Ari Þorgilsson (1067/1068 – 9 November 1148; Old Norse: [ˈɑre ˈθorˌɡilsˌson]; Modern Icelandic: [ˈaːrɪ ˈθɔrˌcɪlsˌsɔːn]; also anglicized Ari Thorgilsson) was Iceland's most prominent medieval chronicler. He was the author of Íslendingabók, which details the histories of the various families who settled Iceland. He is typically referred to as Ari the Wise (Ari fróði), and according to Snorri Sturluson was the first to write history in Old Norse.
Ari was a part of the Haukdælir family clan and studied in the school in Haukadalur as a student of Teitur Ísleifsson (the son of Ísleifur Gissurarson, first bishop of Iceland). There he became acquainted with Classical education. His writings clearly indicate that he was familiar with Latin chronicler traditions, but at the same time he is widely regarded as excelling in the Icelandic oral storytelling tradition.
It is believed that Ari later became a Christian priest in Staður by Ölduhryggur, now known as Staðastaður, but otherwise little is known about his life, despite the fact that he is one of the very few medieval writers who wrote down his family history.
Íslendingabók is the only work that with evidence for his authorship, but he is accredited with numerous articles of knowledge and is believed to have had a major part in the writing of Landnámabók, which chronicles the settlement of Iceland.
Ari was early on regarded as an important author. In Iceland's First Grammatical Treatise, written around 1160 AD, he is referred to with respect as an exceptional man, since the tradition of writing was not firmly established at the time.
See also
References
- Paasche, Fredrik (1956). Norsk Litteraturhistorie I: Norges og Islands Litteratur (2nd ed.). Oslo: Aschehoug. pp. 276–280.
- Mark Nuttall Encyclopedia of the Arctic -2012 Page 926 "The settlement of Iceland started around AD 870. An early Icelandic historian, Ari Þorgilsson, wrote in his Islendingabók (Book of the Icelanders) from 1122 to 1133 that the first settlers encountered a few Irish monks."
- Lonely Planet Iceland -Lonely Planet, Fran Parnell, Brandon Presser - 2010 Page 32 1742203469 "Iceland Saga, by Magnús Magnússon, offers an entertaining introduction to Icelandic history and literature, and explains ... scholar Ari Þorgilsson (Ari the Learned), and the detailed Landnámabók, a comprehensive account of the settlement."
- Rory McTurk A Companion to Old Norse-Icelandic Literature and Culture 2008 -- Page 302 "Much of what we know about the conversion of Iceland is drawn largely from the account written by the priest and historian Ari Þorgilsson in the first half of the twelfth century "
- Mark F. Williams -The Making of Christian Communities: In Late Antiquity and Middle Ages - 2005 Page 95 "Several sources contain information about the process of Christianity in Iceland, the oldest being the Book of the Icelanders (Íslendingabók) by Ari þorgilsson, from 1125-30."
- But see Lukas Rösli's questioning of this evidence, providing a paratextual analysis of the steps that led to this authorial attribution. Rösli, Lukas. "From Schedæ Ara Prests Fróða to Íslendingabók – When an Intradiegetic Text Becomes Reality". The Meaning of Media: Texts and Materiality in Medieval Scandinavia, edited by Anna Catharina Horn and Karl G. Johansson, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2021, pp. 173-214. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110695366-009
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