Antiochus IX Cyzicenus - Misplaced Pages

(Redirected from Antiochus IX Eusebes) King of Syria from 116 to 95 BC

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Antiochus IX Cyzicenus
Antiochus IX Eusebes Cyzicenus
Tetradrachm of Antiochos IX, with Athena Nike on the reverse, minted at Antioch circa 110-109 BC.
King of Syria (Seleucid Empire)
Reign	116–95 BC
Predecessor	Antiochus VIII
Successors	Seleucus VI, Demetrius III
Contenders	Antiochus VIII (116–96 BC) Seleucus VI (96–95 BC) Demetrius III (96–95 BC)

Born	Unknown
Died	96 BC
Spouse	Cleopatra IV (married c. 115–112 BC) Cleopatra Selene of Syria (married 96 BC)
Issue	Antiochus X Eusebes
Dynasty	Seleucid
Father	Antiochus VII Sidetes
Mother	Cleopatra Thea

Antiochus IX Eusebes Cyzicenus (Greek: Ἀντίοχος Εὐσεβής Κυζικηνός, "Antiochus the Pious, the Cyzicene") was a ruler of the Hellenistic Seleucid kingdom. He was the son of Antiochus VII and Cleopatra Thea. He left the kingdom in 129 BC and went to the city of Cyzicus, but he returned in 116 BC to challenge his half-brother Antiochus VIII for power.

The siblings fought a twenty-year civil war. In 112 BC, Antiochus IX's wife, Cleopatra IV, was killed by her sister Tryphaena, the wife of Antiochus VIII. Tryphaena herself died shortly afterwards. Antiochus VIII was assassinated in 96 BC; he was succeeded by his sons Seleucus VI and Demetrius III. Antiochus IX then took the capital Antioch and married his deceased wife's sister Cleopatra Selene, who was herself the widow of Antiochus VIII. Seleucus VI continued the war against his uncle. Antiochus IX Eusebes Cyzicenus was killed in battle in 96 B.C.

Biography

The son of Antiochus VII and Cleopatra Thea, upon the death of his father in Parthia and his uncle Demetrius II's return to power (129 BC), his mother sent him to Cyzicus on the Bosporus, thus giving him his nickname.

Following the death of his mother c. 121 BC, Antiochus IX Cyzicenus challenged his half-brother, Antiochus VIII, for power over Syria.

He returned to Syria in 116 BC to claim the Seleucid throne from Antiochus VIII, with whom he eventually divided Syria, that same year.

Antiochus IX was first married to Cleopatra IV, who was said to have been killed in 112 BC by her sister and rival Tryphaena, wife of Antiochus VIII. Antiochus VIII was assassinated in 96 BC. Antiochus IX then captured Antioch and married his brother's widow, Cleopatra Selene, who was the sister of Cleopatra IV.

Antiochus IX was subsequently killed in battle against Antiochus VIII's son Seleucus VI later in 96 BC.

Legacy

Antiochus IX probably created the Iturean tetrarchy as an ally against Antiochus VIII.

References

Oliver D. Hoover, Handbook of Syrian Coins: Royal and Civic Issues, Fourth to First Centuries BC , Lancaster/London, Classical Numismatic Group, 2009, pp. 250-251.
^ Antiochus IX Cyzicenus entry in historical sourcebook by Mahlon H. Smith
ARTHUR HOUGHTON, THE PORTRAIT OF ANTIOCHUS IX , Vereinigung der Freunde Antiker Kunst, 1984, pp. 123-128.
^ "E. R. Bevan: The House of Ptolemy • Chap. XI".
Aidan Dodson, Dyan Hilton, The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt, 2004
Cleopatra Thea by Chris Bennett
Justin 39, 3, 3-11.
Wright 2005, p. 80.

Sources

Wright, Nicholas L. (2005). "Seleucid Royal Cult, Indigenous Religious Traditions and Radiate Crowns: The Numismatic Evidence". Mediterranean Archaeology. 18. Sydney University Press: 81. ISSN 1030-8482.
Vermeule, Cornelius (1970). "Near Eastern, Greek, and Roman Gems: A Recent Gift to the Collections". Boston Museum Bulletin. 68 (353). Museum of Fine Arts, Boston: 197–214. JSTOR 4171534. OCLC 866801443.

External links

An engraved gem. Property of The Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. It probably depicts Antiochus IX.

