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Attacks on RTI activists in India

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Many Right to Information Act (RTI) activists, including policemen, have been harassed and even murdered for seeking information to "promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority" in India. Many face assaults on a regular basis. People seeking information from their gram panchayat and the local administration also face social ostracism. A few activists who sought information under RTI related to MNREGA scams, were killed. Many threats and attacks (including murder) go unreported by the media.

Media reports of more than 300 instances of attacks on or harassment of citizens and at least 51 murders and 5 suicides can be linked to information sought under The Right to Information Act. Maharashtra followed by Gujarat tops the list for states with the most attacks on RTI users.

Overview

RTI activists are vulnerable human rights defenders (HRDs) in India. Unlike other HRDs, a majority of the RTI activists are not part of an organisation; they often act alone, moved by anger at corruption and other illegal activities. RTI activists are vulnerable because they live in the same areas as public authorities and political leaders who do not want information about their activities to be disclosed. For the most part, human rights defenders receive media attention only when killed or seriously injured. When complaints are made by RTI activists, law enforcement personnel (who often work with corrupt officials) do not take appropriate action . The Right to Information Act, 2005 provides inadequate protection to whistleblowers. The Central Information Commission and the State Information Commissions are not mandated to deal with such threats or attacks or to provide protection when needed. Attacks on RTI users have not ceased despite directions from several information commissions and state governments to protect them from harm.

List of attacks

There are two sources of crowd sourced lists maintained of the attacks on people using RTI to seek transparency and accountability, primarily based on media reports. The first is via the National Campaign for People's Right to Information. A "Hall of Shame" is maintained by CHRI.

Killed/Murdered

Name State District / Location Date Attack type Nature of Activism
Sudhir Chaudhary Gujarat Tapi 2024 Killed
Devjit Singh Uttar Pradesh Aligarh
Gattu Vamana Rao and his wife Nagamani Telangana Peddapalli 2021-02-18 Murdered by Knife RTI filed for land issue, more details waiting for the culprits.
Ranjan Kumar Das Odisha Kendrapara 2020-02-01 Killed Regularly filed RTIs on local issues, including brick kilns.
Sanjay Dubey Maharashtra Mumbai 2019-05-20 Murdered Filed RTI regarding illegal construction and PIL in High court against a politician.
Chirag Patel Gujrat Ahmadabad 2019-03-16 Killed Obtaining information regarding MPLAD.
Vinayak Shirsath Maharashtra Pune 2019-02-12 Murdered Filed RTI regarding illegal construction.
Bhola Sah Bihar Banka 2018-12-23 Killed Exposed financial irregularities in Social Welfare schemes.
Manoj Tripathi Madhya Pradesh Bhopal 2018-11-02 Fall from building RTI filed. Complaint against powerful leader.
Rohit Ashoke Junaware Maharashtra Pune 2018-11-01 Killed Construction related information.
Kedar Singh Jindan Himachal Pradesh Sirmaur 2018-09-07 Killed Exposed various jobs related scam.
Parshuram Pradhan Odisa Sambhalpur 2018-08-27 Killed Exposed corruption in cooperative societies
Valmiki Yadav Bihar Jamui 2018-07-01 Killed Exposed various corrupt practices in Panchayat level programme.
Rajendra Prasad Singh Bihar East Champaran 2018-06-21 Killed Exposed Several corruption in police recruitment, PDS, toilet scheme, health and education scheme through his RTI application.
Jayant Kumar Bihar Vaishali 2018-04-04 Killed Exposed corruption in Bihar State Food Corporation. Collected information regarding corrupt practices by policeman and politicians.
Nanjibhai Sondarva Gujarat Rajkot 2018-03-09 Clubbed to death For filing RTIs to expose financial irregularities in the developmental works undertaken in a village
Mirtyunjay Singh Bihar Bhojpur 2017 Killed
Mukesh Dube Madhya Pradesh Moraina 2017-09-26 Stabbed to Death Exposed corruption in Panchayats
Md Tahiruddin West Bengal 2016-11-19 Murdered Exposed MGNREGA scams in Gram Panchayat of Uttar Dinajpur district of West Bengal, disseminated Information to job card holders, whose bank accounts were used for withdrawing money in name of fake projects. He was working under the organization PACT Org as a volunteer, it is an organization working in the field of Transparency and anti-corruption
Lalit Mehta Jharkhand 2008-05-15 Killed Mehta used RTI to expose NREGA related scams. Fought for the social audit of NREGA
Kameshwar Yadav Jharkhand 2008-06-07 Killed Sought information on the nexus among officers, politicians, contractors and middlemen in NREGA related irrigation projects in Deori.
Venkatesh Karnataka 2009-06-04
Satish Shetty Maharashtra Pune 2010-01-13 Killed
Arun Sawant Maharashtra 2010-01-02 Killed
Vishram Laxman Dodiya Gujarat 2010-02-11 Killed
Shashidhar Mishra Bihar Begusarai 2010-02-14 Killed
Sola Ranga Rao Andhra Pradesh 2010-04-11 Killed
Vitthal Gite Maharashtra Aurangabad 2010-04-21 Killed
Dattatraya Patil Maharashtra Ichalkaranji 2010-05-22 Killed
Gopal Prasad Bihar Buxar 2010-07-19 Killed
Amit Jethwa Gujarat Ahmedabad 2010-07-20 Killed Used RTI to expose illegal mining in the Gir Forest area. Dinu Boga arrested by CBI in this case. Earlier Gujarat police had given clean chit to Dinu Boga.
Vijay Pratap (alias Babbu Singh) Uttar Pradesh 2010-07-25 Killed
Ramdas Ghadegaonkar Maharashtra 2010-08-27 Killed
Niyamat Ansari Jharkhand 2011-02-03 Killed Exposed corruption by contractors in work under MNREGA.
Jagdish Haryana 2011-10-02 Attempt to kill Jagdish and Phool Singh, another resident of his village, unearthed a pension scam and subsequently filed a case of alleged fraud against the accused in the court. The Village Head tried to kill him, but only managed to crush his legs and killed his daughter-in-law Sonu.
Amit Kapasia Gujarat 2011-12-29 Killed
Shehla Masood Madhya Pradesh 2011-08-16 Killed
Dr. Murlidhar Jaiswal Bihar Munger 2012-03-04 Killed
Rahul Kumar Bihar Katihar 2012-03-11 Killed
Rajesh Yadav Bihar Gaya 2012-12-12 Killed
S Bhuvaneswaran Tamil Nadu 2012-10-01 Killed
Nadeem Saiyed Gujarat 2011-05-11 Killed (reason possibly unrelated)
Ramvilas Singh Bihar Lakhisarai 2011-08-12 Killed (reason possibly unrelated)
V Balasubramanian Tamil Nadu 2010-08-19 Killed(?)
Premnath Jha Maharashtra Mumbai, Virar 2012-02-25 Killed Filed several RTI queries with the Vasai Virar Municipal Corporation seeking details of several construction projects
Vasudeva Adiga Karnatka Udupi 2013-01-12 Killed
Ram Kumar Thakkur Bihar Ratnauli, Muzzafarpur 2013-03-23 Killed Lawyer; Persisted with a legal case exposing "irregularities" in the implementation of NREGA welfare scheme in his village. Earlier, used RTI and exposed fraud involving sarpanch (village head).
Sanjay Tyagi Uttar Pradesh Meerut 2014-05-25 Killed
Shivshankar Jha Bihar Saharsa 2014 Killed
Sandeep Kothari Maharashtra Nagpur 2015-06-19 till 2015-06-21 Strangled and then burned to death Exposed illegal sand mining and land grabbing
Surendra Sharma Bihar Masaurhi 2015-04-03 Killed
Gopal Tiwari Bihar Gopalganj 2015 Killed
Ramakan Singh Bihar Rohtas 2016 Killed
Ramesh Agarwal Chattishgarh Raigarh 2012-07-07 Shot
Vinayak Baliga Karnataka Mangalore 2016-03-21 Hacked to death

Abducted/Kidnapped and Tortured

Name State District / Location Date Attack type Nature of Activism
Anoop Singh Uttar Pradesh Noida, Dankaur Town December 2013 Abducted and Tortured An RTI activist was abducted from Dankaur town in Gautam Budh Nagar district on 13 December, burnt with cigarette butts on his private parts and beaten with iron rods before being dumped near a petrol pump in a neighbouring district four days later.

Assault

Name State Date Attack type Nature of Activism
Yashwant Shinde Maharashtra Jan 2020 Physical assault Shinde had sought details under RTI on Worli police's seizure of Rs. 4 crore in cash from a car during state assembly elections.
Sambhuram Bishnoi Rajasthan Oct 2013 Abduct and Assault with hockey and iron rods in his village sarpanch's house while going for aadhaar card enrollment and killed Exposed MNREGA, Sajal Dhara tubewell scam against his village sarpanch
Adv. Mohd. Hasim Shaikh Maharashtra 5 Jan 2014 Assault with Hockey and Iron rods in the late evening when going towards home, got major injuries and also got finger fractured, the assaulters took away the cell phone and a wallet. Exposed License scams in BMC and also got Penalized officers of BMC by State Information Commissions, working as an alert and active citizen, associated with various citizens group.
Rinku Singh Rahi Uttar Pradesh 26 Mar 2009 Assaulted, removed to a mental institution. Rahi is a bureaucrat who used RTI to expose welfare scheme fraud in Muzzaffarnagar
Firoz Ibrahim Khan Maharashtra 17 Nov 2007 Assault
Gopalbandhu Chhatria Odisha 2 Jan 2009 Assault
Ripu Daman Ohri Punjab 6 Jan 2009 Assault
Munikrishna Karnataka 27 Oct 2009 Assault
Ajay Kumar Delhi 1 Jan 2010 Assault Used RTI to enquire about private house/shop construction on public land under authorization given by a Delhi politician.
Kiran Pandey Punjab 1 Oct 2010 Assault
Sumaira Abdulali Maharashtra 16 Mar 2010 Assault (in 2003 at Kihim Beach and 2010 at Mahad) RAJEEV SARKAR alias RAJIB SARKAR WEST BENGAL 20 July 2015 Assault (in 2015 at Baguati and 2016 at Baguiati and arrest by false case 2017)
Abhay Patil Maharashtra 4 Jan 2010 Assault
Ashok Kumar Shinde Maharashtra 17 Jul 2010 Assault
Budhai Kumar Uttar Pradesh 8 Sept 2010 Assault
S Channabasappa Patil Karnataka 9/16/10 Assault
Yashwant Gavand Maharashtra 1 February 2011 Assault
Arun Baburao Mane Maharashtra 1 February 2011 Assault
Salman Reddy Orissa 1/17/11 Assault
Safdar Ali Jammu and Kashmir 1/20/11 Assault
Vikrant Karnik Maharashtra 1/25/11 Assault
Amar Pandey Uttar Pradesh 1/27/11 Assault
Gopal Prasad, Anil Mittal, Nanda Sawant Delhi 2 March 2011 Assault
Mangala Ram Rajasthan 3 March 2011 Assault
Bharat Guggul, Bhanji Jogen Gujarat 3 May 2011 Assault
Vishnu Medhkar Maharashtra 4 February 2011 Assault
Dilip Jaiswal Maharashtra 4 May 2011 Assault
Arvind Kaushal Maharashtra 4 August 2011 Assault
Popat Barge Maharashtra 4/17/11 Assault
Jai Bhagwan and Karambir Haryana 5/21/11 Assault
Ismail Patwari Maharashtra 5/27/11 Assault
C.P. Singh Maharashtra 6/22/11 Assault
Baghu Dewani Gujarat 6/24/11 Assault
Ganasham Kunkolkar Goa 7/22/11 Assault
Jaisukh Bambhania Daman and Diu 8 August 2011 Assault
Sanjit Das Meghalaya 8/14/11 Assault
Ajay Ambalia Gujarat 8/31/11 Assault
Parshuram Kishanlal Mali Gujarat 9 July 2011 Assault
Manisha Goswami Gujarat 9/21/11 Assault
Mehul Kataria Maharashtra 10 July 2011 Assault
Santosh M Tiwari Maharashtra, Gujarat 10/16/11 Assault
Poonam Solanki Gujarat 12 February 2011 Assault
Akhilesh Saxena Uttar Pradesh 2008 Assault
Parameswar Sabar Orissa June 2011 Assault
Niren Pareek, Christopher Minz Assam May 2007 Assault
Tapal Ganesh Karnataka Unknown Assault
Purshottam Chauhan Gujarat Unknown Assault
Narayan Hareka Orissa Unknown Assault
Akhil Gogoi Assam Unknown Assault
Sumit Kumar Mahato Jharkhand Unknown Assault
Ms. Poonam Solanki Gujarat 12 July 2011 Assault Human Rights Activist
Dudhram Rajasthan, Jaipur 2 February 2012 Assault
Akhil Gogoi Assam, Nalbari 5 July 2012 Assault
Rajesh suresh Bobade Maharashtra 21 September 2012 Assault
L.K.Thapliyal Uttarakhand 25 July 2013 Assault Beaten up by a group of men including a ranger, Devendra Baurai from the Chilawali range of Rajaji National Park. Mr L.K. Thapliyal had filed a RTI against Rajaji National Park.
Anand Kumar Sharma Odisha 11 Feb 2018 Assault, Illegal detention by police and illegal custody by SDJM Beaten up in police station with grievous injury as he exposed the corruption in Police Department.
Nilofar Uttar Pradesh 26 October 2018 Assault Exposed corruption against gram pradhan.
Krishanpal Uttar pradesh 15 May 2019 Assault Exposed illegal possession in government land.

