In business management, an autonomous work group is a group encouraged to manage its own work and working practices.
Definition
A. Rao, N. Thorberry and J. Weintraub define autonomous teamwork as "groups of independent workers, who regulate much of their own task behaviour around relatively whole tasks. This kind of groups are also generally allowed to select and train new members, set their own work pace, supervise most of their own activities and often trade jobs among themselves"
We can distinguish semi-autonomous and autonomous teams. The difference is the degree of autonomy of the group.
Nowadays, more and more companies are employing (semi-) autonomous work groups, such as companies in the automobile industry, mass distribution sector, and start-ups.
To succeed and perform its tasks, a (semi-) autonomous team needs:
- Communication and coordination: team members have to transmit all the information to each other in a common language; good coordination between team members permits them to obtain information when needed and move easily from one task to another;
- Cohesion: brings the team stability, a feeling of unity, satisfaction, and permits members to respond positively to each other and to communicate well;
- Decision making and taking responsibility: to succeed, the team must collect information, discuss, evaluate alternatives and most importantly, decide collaboratively on the appropriate course of action.
Autonomous Teamwork and Psychological Well-being
There is an ongoing phenomenon that autonomous teamwork supposedly has a positive influence on the psychological well-being of employees.
A study conducted by two universities in The Netherlands focuses on the influences of the perceived group autonomy and individual autonomy, respectively on the individual tasks and psychological well-being. A poll was conducted on employees in a supermarket chain, which targeted different aspects of team work, (i.e. individual autonomy, social relationships with colleagues or even individual workload). It was found that there is no strong relationship between psychological fatigue and individual task variety, also between motivation to learn and quality of social relationships.
There is still a positive impact of the individual aspects of the work on motivation. It shows indeed that autonomous work increases variety, decreases individual workload, and overall improves the quality of social relationships.
See also
References
- H. v. Mierlo, C. G. Rutte, B. Seinen, M. Kompier (2001). "Autonomous teamwork and psychological well-being". European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. 10 (3): 291–301. doi:10.1080/13594320143000681. S2CID 145473613.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Landy, Frank J. (2010). Studyguide for Work in the 21st Century: An Introduction to Industrial and Organization Psychology.
- H. v. Mierlo, C. G. Rutte, B. Seinen, M. Kompier (2001). "Autonomous teamwork and psychological well-being". European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. 10 (3): 291–301. doi:10.1080/13594320143000681. S2CID 145473613.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Further reading
- Maxine Bucklow (June 1966). "A New Role for the Work Group". Administrative Science Quarterly. 11 (1). Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 11, No. 1: 59–78. doi:10.2307/2391394. JSTOR 2391394.
- Peter M. Asaro (2000). "Transforming society by transforming technology: the science and politics of participatory design" (PDF). Accounting, Management and Information Technologies. 10 (4): 257–290. doi:10.1016/S0959-8022(00)00004-7. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-09-28.
- John L. Cordery; Walter S. Mueller & Leigh M. Smith (June 1991). "Attitudinal and Behavioral Effects of Autonomous Group Working: A Longitudinal Field Study". Academy of Management Journal. 34 (2). The Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 34, No. 2: 464–476. doi:10.2307/256452. JSTOR 256452.
- Charles C. Manz & Henry P. Sims, Jr. (1982). "The Potential for "Groupthink" in Autonomous Work Groups". Human Relations. 35 (9). Tavistock Institute: 773–784. doi:10.1177/001872678203500906. S2CID 145529591.
- Bailey, D.E. & Adiga, S. (May 1997). "Measuring manufacturing work group autonomy". IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management. 44 (2): 158–174. doi:10.1109/17.584924.
- David F. Elloy & Alan Randolph (1997). "The Effect of Superleader Behavior on Autonomous Work Groups in a Government Operated Railway Service". Public Personnel Management. 26.
- Melvin Blumberg (June 1980). "Job Switching in Autonomous Work Groups: An Exploratory Study in a Pennsylvania Coal Mine". Academy of Management Journal. 23 (2). The Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 23, No. 2: 287–306. doi:10.2307/255432. JSTOR 255432.
- Moldaschl M. & Weber W.G. (1998-03-01). "The "Three Waves" of Industrial Group Work: Historical Reflections on Current Research on Group Work". Human Relations. 51 (3): 347–388. doi:10.1177/001872679805100307. S2CID 145609742.
- Richard Cooney (December 2004). "Empowered self-management and the design of work teams". Personnel Review. 33 (6). Emerald Group Publishing Limited: 677–692. doi:10.1108/00483480410561556.
- Carol Sexton (April 1994). "Self-managed Work Teams: TQM Technology at the Employee Level". Journal of Organizational Change Management. 7 (2). MCB UP Ltd: 45–52. doi:10.1108/09534819410056122.
- Wendy Clark & Steven Farkas (2004-02-05). "SocioTechnical Models: Eric Trist". Archived from the original on 2006-11-27. Retrieved 2006-10-30.