Antiochus IX Cyzicenus Seleucid dynastyBorn: Unknown Died: 96 BC
Preceded byAntiochus VIII	Seleucid King (King of Syria) 114–95 BC with Antiochus VIII (116–95 BC)	Succeeded bySeleucus VI and Demetrius III

v t e Hellenistic rulers
Argeads	Philip II Alexander III the Great Philip III Arrhidaeus Alexander IV
Antipatrids	Cassander Philip IV Alexander V Antipater II Antipater Etesias Sosthenes
Antigonids	Antigonus I Monophthalmus Demetrius I Poliorcetes Antigonus II Gonatas Demetrius II Aetolicus Antigonus III Doson Philip V Perseus Philip VI (pretender)
Ptolemies	Ptolemy I Soter Ptolemy Keraunos Ptolemy II Philadelphus Ptolemy III Euergetes Ptolemy IV Philopator Ptolemy V Epiphanes Cleopatra I Syra (regent) Ptolemy VI Philometor Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator Cleopatra II Philometor Soter Ptolemy VIII Physcon Cleopatra III Ptolemy IX Lathyros Ptolemy X Alexander Berenice III Ptolemy XI Alexander Ptolemy XII Auletes Cleopatra VI Tryphaena Berenice IV Epiphanea Ptolemy XIII Ptolemy XIV Cleopatra VII Philopator Ptolemy XV Caesarion
Monarchs of Cyrene	Magas Berenice II Demetrius the Fair Ptolemy VIII Physcon Ptolemy Apion Cleopatra Selene II
Seleucids	Seleucus I Nicator Antiochus I Soter Antiochus II Theos Seleucus II Callinicus Seleucus III Ceraunus Antiochus III the Great Seleucus IV Philopator Antiochus IV Epiphanes Antiochus V Eupator Demetrius I Soter Alexander I Balas Demetrius II Nicator Antiochus VI Dionysus Diodotus Tryphon Antiochus VII Sidetes Alexander II Zabinas Cleopatra Thea Seleucus V Philometor Antiochus VIII Grypus Antiochus IX Cyzicenus Seleucus VI Epiphanes Antiochus X Eusebes Antiochus XI Epiphanes Demetrius III Eucaerus Philip I Philadelphus Antiochus XII Dionysus Cleopatra Selene I Antiochus XIII Asiaticus Philip II Philoromaeus
Lysimachids	Lysimachus Ptolemy Epigonos
Attalids	Philetaerus Eumenes I Attalus I Eumenes II Attalus II Attalus III Eumenes III
Greco-Bactrians	Diodotus I Diodotus II Euthydemus I Demetrius I Euthydemus II Antimachus I Pantaleon Agathocles Demetrius II Eucratides I Plato Eucratides II Heliocles I
Indo-Greeks	Demetrius I Antimachus I Pantaleon Agathocles Apollodotus I Demetrius II Antimachus II Menander I Zoilos I Agathokleia Lysias Strato I Antialcidas Heliokles II Polyxenos Demetrius III Philoxenus Diomedes Amyntas Epander Theophilos Peukolaos Thraso Nicias Menander II Artemidoros Hermaeus Archebius Telephos Apollodotus II Hippostratos Dionysios Zoilos II Apollophanes Strato II Strato III
Monarchs of Bithynia	Boteiras Bas Zipoetes I Nicomedes I Zipoetes II Etazeta (regent) Ziaelas Prusias I Prusias II Nicomedes II Nicomedes III Nicomedes IV Socrates Chrestus
Monarchs of Pontus	Mithridates I Ctistes Ariobarzanes Mithridates II Mithridates III Pharnaces I Mithridates IV Philopator Philadephos with Laodice Mithridates V Euergetes Mithridates VI Eupator Pharnaces II Darius Arsaces Polemon I Pythodorida Polemon II
Monarchs of Commagene	Ptolemaeus Sames II Mithridates I Antiochus I Mithridates II Antiochus II Mithridates III Antiochus III Antiochus IV
Monarchs of Cappadocia	Ariarathes I Ariarathes II Ariamnes II Ariarathes III Ariarathes IV Ariarathes V Orophernes Ariarathes VI Ariarathes VII Ariarathes VIII Ariarathes IX Ariobarzanes I Ariobarzanes II Ariobarzanes III Ariarathes X Archelaus
Monarchs of the Cimmerian Bosporus	Paerisades I Satyros II Prytanis Eumelos Spartokos III Hygiainon (regent) Paerisades II Spartokos IV Leukon II Spartokos V [ru] Kamasarye Paerisades III Paerisades IV Paerisades V Mithridates I Pharnaces Asander with Dynamis Mithridates II Asander with Dynamis Scribonius's attempted rule with Dynamis Dynamis with Polemon Polemon Aspurgus Gepaepyris Mithridates III Cotys I
Monarchs of Epirus	Admetus Tharrhypas Alcetas I Neoptolemus I Arybbas Alexander I Aeacides Neoptolemus II Alcetas II Pyrrhus I Alexander II Olympias II (regent) Pyrrhus II Ptolemy Pyrrhus III Deidamia
Hellenistic rulers were preceded by Hellenistic satraps in most of their territories.

Vermeule 1970, p. 205.

Categories:

Biography

Legacy

See also

References

Sources

External links