Artery of Percheron - Misplaced Pages

Blood vessel

Artery of Percheron
Diagram of the arterial circulation at the base of the brain (inferior view). The artery of Percheron (not shown) arise from either the left or right posterior cerebral artery (bottom forks)

Details
Source	Posterior cerebral artery
Supplies	Both sides of thalamus and midbrain
Anatomical terminology[edit on Wikidata]

The artery of Percheron (AOP) is a rare anatomical variation in the brain vascularization in which a single arterial trunk arises from the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) to supply both sides of the thalamus and midbrain.

Clinical significance

The functions of the thalamus and midbrain include the regulation of consciousness, sleep and alertness. Occlusion of the artery of Percheron, for example by a clot, could result in a posterior circulation infarct impairing structures on both sides of the brain. This can produce a bizarre disturbance such as sleep from which the patient cannot be awakened.

History

The artery of Percheron was first described in 1973 by the French medical scientist Gerard Percheron.

References

Sanders, Lisa (February 3, 2012). "Think Like a Doctor: Sleeping Wife Solved!". The New York Times.
Percheron G (August 1973). "The anatomy of the arterial supply of the human thalamus and its use for the interpretation of the thalamic vascular pathology". Zeitschrift für Neurologie. 205 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1007/BF00315956. PMID 4126735. S2CID 832292.
Agarwal N, Chaudhari A, Hansberry DR, Prestigiacomo CJ (January 2014). "Redefining thalamic vascularization vicariously through gerald percheron: a historical vignette". World Neurosurgery. 81 (1): 198–201. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2013.01.030. PMID 23314026.
IV. The Parenchymal Blood Vessels of the Upper Brainstem, Its Nuclear Configuration and Vascular Supply (1976). The Upper Brainstem in the Human. Springer Berlin Heidelberg: Benno Schlesinger. pp. 175–238. ISBN 978-3-642-66257-7.

Arteries of the head and neck

cervical branches (ascending palatine, tonsillar, submental, glandular)
facial branches (inferior labial
superior labial / nasal septum
lateral nasal
angular)

1st part / mandibular	anterior tympanic deep auricular middle meningeal (superior tympanic, petrosal) accessory meningeal inferior alveolar
2nd part / pterygoid	to muscles of mastication (deep temporal, pterygoid, masseteric) buccal
3rd part / pterygopalatine	posterior superior alveolar infraorbital (anterior superior alveolar) descending palatine (greater palatine, lesser palatine) artery of the pterygoid canal sphenopalatine (posterior septal branches, posterior lateral nasal) pharyngeal

ICA

cervical	carotid sinus
petrous	Vidian caroticotympanic
cavernous/ ophthalmic	orbital group:anterior ethmoidal posterior ethmoidal lacrimal (lateral palpebral) medial palpebral terminal (supraorbital, supratrochlear, dorsal nasal) ocular group: central retinal ciliary (short posterior, long posterior, anterior) Circulus arteriosus major hypophysial (superior, inferior)
brain	Circle of Willis ACA (anterior communicating, Recurrent artery of Heubner, Orbitofrontal artery) MCA (anterolateral central, Prefrontal artery, Superior terminal branch, Inferior terminal branch, Anterior temporal branch) posterior communicating anterior choroidal

ScA

vertebral artery

meningeal
spinal (posterior, anterior)
basilar: pontine
labyrinthine
cerebellar (AICA, SCA, PICA)
cerebral (PCA)

thyrocervical trunk

inferior thyroid	inferior laryngeal tracheal esophageal ascending cervical pharyngeal glandular branches
transverse cervical	superficial branch deep branch / dorsal scapular scapular anastomosis
suprascapular	acromial branch scapular anastomosis

costocervical trunk

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