Anne L. Armstrong - Misplaced Pages

American diplomat (1927–2008) For the American novelist, see Anne W. Armstrong. For American basketball player, see Anne Marie Armstrong.

Anne Armstrong


Chair of the President's Intelligence Advisory Board
In office October 20, 1981 – July 17, 1990
President	Ronald Reagan George H. W. Bush
Preceded by	Leo Cherne (1977)
Succeeded by	John Tower
United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom
In office March 17, 1976 – March 3, 1977
President	Gerald Ford Jimmy Carter
Preceded by	Elliot Richardson
Succeeded by	Kingman Brewster
Counselor to the President
In office January 19, 1973 – December 18, 1974 Serving with Dean Burch, Kenneth Rush
President	Richard Nixon Gerald Ford
Preceded by	Robert Finch
Succeeded by	Robert T. Hartmann John O. Marsh

Personal details
Born	(1927-12-27)December 27, 1927 New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.
Died	July 30, 2008(2008-07-30) (aged 80) Houston, Texas, U.S.
Political party	Republican
Spouse	Tobin Armstrong
Children	5
Education	Vassar College (AB)

Anne Legendre Armstrong (December 27, 1927 – July 30, 2008) was a United States diplomat and politician. She was the first woman to serve as Counselor to the President and as United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom, serving in those capacities under the Nixon, Ford, and Carter administrations. She was the recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1987.

Personal life

Armstrong was born on December 27, 1927 in New Orleans, Louisiana, and graduated from Vassar College in 1949. In 1950, she married Tobin Armstrong, a cattle rancher from Texas.

Political Career

From 1966 to 1968, she was the vice chairman of the Texas Republican Party. From 1971 to 1973, she was co-chairman of the Republican National Committee, and she was the keynote speaker at the 1972 Republican National Convention. Armstrong was the first woman from either major party to keynote at a national convention. In a Christmas dinner toast at the White House on Dec. 16, 1972, she "in one breath" praised "'Jesus Christ, the Prince of Peace'" and Nixon as "the man who has done the most for peace in our history"; at the time, Nixon had given orders for the Christmas Bombing of North Vietnam.

Counselor to the President

President Richard Nixon named Armstrong as Counselor to the President on December 19, 1972. She held from January 19, 1973 to November 1974 under President Ford.

During her tenure as Counselor, Armstrong founded the first Office of Women's Programs in the White House, predecessor to the current White House Council on Women and Girls. Fluent in Spanish, she was Nixon's liaison to Hispanic Americans and was a member of a Cabinet committee on opportunities for Spanish-speaking people. From 1976 to 1977, Armstrong was the first woman United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom.

Consideration for the vice presidency

At the 1976 Republican National Convention in Kansas City, Missouri, there was a draft effort to put Armstrong on the ticket as the vice presidential nominee with incumbent President Gerald Ford. Senator Robert Dole of Kansas was instead chosen by Ford. In 1978, Armstrong supported George W. Bush in his successful primary challenge to Jim Reese in their congressional runoff primary in Texas's 19th congressional district.

Support for the Equal Rights Amendment

Armstrong was a supporter of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). In 1971, Armstrong was quoted as saying, "I feel like it has become a symbol of meaning for so many people. Plus it would clear up a lot of legal questions."

Awards and recognition

In 1987, Armstrong was given the Presidential Medal of Freedom by Ronald Reagan. In 1989, she received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement. She received an honorary Doctor of Laws from St. Mary's University in 1978.

Death

Armstrong died of cancer in 2008. She is buried at Oakwood Cemetery, Austin, Texas.

References

^ Grimes, Williams (July 31, 2008). "Anne Armstrong, Presidential Adviser and Pioneering Politician, Dies at 80". New York Times.
^ "Anne Armstrong". www.k-state.edu. Retrieved 2024-10-04.
"Hon. Anne Legendre Armstrong | Penn State University Libraries". libraries.psu.edu. Retrieved 2024-10-16.
"Armstrong, Anne Legendre | Penn State University Libraries Archival Collections". archives.libraries.psu.edu. Retrieved 2024-10-04.
^ Hodgson, Godfrey (2008-07-31). "Anne Armstrong". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-10-04.
Weiner, Tim (2015). One Man Against the World: The Tragedy of Richard Nixon. (New York: Henry Holt and Company. New York: Henry Holt and Company. p. 222. ISBN 978-1-62779-083-3.
"Desert Sun, December 19, 1972 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. Retrieved May 3, 2017.
^ Holley, Joe (2008-07-31). "Leading Texas Republican Anne Armstrong". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2016-10-22.
"Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project Women Ambassadors Series AMBASSADOR ANNE LEGENDRE ARMSTRONG" (PDF). Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training. 7 October 1987. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 July 2024. Retrieved 16 July 2024.
"Mayor Jim Reese of Odessa and the Republican Party in the Permian Basin", The West Texas Historical Association Year Book, Vol. LXXXVII (October 2011), p. 138
"Leading Texas Republican Anne Armstrong". Washington Post. 2024-02-02. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2024-10-04.
"Anne Armstrong Declines to Join Reagan Administration". Washington Post. 2024-02-27. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2024-10-04.
Blackman, Ann (October 14, 1971). "Anne Armstrong, Sells GOP as Party of Peace, Prosperity". Wichita Falls Times.
"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement". www.achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement.
"Anne Armstrong Obituary (2008) - New Orleans, LA - The Times-Picayune". Legacy.com. Retrieved 2024-10-04.

External links

Party political offices
Preceded byDaniel Evans	Keynote Speaker of the Republican National Convention 1972	Succeeded byHoward Baker
Political offices
Preceded byRobert Finch	Counselor to the President 1973–1974 Served alongside: Dean Burch, Kenneth Rush	Succeeded byRobert Hartmann
Preceded byRobert Finch		Succeeded byJohn O. Marsh
Diplomatic posts
Preceded byElliot Richardson	United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom 1976–1977	Succeeded byKingman Brewster
Government offices
VacantTitle last held byLeo Cherne	Chair of the President's Intelligence Advisory Board 1981–1990	Succeeded byJohn Tower

v t e Ambassadors of the United States of America to the Court of St. James's
Ministers Plenipotentiary to the Court of St. James's (1785–1811)	J. Adams Pickney King Monroe Pinkney Russell (chargé d'affaires)
Envoys Extraordinary and Ministers Plenipotentiary to the Court of St. James's (1815–1893)	J. Q. Adams Rush King Gallatin Lawrence (chargé d'affaires) Barbour McLane Van Buren Vail (chargé d'affaires) Stevenson Everett McLane Bancroft Lawrence Ingersoll Buchanan Dallas C. Adams R. Johnson Motley Schenck Pierrepont Welsh Lowell Phelps Lincoln
Ambassadors Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the Court of St. James's (1893–present)	Bayard Hay Choate Reid Page Davis Harvey Kellogg Houghton Dawes Mellon Bingham Kennedy Winant Harriman Douglas Gifford Aldrich Whitney Bruce Annenberg Richardson Armstrong Brewster Louis Price Catto Seitz Crowe Lader Farish Tuttle Susman Barzun W. Johnson Hartley

