should Be a Limitation of Drug-Eluting Stents Implantation? Insights from Recent Randomized Data. Diagnostics, 13(7), 1321

References

1. "Controversies in Cardiology – Book Review" (PDF).
2. ^ "Alfredo E Rodríguez | Resultados de la búsqueda | Centro CECI".
3. "Revista Argentina de Cardioangiología Intervencionista". www.revistacaci.org.ar.
4. "Centro de Estudios en Cardiología Intervencionista | Buenos Aires, Argentina | CECI".
5. ^ Daemen, Joost; Boersma, Eric; Flather, Marcus; Booth, Jean; Stables, Rod; Rodríguez, Alfredo; Rodríguez-Granillo, Gaston; Hueb, Whady A.; Lemos, Pedro A.; Serruys, Patrick W. (September 9, 2008). "Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Stenting and Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease: A Meta-Analysis With 5-Year Patient-Level Data From the ARTS, ERACI-II, MASS-II, and SoS Trials". Circulation. 118 (11): 1146–1154. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.752147. PMID 18725490. S2CID 13532979.
6. ^ Rodríguez, Alfredo; Bernardi, Victor; Navia, Jose; Baldi, Julio; Grinfeld, Liliana; Martinez, Jorge; Vogel, Daniel; Grinfeld, Roberto; Delacasa, Alejandro; Garrido, Marcelo; Oliveri, Raul; Mele, Eduardo; Palacios, Igor; O’Neill, William (January 20, 2001). "Argentine randomized study: coronary angioplasty with stenting versus coronary bypass surgery in patients with multiple-vessel disease (ERACI II): 30-day and one-year follow-up results". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 37 (1): 51–58. doi:10.1016/S0735-1097(00)01052-4. PMID 11153772.
7. Hlatky, Mark A; Boothroyd, Derek B; Bravata, Dena M; Boersma, Eric; Booth, Jean; Brooks, Maria M; Carrié, Didier; Clayton, Tim C; Danchin, Nicolas; Flather, Marcus; Hamm, Christian W; Hueb, Whady A; Kähler, Jan; Kelsey, Sheryl F; King, Spencer B; Kosinski, Andrzej S; Lopes, Neuza; McDonald, Kathryn M; Rodríguez, Alfredo; Serruys, Patrick; Sigwart, Ulrich; Stables, Rodney H; Owens, Douglas K; Pocock, Stuart J (April 4, 2009). "Coronary artery bypass surgery compared with percutaneous coronary interventions for multivessel disease: a collaborative analysis of individual patient data from ten randomised trials". The Lancet. 373 (9670): 1190–1197. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60552-3. PMID 19303634. S2CID 2911429 – via ScienceDirect.
8. Pocock, S. J; Henderson, R. A; Rickards, A. F; Hampton, J. R; King, S. B; Hamm, C. W; Puel, J; Hueb, W; Goy, J-J; Rodríguez, A (November 4, 1995). "Meta-analysis of randomised trials comparing coronary angioplasty with bypass surgery". The Lancet. 346 (8984): 1184–1189. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(95)92897-9. PMID 7475657. S2CID 22757316.
9. Rodríguez, Alfredo; Boullon, Fernando; Perez-Baliño, Nestor; Paviotti, Claudia; Liprandi, Maria I. Sosa; Palacios, Igor F. (October 1, 1993). "Argentine randomized trial of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty versus coronary artery bypass surgery in multivessel disease (ERACI): In-hospital results and 1-year follow-up". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 22 (4): 1060–1067. doi:10.1016/0735-1097(93)90416-X. PMID 8409041.
10. Rodríguez, Alfredo; Mele, Eduardo; Peyregne, Ernesto; Bullon, Fernando; Perez-Baliño, Nestor; Sosa Liprandi, Maria I.; Palacios, Igor F. (April 1, 1996). "Three-year follow-up of the argentine randomized trial of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty versus coronary artery bypass surgery in multivessel disease (ERACI)". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 27 (5): 1178–1184. doi:10.1016/0735-1097(95)00592-7. PMID 8609339. S2CID 33030141 – via ScienceDirect.
