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| Japanese rat snake | |
|---|---|
| |
| Conservation status | |
 Least Concern (IUCN 3.1) | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Serpentes |
| Family: | Colubridae |
| Genus: | Elaphe |
| Species: | E. climacophora |
| Binomial name | |
| Elaphe climacophora (Boie, 1826) | |
The Japanese rat snake (Elaphe climacophora) is a medium-sized colubrid snake found throughout the Japanese archipelago (except the far South West) as well as on the Russian-administered Kunashir Island. In Japanese it is known as the aodaishō or "blue general". It is non-venomous. It is hunted by eagles and tanukis.
The snakes hibernate for three to four months, mate in spring and lay 7–20 eggs in early summer.
Description
Adults reach one to two meters in length and about five centimeters in girth. E. climacophora is the largest Japanese snake outside Okinawa. They are variable in color, ranging from pale yellow-green to dark blue-green.
Juveniles have brown-stripe pattern that may be mimesis of the venomous mamushi. An albino form is known, with specimens especially numerous near Iwakuni, where they are called "Iwakuni white snakes" and revered as messengers of deities and deity-guardians of mountains and rivers. The albino population was protected in 1924 as a "national monument."
Feeding
Japanese rat snakes eat a variety of small animals: rodents, frogs, lizards, shrooms, or flies. They are good at climbing and often raid bird nests. They were favoured by farmers as effective rat control, though unpopular with chicken rearers.
Hybrids
In the German reptile zoo Exotarium Oberhof Elaphe climacophora mated with Elaphe schrenckii to produce fertile hybrids. Offspring look very much like Elaphe taeniura.
References
- ^ Kidera, N.; Ota, H. (2017). "Elaphe climacophora". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T47755764A47755773. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T47755764A47755773.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- Elaphe climacophora at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 3 January 2021.
| Taxon identifiers | |
|---|---|
| Elaphe climacophora | |
| Coluber climacophorus | |