Texas Women's Hall of Fame

1980s

1984	Christia Adair Kate Atkinson Bell Vivian Castleberry Lila Cockrell Clotilde Pérez García Jeane Porter Hester Oveta Culp Hobby Mary Evelyn Blagg Huey Sarah T. Hughes Lady Bird Johnson Barbara Jordan Amy Freeman Lee
1985	Benjy Frances Brooks Patricia Happ Buffler Liz Carpenter Grace Woodruff Cartwright Helen Farabee Maria Elena Flood Willie Lee Glass Lydia Mendoza Jenny Lind Porter Louise Raggio Ann Richards Edna Gardner Whyte
1986	Anne Armstrong Mary Kay Ash Caro Crawford Brown Alicia Chacon Jody Conradt Margaret Cousins Wilhelmina Ruth Delco Frances Goff Mary Lavinia Griffith May Owen Sally Ride Ada Simond Hermine Tobolowsky
1987	Lucy G. Acosta Ruth Sharp Altshuler Margaret Harris Amsler Johnnie Benson Tommie Clack Kim Dawson Lillian Dunlap Elithe Hamilton Kirkland Donna Lopiano Katie Sherrod Donnya Stephens Dora Dougherty Strother Mary Nan West
1988	Nancy Brinker Margaret Pease Harper Ninfa Laurenzo Lane Murray Louise Ritter Ruth Taubert Seeger Bert Kruger Smith Eleanor Tinsley
1989	Barbara Bush Judith Craven Gussie Nell Davis Margaret Swan Forbes L. Ruth Guy Terry Hershey Lucia Rede Madrid Jane Wetzel

1990s

1993	Linda Louise Craft Ernestine Glossbrenner Gabrielle Kirk McDonald Eleanor Montague Aaronetta Hamilton Pierce Gloria G. Rodriguez Annette Strauss
1994	Rosa Ramirez Guerrero Irma Rangel Mary Beth Rogers Bess Whitehead Scott Hallie Stillwell Francie Larrieu Smith Alvia Wardlaw Martha Wong Eleanor Anne Young
1996	Ebby Halliday Acers Rita Crocker Clements Zina Garrison Sybil Harrington Kay Bailey Hutchison Vassar Miller Helen Oujesky Ruby Lee Piester Dian Graves Stai S. Eva Singletary
1998	Norma Lea Beasley Shirley Thompson Carter Elizabeth Lyons Ghrist Kay Granger Dixie Melillo Diana Natalicio Marsha Sharp

2000s

2000	Tillie Burgin Carol Dinkins Anna Maria Farias Juliet V. García Glenna Goodacre Wendy Harpham Jinger L. Heath Dealey Herndon Mamie L. McKnight Jo Stewart Randel Judy Rankin
2002	Karen Hughes Mae Jemison Angela Murdaugh Ann Williams
2004	Susan Combs Trinidad Mendenhall Mary Meyers Rosenfield Sheryl Swoopes
2006	Amanda Dunbar Kathleen Foster Shirley Neeley Ellen Vitetta
2008	Elsa Murano Sandra Day O'Connor Carolyn Peterson Louise Hopkins Underwood Huda Zoghbi

2010s

2010	Nancy W. Dickey Erma Johnson Hadley Teresa Lozano Long Judy Castle Scott Pamela Willeford
2012	Barbara Smith Conrad Anne Corn Nina Godiwalla Harriet O'Neill Mary Saunders
2014	Nandita Berry Joanne Herring Kim Olson Anita Perry Ann Stuart Senfronia Thompson Deborah Tucker Carolyn Wright
2016	Emma Carter Browning Susie Hitchcock-Hall Ginger Kerrick Renu Khator Selena
2018	Simone Biles Laura Bush Vikki Carr Susan Dell Tammie Jo Shults Elizabeth Anne Sueltenfuss Judith Zaffirini

2020s

2021	Lauren Anderson Charlye O. Farris Dawn Ferrell Ofelia Vasquez-Philo Kendra Scott Elaine Stolte
2023	Leta Andrews Mary Horn Val LaMantia Opal Lee Lavinia Masters Antonietta Quigg Charlotte Sharp Elizabeth Suarez

Cabinet of President Richard Nixon (1969–1974)