11. Rodriguez, Alfredo E.; Baldi, Julio; Pereira, Carlos Fernández; Navia, Jose; Alemparte, Máximo Rodriguez; Delacasa, Alejandro; Vigo, Federico; Vogel, Daniel; O'Neill, William; Palacios, Igor F.; ERACI II Investigators (August 16, 2005). "Five-year follow-up of the Argentine randomized trial of coronary angioplasty with stenting versus coronary bypass surgery in patients with multiple vessel disease (ERACI II)". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 46 (4): 582–588. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2004.12.081. PMID 16098419.
12. Rodríguez, A.; Boullon, F.; Perez-Baliño, N.; Paviotti, C.; Liprandi, M. I.; Palacios, I. F. (October 20, 1993). "Argentine randomized trial of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty versus coronary artery bypass surgery in multivessel disease (ERACI): in-hospital results and 1-year follow-up. ERACI Group". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 22 (4): 1060–1067. doi:10.1016/0735-1097(93)90416-x. PMID 8409041.
13. Rodríguez, Alfredo; Ayala, Francisco; Bernardi, Victor; Santaera, Omar; Marchand, Eugenio; Pardiñas, Cesar; Mauvecin, Carlos; Vogel, Daniel; Harrell, Lari C; Palacios, Igor F (November 20, 1998). "Optimal coronary balloon angioplasty with provisional stenting versus primary stent (OCBAS)". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 32 (5): 1351–1357. doi:10.1016/S0735-1097(98)00388-X. PMID 9809947.
14. Valgimigli, Marco; Campo, Gianluca; Percoco, Gianfranco; Bolognese, Leonardo; Vassanelli, Corrado; Colangelo, Salvatore; de Cesare, Nicoletta; Rodríguez, Alfredo E.; Ferrario, Maurizio; Moreno, Raul; Piva, Tommaso; Sheiban, Imad; Pasquetto, Giampaolo; Prati, Francesco; Nazzaro, Marco S.; Parrinello, Giovanni; Ferrari, Roberto; Multicentre Evaluation of Single High-Dose Bolus Tirofiban vs Abciximab With Sirolimus-Eluting Stent or Bare Metal Stent in Acute Myocardial Infarction Study (MULTISTRATEGY) Investigators, for the (April 16, 2008). "Comparison of Angioplasty With Infusion of Tirofiban or Abciximab and With Implantation of Sirolimus-Eluting or Uncoated Stents for Acute Myocardial Infarction: The MULTISTRATEGY Randomized Trial". JAMA. 299 (15): 1788–1799. doi:10.1001/jama.299.15.joc80026. PMID 18375998 – via Silverchair.
15. Rodrı́guez, Alfredo; Bernardi, Victor; Fernández, Mario; Mauvecı́n, Carlos; Ayala, Francisco; Santaera, Omar; Martı́nez, Jorge; Mele, Eduardo; Roubin, GaryS; Palacios, Igor; Ambrose, JohnA (June 1, 1998). "In-Hospital and Late Results of Coronary Stents Versus Conventional Balloon Angioplasty in Acute Myocardial Infarction (GRAMI trial)". The American Journal of Cardiology. 81 (11): 1286–1291. doi:10.1016/S0002-9149(98)00154-4. PMID 9631964 – via ScienceDirect.
16. Migliorini, Angela; Stabile, Amerigo; Rodríguez, Alfredo E.; Gandolfo, Caterina; Rodríguez Granillo, Alfredo M.; Valenti, Renato; Parodi, Guido; Neumann, Franz-Josef; Colombo, Antonio; Antoniucci, David (October 20, 2010). "Comparison of AngioJet Rheolytic Thrombectomy Before Direct Infarct Artery Stenting With Direct Stenting Alone in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 56 (16): 1298–1306. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2010.06.011. PMID 20691553.
17. Antoniucci, David; Rodríguez, Alfredo; Hempel, Albrecht; Valenti, Renato; Migliorini, Angela; Vigo, Federico; Parodi, Guido; Fernandez-Pereira, Carlos; Moschi, Guia; Bartorelli, Antonio; Santoro, Giovanni Maria; Bolognese, Leonardo; Colombo, Antonio (December 20, 2003). "A randomized trial comparing primary infarct artery stenting with or without abciximab in acute myocardial infarction". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 42 (11): 1879–1885. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2003.07.017. PMID 14662245.
18. Antoniucci, David; Migliorini, Angela; Parodi, Guido; Valenti, Renato; Rodriguez, Alfredo; Hempel, Albrecht; Memisha, Gentian; Santoro, Giovanni Maria (April 13, 2004). "Abciximab-Supported Infarct Artery Stent Implantation for Acute Myocardial Infarction and Long-Term Survival: A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized Trial Comparing Infarct Artery Stenting Plus Abciximab With Stenting Alone". Circulation. 109 (14): 1704–1706. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000126284.40075.98. PMID 15066943. S2CID 379325.
19. "Late stent thrombosis: the Damocle's sword of drug eluting stents?".
20. Rodriguez, A. E.; Granada, J. F.; Rodriguez-Alemparte, M.; Vigo, C. F.; Delgado, J.; Fernandez-Pereira, C.; Pocovi, A.; Rodriguez-Granillo, A. M.; Schulz, D.; Raizner, A. E.; Palacios, I.; O'Neill, W.; Kaluza, G. L.; Stone, G.; ORAR II Investigators (April 18, 2006). "Oral rapamycin after coronary bare-metal stent implantation to prevent restenosis: the Prospective, Randomized Oral Rapamycin in Argentina (ORAR II) Study". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 47 (8): 1522–1529. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2005.12.052. PMID 16630986 – via PubMed.
21. Rodríguez, Alfredo E.; Fernandez-Pereira, Carlos; Mieres, Juan Ramon; Rodríguez-Granillo, Alfredo Matias (January 20, 2023). "High Non-Cardiac Death Incidence Should Be a Limitation of Drug-Eluting Stents Implantation? Insights from Recent Randomized Data". Diagnostics. 13 (7): 1321. doi:10.3390/diagnostics13071321. PMC 10093159. PMID 37046540.
22. "Controversies in Cardiology" (PDF).
23. Dangas, George D.; Farkouh, Michael E.; Sleeper, Lynn A.; Yang, May; Schoos, Mikkel M.; Macaya, Carlos; Abizaid, Alexandre; Buller, Christopher E.; Devlin, Gerard; Rodríguez, Alfredo E.; Lansky, Alexandra J.; Siami, F. Sandra; Domanski, Michael; Fuster, Valentin (September 20, 2014). "Long-Term Outcome of PCI Versus CABG in Insulin and Non–Insulin-Treated Diabetic Patients". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 64 (12): 1189–1197. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2014.06.1182. PMID 25236509. S2CID 205564562.
24. Waksman, Ron; Serra, Antonio; Loh, Joshua P.; Malik, Fazila Tun-Nesa; Torguson, Rebecca; Stahnke, Stefanie; von Strandmann, Rembert Pogge; Rodriguez, Alfredo E. (September 8, 2013). "Drug-coated balloons for de novo coronary lesions: results from the Valentines II trial". EuroIntervention: Journal of EuroPCR in Collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 9 (5): 613–619. doi:10.4244/EIJV9I5A98. PMID 24058077 – via PubMed.
25. Mieres, Juan; Fernandez-Pereira, Carlos; Risau, Gustavo; Solorzano, Leonardo; Pauletto, Ricardo; Rodríguez-Granillo, Alfredo Matias; Rubilar, Bibiana; Stella, Pieter; Rodríguez, Alfredo E. (September 1, 2012). "One-year outcome of patients with diabetes mellitus after percutaneous coronary intervention with three different revascularization strategies: Results from the DiabEtic Argentina Registry (DEAR)". Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine. 13 (5): 265–271. doi:10.1016/j.carrev.2012.06.001. PMID 22796496 – via ScienceDirect.
26. Dangas, G. D.; Farkouh, M. E.; Sleeper, L. A.; Yang, M.; Schoos, M. M.; MacAya, C.; Abizaid, A.; Buller, C. E.; Devlin, G.; Rodriguez, A. E.; Lansky, A. J.; Siami, F. S.; Domanski, M.; Fuster, V.; FREEDOM Investigators (September 23, 2014). "Long-term outcome of PCI versus CABG in insulin and non-insulin-treated diabetic patients: results from the FREEDOM trial". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 64 (12): 1189–1197. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2014.06.1182. PMID 25236509. S2CID 205564562.

• Argentine cardiologists
• National University of Córdoba alumni
• Living people
• Interventional cardiology