Alpes Maritimae - Misplaced Pages

Roman province Not to be confused with Alpes-Maritimes, the modern département of France.

Province of Alpes MaritimaeProvincia Alpes Maritimæ

Province of the Roman Empire

63 AD–476

The Roman Empire c. 125 AD, with the province of Alpes Maritimae highlighted.

Capital

Cemenelum (63 AD – 297 AD)
Ebrodunum (from 297 AD)

Historical era

Antiquity

• Established by Nero

63 AD

• Disestablished

476

Succeeded by

Kingdom of Italy (476-493)

Today part of

France Monaco

The Alpes Maritimae (Latin pronunciation: [ˈaɫpeːs maˈrɪtɪmae̯]; English: 'Maritime Alps') was a small province of the Roman Empire founded in 63 AD by Nero. It was one of the three provinces straddling the Alps between modern France and Italy, along with the Alpes Graiae et Poeninae and Alpes Cottiae. The Alpes Maritimae included parts of the present-day French departments of Alpes-Maritimes (in which the name survives), Alpes-de-Haute-Provence and Hautes-Alpes.

The capital of the province was Cemenelum (modern Cimiez, a neighbourhood of Nice), until it was replaced by Eburodunum (modern Embrun) during the reign of Diocletian (284–305).

History

Following the subjugation of the local Ligurian tribes in the summer of 14 BC, the region was ruled by a praefectus civitatium, then was given Latin Rights in 63 AD and placed under the administration of a procurator. Cemenelum (modern Cimiez), the chief town of the Vediantii, became the capital of the new province.

Under Diocletian (284–305), the province was extended via the incorporation of parts of Gallia Narbonensis and Alpes Cottiae, and was allocated to the praefectura Galliarum (Diocese of Vienne). The capital was transferred to Eburodunum (modern Embrun), which had been part of the Alpes Cottiae until that time.

Settlements

Major settlements within the province included:

Cemenelum (Cimiez)
Nicaea (Nice)
Antipolis (Antibes)
Portus Herculis Monoeci (Monaco)
Salinae (Castellane)
Sanitium (Senez)
Vintium (Vence)

After 297 the province was expanded to include:

Ebrodunum (Embrun)
Brigantio (Briançon)
Brigomagus (Briançonnet)
Civitas Rigomagensium / Rigomagus (Chorges)

References

Michael Grant, Gli imperatori romani, Roma, Newton & Compton, 1984, ISBN 88-7819-224-4.
^ Graßl 2006.

Bibliography

Graßl, Herbert (2006). "Alpes Maritimae". Brill's New Pauly. doi:10.1163/1574-9347_bnp_e116390.
Morabito, Stéphane (2010). "Entre Narbonnaise et Italie : le territoire de la province des Alpes Maritimae pendant l'Antiquité romaine (I er S. av. J.-C.-V e S. apr. J.-C.)". Gallia. 67 (2): 99–124. ISSN 0016-4119. JSTOR 43608132.

v t e Provinces of the early Roman Empire (117 AD)
Achaia Aegyptus Africa proconsularis Alpes Cottiae Alpes Maritimae Alpes Graiae et Poeninae Arabia Petraea Armenia Asia Assyria Bithynia and Pontus Britannia Cappadocia Cilicia Corsica and Sardinia Crete and Cyrenaica Cyprus Dacia Dalmatia Epirus Galatia Gallia Aquitania Gallia Belgica Gallia Lugdunensis Gallia Narbonensis Germania Inferior Germania Superior Hispania Baetica Hispania Lusitania Hispania Tarraconensis Italia Iudaea Lycia et Pamphylia Macedonia Mauretania Caesariensis Mauretania Tingitana Mesopotamia Moesia Inferior Moesia Superior Noricum Pannonia Inferior Pannonia Superior Raetia Sicilia Syria Thracia
Italy was never constituted as a province, instead retaining a special juridical status until Diocletian's reforms.

