Misplaced Pages

Ardeadactylus

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
(Redirected from Ardeadactylus longicollum) Genus of ctenochasmatoid pterosaur from the Late Jurassic

Ardeadactylus
Temporal range: Late Jurassic,
152 Ma PreꞒ O S D C P T J K Pg N
SMNS 56603, the neotype
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Order: Pterosauria
Suborder: Pterodactyloidea
Clade: Euctenochasmatia
Clade: Ctenochasmatoidea
Genus: Ardeadactylus
Bennett, 2013
Species: A. longicollum
Binomial name
Ardeadactylus longicollum
(Meyer, 1854)
Synonyms
List
  • Pterodactylus longipes
    Münster, 1836
  • Pterodactylus longicollum
    Meyer, 1854
  • Diopecephalus longicollum
    (Meyer, 1854)
  • Pterodactylus (Ornithocephalus) vulturinus
    Wagner, 1857
  • Pterodactylus vulturinus
    (Wagner, 1857)
  • Pterodactylus suevicus
    Fraas, 1878 non Quenstedt, 1855
  • Cycnorhamphus fraasi
    Seeley, 1901
  • Pterodactylus fraasi
    (Seeley, 1901)

Ardeadactylus (from Ardea – meaning "heron", and also a name of a genus of herons – and dactylus, meaning "finger") is an extinct genus of ctenochasmatoid pterosaur known from the Late Jurassic Solnhofen limestone of Bavaria, southern Germany. It contains a single species, Ardeadactylus longicollum, which was originally thought to be a species of Pterodactylus, as P. longicollum.

History

Only two specimens of Ardeadactylus are known to exist currently: SMNS 56603 (earlier SMNS 5802) found in 1874, a specimen from Nusplingen initially thought to belong to the species Pterodactylus suevicus (currently Cycnorhamphus), and the neotype of the species, JME-SOS 2428, a specimen held at Jura Museum in Eichstätt. Other known specimens, including the holotype designated by Christian Erich Hermann von Meyer when he named the type species Pterodactylus longicollum in 1854, were lost during World War II. The original holotype, consisting of the skull, neck and anterior torso, had been found near Eichstätt in 1853 and was that year acquired for the Herzoglich Leuchtenbergische Naturalien-Kabinett by Professor Ludwig Frischmann. Its destruction motivated Peter Wellnhofer to assign a neotype in 1970.

Description

Ardeadactylus is suspected to be a heron–like, long–necked long–legged piscivore. It was similar to Pterodactylus antiquus in its general body form, but seems to have been larger. Bennett (2013) estimated the wingspan of the neotype specimen to be 1.45 meters (4.8 ft); the referred specimen from the Jura Museum is more or less 10% larger. A. longicollum had fewer, fifteen per jaw, and relatively larger teeth than P. antiquus, possibly indicating that it preyed on larger fish than Pterodactylus.

Classification

Illustration of the lost holotype from 1860

In 2017, a phylogenetic analysis by Steven Vidovic and David Martill found Ardeadactylus within the family Aurorazhdarchidae, sister taxon to Aurorazhdarcho. Their cladogram is shown below:

Ctenochasmatoidea
Aurorazhdarchia

Aerodactylus

Aurorazhdarchidae

Huanhepterus

Ardeadactylus

Aurorazhdarcho

Gallodactylidae

Cycnorhamphus

Moganopterinae

Feilongus

Moganopterus

Ctenochasmatidae

In 2018 however, Nicholas Longrich and colleagues had recovered a different set of relationships for ctenochasmatoids. In their analysis, Ardeadactylus was recovered within the Ctenochasmatidae instead. Their cladogram is shown below.