Cabinet
Vice President	Spiro Agnew (1969–1973) None (1973) Gerald Ford (1973–1974)
Secretary of State	William P. Rogers (1969–1973) Henry Kissinger (1973–1974)
Secretary of the Treasury	David M. Kennedy (1969–1971) John Connally (1971–1972) George Shultz (1972–1974) William E. Simon (1974)
Secretary of Defense	Melvin Laird (1969–1973) Elliot Richardson (1973) James R. Schlesinger (1973–1974)
Attorney General	John N. Mitchell (1969–1972) Richard Kleindienst (1972–1973) Elliot Richardson (1973) William B. Saxbe (1974)
Postmaster General	Winton M. Blount (1969–1971)
Secretary of the Interior	Wally Hickel (1969–1970) Rogers Morton (1971–1974)
Secretary of Agriculture	Clifford M. Hardin (1969–1971) Earl Butz (1971–1974)
Secretary of Commerce	Maurice Stans (1969–1972) Peter G. Peterson (1972–1973) Frederick B. Dent (1973–1974)
Secretary of Labor	George Shultz (1969–1970) James Day Hodgson (1970–1973) Peter J. Brennan (1973–1974)
Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare	Robert Finch (1969–1970) Elliot Richardson (1970–1973) Caspar Weinberger (1973–1974)
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development	George W. Romney (1969–1973) James Thomas Lynn (1973–1974)
Secretary of Transportation	John A. Volpe (1969–1973) Claude Brinegar (1973–1974)

Cabinet-level
Director of the Bureau of the Budget	Robert P. Mayo (1969–1970)
Director of the Office of Management and Budget	George Shultz (1970–1972) Caspar Weinberger (1972–1973) Roy Ash (1973–1974)
Ambassador to the United Nations	Charles Yost (1969–1971) George H. W. Bush (1971–1973) John A. Scali (1973–1974)
Counselor to the President	Arthur F. Burns (1969) Daniel Patrick Moynihan (1969–1970) Bryce Harlow (1969–1970) Robert Finch (1970–1972) Donald Rumsfeld (1970–1971) Anne L. Armstrong (1973–1974) Dean Burch (1974) Kenneth Rush (1974)

Cabinet of President Gerald Ford (1974–1977)

Cabinet
Vice President	None (1974) Nelson Rockefeller (1974–1977)
Secretary of State	Henry Kissinger (1974–1977)
Secretary of the Treasury	William E. Simon (1974–1977)
Secretary of Defense	James R. Schlesinger (1974–1975) Donald Rumsfeld (1975–1977)
Attorney General	William B. Saxbe (1974–1975) Edward H. Levi (1975–1977)
Secretary of the Interior	Rogers Morton (1974–1975) Stanley K. Hathaway (1975) Thomas S. Kleppe (1975–1977)
Secretary of Agriculture	Earl Butz (1974–1976) John A. Knebel (1976–1977)
Secretary of Commerce	Frederick B. Dent (1974–1975) Rogers Morton (1975–1976) Elliot Richardson (1976–1977)
Secretary of Labor	Peter J. Brennan (1974–1975) John Thomas Dunlop (1975–1976) William Usery Jr. (1976–1977)
Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare	Caspar Weinberger (1974–1975) F. David Mathews (1975–1977)
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development	James Thomas Lynn (1974–1975) Carla Anderson Hills (1975–1977)
Secretary of Transportation	Claude Brinegar (1974–1975) William Thaddeus Coleman Jr. (1975–1977)

Cabinet-level
Director of the Office of Management and Budget	Roy Ash (1974–1975) James Thomas Lynn (1975–1977)
Trade Representative	Frederick B. Dent (1975–1977)
Ambassador to the United Nations	John A. Scali (1974–1975) Daniel Patrick Moynihan (1975–1976) William Scranton (1976–1977)
White House Chief of Staff	Donald Rumsfeld (1974–1975) Dick Cheney (1975–1977)
Counselor to the President	Anne L. Armstrong (1974) Dean Burch (1974) Kenneth Rush (1974) Robert T. Hartmann (1974–1977) John Otho Marsh Jr. (1974–1977) Rogers Morton (1976)
White House Counsel	Philip W. Buchen (1974–1977)

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