Late Roman and early Byzantine provinces (4th–7th centuries AD)

History

As found in the Notitia Dignitatum. Provincial administration reformed and dioceses established by Diocletian, c. 293. Permanent praetorian prefectures established after the death of Constantine I. Empire permanently partitioned after 395. Exarchates of Ravenna and Africa established after 584. After massive territorial losses in the 7th century, the remaining provinces were superseded by the theme system in c. 640–660, although in Asia Minor and parts of Greece they survived under the themes until the early 9th century.

Western Roman Empire (395–476)

Praetorian prefecture
of Gaul

Diocese of Gaul	Alpes Poeninae et Graiae Belgica I Belgica II Germania I Germania II Lugdunensis I Lugdunensis II Lugdunensis III Lugdunensis IV Maxima Sequanorum
Diocese of Vienne	Alpes Maritimae Aquitanica I Aquitanica II Narbonensis I Narbonensis II Novempopulania Viennensis
Diocese of Spain	Baetica Balearica Carthaginensis Gallaecia Lusitania Mauretania Tingitana Tarraconensis
Diocese of the Britains	Britannia I Britannia II Flavia Caesariensis Maxima Caesariensis Valentia (?)

Praetorian prefecture
of Italy

Diocese of Suburbicarian Italy	Apulia et Calabria Campania Corsica Lucania et Bruttium Picenum Suburbicarium Samnium Sardinia Sicilia Tuscia et Umbria Valeria
Diocese of Annonarian Italy	Alpes Cottiae Flaminia et Picenum Annonarium Liguria et Aemilia Raetia I Raetia II Venetia et Histria
Diocese of Africa	Africa proconsularis (Zeugitana) Byzacena Mauretania Caesariensis Mauretania Sitifensis Numidia (divided as Cirtensis and Militiana during the Tetrarchy) Tripolitania (Roman province)

Eastern Roman Empire (395–c. 640)

Praetorian prefecture
of Illyricum

Diocese of Pannonia	Dalmatia Noricum mediterraneum Noricum ripense Pannonia I Pannonia II Savia Valeria ripensis
Diocese of Dacia	Dacia Mediterranea Dacia Ripensis Dardania Moesia I Praevalitana
Diocese of Macedonia	Achaea Creta Epirus Nova Epirus Vetus Macedonia Prima Macedonia II Salutaris Thessalia

Praetorian prefecture
of the East

Diocese of Thrace	Europa Haemimontus Moesia Secunda Rhodope Scythia Thracia
Diocese of Asia	Asia Caria Hellespontus Islands Lycaonia (370) Lycia Lydia Pamphylia Pisidia Phrygia Pacatiana Phrygia Salutaris
Diocese of Pontus	Armenia Prima Armenia Secunda Armenia Maior Armenian Satrapies Armenia III (536) Armenia IV (536) Bithynia Cappadocia I Cappadocia II Galatia I Galatia II Salutaris Helenopontus Honorias Paphlagonia Pontus Polemoniacus
Diocese of the East	Arabia Cilicia I Cilicia II Cyprus Euphratensis Isauria Mesopotamia Osroene Palaestina I Palaestina II Palaestina III Salutaris Phoenice I Phoenice II Libanensis Syria I Syria II Salutaris Theodorias (528)
Diocese of Egypt	Aegyptus I Aegyptus II Arcadia Augustamnica I Augustamnica II Libya Superior Libya Inferior Thebais Superior Thebais Inferior

Other territories
Taurica Quaestura exercitus (536) Spania (552)

Later the Septem Provinciae
Re-established after reconquest by the Eastern Empire in 534 as the separate Prefecture of Africa
Later the Diocese of Illyricum
Placed under the Quaestura exercitus in 536
Affected (i.e. boundaries modified, abolished or renamed) by Justinian I's administrative reorganization in 534–536

44°34′21″N 6°29′37″E / 44.5724°N 6.4936°E / 44.5724; 6.4936

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