Ctenochasmatidae
Ctenochasmatinae

Ctenochasma

Pterodaustrini

Pterodaustro

Beipiaopterus

Gegepterus

Kepodactylus

Moganopterinae

Moganopterus

Feilongus

Ardeadactylus

Elanodactylus

Gnathosaurinae

Huanhepterus

Plataleorhynchus

Gnathosaurus

See also

References

  1. ^ Bennett, S. C. (2013). "New information on body size and cranial display structures of Pterodactylus antiquus, with a revision of the genus". Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 87 (2): 269–289. Bibcode:2013PalZ...87..269B. doi:10.1007/s12542-012-0159-8. S2CID 83722829.
  2. Fraas, O., 1878, "Über Pterodactylus suevicus, Qu., von Nusplingen", Palaeontographica, 25: 163–174
  3. ^ Meyer, C.E.H. von, 1854, "Mittheilungen an Professor Bronn: Anthracotherium Dalmatinum vom Monte Promina u.a. A.; Chelydra Decheni aus Braunkohle des Siebengebirges; Wirbelthier-Reste aus dem Basalttuff-Konglomerat zu Glimbach an der Rabenau; angebliches Vorkommen von Agnotherium antiquum und Hyaena spelaea; fossile Reste im lithographischen Schiefer von Nusplingen bei Spaichingen; Eryon Schuberti; Litogaster; Pemphix; Pterodactylus longicollum n. sp. in Solenhofener Schiefer; Acrosaurus Frischmanni von da; Reptilien und Cancer-Arten im Kressenberger Nummuliten-Gestein", Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefaktenkunde 1854: 47–58
  4. Wellnhofer, P., 1970, "Die Pterodactyloidea (Pterosauria) der Oberjura-Plattenkalke Süddeutschlands", Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Wissenschaftlichen Klasse, Abhandlungen 141: 1–133
  5. Vidovic, Steven U.; Martill, David M. (2017). "The taxonomy and phylogeny of Diopecephalus kochi (Wagner, 1837) and "Germanodactylus rhamphastinus" (Wagner, 1851)" (PDF). Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 455 (1): 125–147. Bibcode:2018GSLSP.455..125V. doi:10.1144/SP455.12. S2CID 219204038.
  6. Longrich, N.R.; Martill, D.M.; Andres, B. (2018). "Late Maastrichtian pterosaurs from North Africa and mass extinction of Pterosauria at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary". PLOS Biology. 16 (3): e2001663. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2001663. PMC 5849296. PMID 29534059.
Pterosauria
Avemetatarsalia
Pterosauria
    • see below↓
Pterosauria
Pterosauria
Preondactylia
Caviramidae?
Austriadraconidae
Eopterosauria
Eudimorphodontoidea
Raeticodactylidae
Eudimorphodontidae
Eudimorphodontinae
Zambellisauria?
Macronychoptera
Dimorphodontidae
Lonchognatha?
Novialoidea
Campylognathoididae
Breviquartossa
Rhamphorhynchidae
Rhamphorhynchinae
Rhamphorhynchae
Angustinaripterini
Rhamphorhynchini
Digibrevisauria?
Scaphognathidae?
Pterodactylomorpha
    • see below↓
Campylognathoides liasicus

Scaphognathus crassirostris

Dorygnathus banthensis
Pterodactylomorpha
Pterodactylomorpha
Monofenestrata
Darwinoptera
Wukongopteridae
Wukongopterinae
Pterodactyliformes
Caelidracones
Anurognathidae
Anurognathinae
Batrachognathinae
Pterodactyloidea
Lophocratia
    • see below↓
Jeholopterus ninchengensis Kryptodrakon progenitor
Lophocratia
Archaeopterodactyloidea
Germanodactylidae
Euctenochasmatia
Ctenochasmatoidea
Gallodactylidae
Aurorazhdarchia
Aurorazhdarchidae
Ctenochasmatidae
Moganopterinae?
Gnathosaurinae
Ctenochasmatinae
Pterodaustrini
Eupterodactyloidea
Ornithocheiroidea
    • see below↓
Pterodactylus antiquus Plataleorhynchus streptorophorodon
Ornithocheiroidea
Ornithocheiroidea
Tapejaroidea
Dsungaripteridae
Dsungaripterinae
Azhdarchoidea
Neoazhdarchia
Tapejaromorpha
Thalassodromidae?
Tapejariformes
Caupedactylia?
Tapejaridae
Sinopterinae
Tapejarinae
Tapejarini
Caiuajarina
Azhdarchomorpha
Alanqidae?
Neopterodactyloidea
Chaoyangopteridae
Chaoyangopterinae
Azhdarchiformes
Azhdarchidae
Azhdarchinae
Quetzalcoatlinae
Pteranodontoidea
    • see below↓
Bakonydraco galaczi

Tupandactylus imperator

Quetzalcoatlus
Pteranodontoidea
Pteranodontoidea
Pteranodontia
Pteranodontidae
Nyctosauromorpha
Aponyctosauria
Nyctosauridae
Ornithocheiromorpha
Lonchodectidae
Lanceodontia
Lonchodraconidae
Istiodactyliformes
Mimodactylidae
Istiodactylidae
Istiodactylinae
Ornithocheiriformes
Boreopteridae
Ornithocheirae
Ornithocheiridae
Ornithocheirinae
Targaryendraconia?
Cimoliopteridae
Targaryendraconidae
Anhangueria
Hamipteridae?
Anhangueridae
Tropeognathinae?
Coloborhynchinae?
Anhanguerinae
Pteranodon longiceps

Nyctosaurus gracilis

Ludodactylus sibbicki
Taxon identifiers
Ardeadactylus
Ardeadactylus longicollum
Portals: Categories: