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Amyloporia is a genus of five species of crust fungi in the family Polyporaceae. Its main distinguishing characteristic is the amyloid reaction of the skeletal hyphae, although some authors do not consider this to be sufficient to distinguish Amyloporia from the related genus Antrodia.

Taxonomy

The genus was originally circumscribed by Apollinaris Semenovich Bondartsev and Rolf Singer in 1941 as part of the subfamily Poroideae of the family Polyporaceae. Four species were included: the type Antrodia calcea, A. crassa, A. xantha, and A. lenis. These mycologists later independently published the genus with a Latin description (establishing the validity of the publication in accordance with rules of nomenclature): Singer in 1944, and Bondartsev in 1953. There has historically been much confusion about the true identity of A. calcea. It is now classified in the genus Antrodia (family Fomitopsidaceae) as Antrodia calceus. Some authors have preferred to treat Amyloporia as synonymous with Antrodia. A molecular study published in 2010 determined that the five species then considered part of Amyloporia did not group together phylogenetically, and that Amyloporia was not worthy of generic status.

The generic name Amyloporia combines the Ancient Greek word άμυλον ("starch") and the name Poria.

Description

Bondartsev and Singer, in their description of Amyloporia, emphasized the pore colour–initially white or colored, eventually becoming whiteish or often yellowish to slightly brownish; and amyloid trama in the adult fruit body. These features helped distinguish Amyloporia from the morphologically similar Ceraporus and Aporpium.

Species

As of June 2017, Index Fungorum accepts five species in Amyloporia:

• A. nothofaginea Rajchenb. & Gorjón (2011) – southern Andes
• A. sinuosa (Fr.) Rajchenb., Gorjón & Pildain (2011)
• A. stratosa (J.E.Wright & J.R.Deschamps) Rajchenb., Gorjón & Pildain (2011) – South America, Tasmania
• A. subxantha (Y.C.Dai & X.S.He) B.K.Cui & Y.C.Dai (2013) – China
• A. turkestanica (Pilát) Bondartsev (1953) – central Asia

Index Fungorum shows 30 taxa associated with the generic name Amyloporia. Several species once placed in this genus have since been transferred to other genera:

• Amyloporia alpina (Litsch.) Domański (1974) = Antrodia alpina (Litsch.) Gilb. & Ryvarden (1985)
• Amyloporia calcea (Fr.) Bondartsev & Singer (1944) = Antrodia calceus (Fr.) Teixeira (1992)
• Amyloporia carbonica (Overh.) Vampola & Pouzar (1993) = Antrodia carbonica (Overh.) Ryvarden & Gilb. 1984)
• Amyloporia crassa (P.Karst.) Bondartsev & Singer (1941) = Antrodia crassa (P.Karst.) Ryvarden (1973)
• Amyloporia lenis (P.Karst.) Bondartsev & Singer (1941) = Sidera lenis (P.Karst.) Miettinen (2011)
• Amyloporia pinea B.K.Cui & Y.C.Dai (2013) = Antrodia pinea (B.K.Cui & Y.C.Dai) V.Spirin (2015)
• Amyloporia sitchensis (D.V.Baxter) Vampola & Pouzar (1993) = Antrodia sitchensis (D.V.Baxter) Gilb. & Ryvarden (1985)
• Amyloporia sordida (Ryvarden & Gilb.) Vampola & Pouzar (1993) = Antrodia sordida Ryvarden & Gilb. (1984)
• Amyloporia xantha (Fr.) Bondartsev & Singer (1941) = Antrodia xantha (Fr.) Ryvarden (1973)

References

1. ^ Bondartsev, Apollinarii Semenovich; Singer, Rolf (1941). "Zur Systematik der Polyporaceen". Annales Mycologici (in German). 39: 43–65. Poren weiss oder gefärbt, zuletzt weisslich oder gefärbt, aber nich immer so oben angegeben, sondern meist gelblich bis leicht bräunlich. Trama amyloid im erwachsenen Fruchtkörper.
2. Singer, Rolf (1944). "Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature of the polypores". Mycologia. 36 (1): 65–69. doi:10.2307/3754880. JSTOR 3754880.
3. ^ Bondartsev, Apollinarii Semenovich (1953). The Polyporaceae of the European USSR and Caucasia. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR (Proceedings of the USSR Academy of Sciences). Leningrad. p. 155.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
4. Donk, M.A. "Notes on European Polypores. II. Notes on Poria". Persoonia. 5: 47–130.
5. "Record Details: Amyloporia calcea (Fr.) Bondartsev & Singer". Index Fungorum. CAB International. Retrieved 2017-06-13.
6. Ryvarden, L.; Gilbertson, R.L. (1986). North American Polypores. Oslo: Fungiflora. ISBN 0-945345-06-2.
7. Ryvarden, L. (1991). Genera of Polypores. Nomenclature and tax- onomy. Synopsis Fungorum. Vol. 5. Oslo: Fungiflora. ISBN 978-8290724103.
8. Yu, Zhi-He; Wu, Sheng-Hua; Wang, Dong-Mei; Chen, Cheng-Tau (2010). "Phylogenetic relationships of Antrodia species and related taxa based on analyses of nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences" (PDF). Botanical Studies. 51: 53–60.
9. Donk, M.A. (1960). "The generic names proposed for Polyporaceae". Persoonia. 1 (2): 173–302. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019.
10. Kirk, PM. "Species Fungorum (version 29th May 2017). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life". Retrieved 2017-06-13.
11. ^ Rajchenberg, Mario; Gorjón, Sergio Pérez; Pildain, María Belén (2011). "The phylogenetic disposition of Antrodia s.l. (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) from Patagonia, Argentina". Mycologia. 24 (2): 357–367. doi:10.3852/12-088. hdl:11336/3457. PMID 22962359. S2CID 22773174.
12. Cui, Bao-Kai; Dai, Yu-Cheng (2013). "Molecular phylogeny and morphology reveal a new species of Amyloporia (Basidiomycota) from China". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 104 (5): 817–827. doi:10.1007/s10482-013-9994-1. PMID 23912447. S2CID 13995280.

• Polyporaceae
• Polyporales genera
• Taxa named by Rolf Singer