Harassment

Name State Date Attack type Nature of Activism
Srikant Pakal Odisha Feb 2020 Harassment Harassment for filing case in Lokayukt seeking probe against Bishnupada Sethi IAS and alleged that the officer spent Rs 9.46 lakh towards the hospitalisation of his wife and father from the funds of Odisha State Cooperative Bank, in violation of the existing norms during his stint as secretary of cooperation department.
Bibhav Kumar, Rajeev Kumar Uttar Pradesh 1/26/07 Harassment
Tukaram Bansode Maharashtra 12/31/07 Harassment
V Gopalakrishnan Tamil Nadu 3/13/09 Harassment
Srikant Prabhu Maharashtra 5 January 2009 Harassment
Kishori Ram Bihar 7/21/09 Harassment
Goverdhan Singh Rajasthan 3 January 2010 Harassment
Mohit Sharma Delhi 3 December 2010 Harassment
Jay Kumar Raghuvanshi Maharashtra 3/13/10 Harassment
Davinder Khurana Punjab 4 February 2010 Harassment
Ramesh Agrawal Chhattisgarh 6/23/10 Harassment
Ganesh Borhade Maharashtra 7 July 2010 Harassment
Manish Bhatnagar Maharashtra 7/18/10
Harshad Patil Maharashtra 8/13/10 Harassment
Gopalkrishnan, Siva Elango, Madhav Vishnubhatta Tamil Nadu 9 January 2010 Harassment
Fatima Mynsong, Acquiline Songthiang, Matilda Suting Meghalaya 9 January 2010 Harassment
Abhijit Ghosh Maharashtra 9 January 2010 Harassment
Ratna Ala Gujarat 9/29/10 Harassment
Bobby Basaiawmoit Meghalaya 2 January 2011 Harassment
Mary Anne Pohshna Meghalaya 3 September 2011 Harassment
Sanjay Gurav Maharashtra 3/22/11 Harassment
M Z Ali Karnataka 5 October 2011 Harassment
Ketan Shah Gujarat 5 December 2011 Harassment
Ravinder Rathi Haryana 6 February 2011 Harassment
Payi Gyadi Arunachal Pradesh 6 May 2011 Harassment
Brijesh Kumar Delhi 8 February 2011 Harassment
Ashok Paswan Bihar 8/19/11 Harassment
Arvind Sharma Punjab 9 May 2011 Harassment
Derrick Dias Goa 9 November 2011 Harassment
Subhash Aggarwal Delhi 10 July 2011 Harassment
Sheeba Fehmi and Arshad Ali Fehmi Delhi 10 August 2011 Harassment
Sanjay Gurav Maharashtra 11/28/11 Harassment
Anupam Saraf, Vaibhav Gandhi and Dinesh Shah Maharashtra 12/13/11 Harassment
R. Marijoseph Karnataka 12/30/11 Harassment
Kishan Lal Gera Haryana Since 2008 Harassment
R V Prasanna Karnataka Since 2009 Harassment
Shiv Prakash Rai Bihar May 2008 Harassment
Takhellambam Ibempishak, Sagolsem Memcha and Konjengbam Anita Manipur Since Apr 2011 Harassment
Pawan Sharma Uttar Pradesh Since 11 April 2011 Harassment
Emmanuel Andhra Pradesh February and March 2011 Harassment
Jagbir Singh Delhi Since February 2011 Harassment
Biren Luwang Manipur Since April 2011 Harassment
Injambakkam H Sekar Tamil Nadu Since August 2011 Harassment
Khirasindhu Sagria Orrisa Since November 2011 Harassment
Muzibur Rehman Unknown 2007 Harassment
Saleem Baig Uttar Pradesh 2007 Harassment
Asith Sangma Meghalaya 2008 Harassment
Ashok Verma Punjab 2009 Harassment
Kheemaram Rajasthan 2010 Harassment
Shivaji Raut Maharashtra June 2011 Harassment
Ajay Gakhar Delhi July 2011 Harassment
All Gujarat RTI users Gujarat July 2011 Harassment
Ankur Patil Maharashtra September 2011 Harassment
Gunjan Mehta Gujarat December 2011 Harassment
Durga Delhi 2011 Harassment
C J Karira Andhra Pradesh 2011 Harassment
Nelapati Papireddy, Pachalla Suryanarayana Reddy and Kovuru Satyanarayana Reddy Andhra Pradesh 2011 Harassment
Mohinder Kumar Punjab Unknown Harassment
Anwar Shaikh Maharashtra Unknown Harassment
Y. Ekyimo Kikon Nagaland Unknown Harassment
Ashok Rathod Gujarat Unknown Harassment
Bharat H Gajjar, Milan Joshi Gujarat Unknown Harassment
Rolly Shivhare Madhya Pradesh Unknown Harassment
Jai Prakash Arya Delhi Unknown Harassment
Gian Singh Delhi Unknown Harassment
Ram Sagar Delhi Unknown Harassment
Sumankant Raichaudhari Bihar Unknown Harassment
Piyusha Tiwari Rajasthan Unknown Harassment
Rayabhai Zapadiya Gujarat Unknown Harassment
Razuddin Haryana Unknown Harassment
Rukhminibhai Andhra Pradesh Unknown Harassment
Roshan Lobo Karnataka Unknown Harassment
Bhadresh Wamja Gujarat Unknown Harassment
Bhanjibhai Jogel and Bharatbhai Ghughal Gujarat Unknown Harassment
Sudhir Yadav Haryana, Gurgaon 6 October 2013 Harassment An RTI Activist who tried to Bring all the documents of Corruption From Villages of the Block Farrukh Nagar, Gurgaon was threaten to be killed if he continue filling the RTI against Sarpanch and keep asking about the development work.
Dilip kumar reddy k Hyderabad 3 Jan 2014 Removed from the job Exposed corruption in engineering college fee reimbursement and seat allocation at aurora Institute.
Mushtaq Pahalgami Jammu and Kashmir 27 December 2010 Physically attacked, abused, threatened against filing any further RTIs/PILs Exposed forest land-grab attempts by the local land mafia, helped ensure the High Court construction ban in the region

Suicide

Name State Date Attack type Nature of Activism
Jabbardan Gadhvi Gujarat 2/22/2011 Suicide

See also

References

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