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Awaous stamineus

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Species of fish

Awaous stamineus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Gobiiformes
Family: Oxudercidae
Genus: Awaous
Species: A. stamineus
Binomial name
Awaous stamineus
(Eydoux & Souleyet, 1850)
Synonyms
  • Gobius stamineus Eydoux & Souleyet, 1850
  • Chonophorus stamineus (Eydoux & Souleyet, 1850)

Awaous stamineus, commonly known as ‘O‘opu nakea, is a species of goby native to the Hawaiian Islands. It has been previously considered a synonym of Awaous guamensis but recent work based upon morphological and genetic differences has recognized Hawaiian populations as being distinct. Consequently, Hawaiian Awaous are now recognized as a valid, distinct species.

Description and biology

‘O‘opu nakea are omnivores. Analyses of their gut volume have shown to consist 84% of filamentous algae and the other 16% of chironomids (non-biting midges). ‘O‘opu nakea are about 14 inches long and have white streaks with speckles and a dark olive color. They lay eggs downstream where the males and females guard the nest. The males make the nest and attract the females who then lay one clutch a year.

Predators of this species include various birds, including the ‘auku‘u (black-crowned night heron), and other fishes, including āholehole (dark-margined flagtail), ulua (trevallies), moi (Pacific threadfin), and kākü (great barracuda).

Distribution and habitat

‘O‘opu nakea are found in slow-moving waters especially on Kaua‘i during their annual spawning run to the stream mouth. ‘O‘opu nakea swim-up stream between 10 and 200 feet in strong currents.

Human use and cultural significance

They are eaten raw or cooked. The usual way to prepare them is by salting them for 12 hours, then wrapping them in ti leaves and placing them over hot coals.

References

  1. ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Awaous stamineus". FishBase. November 2014 version.
  2. Lindstrom, Daniel P.; Blum, Michael J.; Walter, Ryan P.; Gagne, Roderick B.; Gilliam, James F. (2012). "Molecular and morphological evidence of distinct evolutionary lineages of Awaous guamensis in Hawai'i and Guam". Copeia. 2012 (2): 293–300. doi:10.1643/CI-11-027. S2CID 86528981.
  3. Eschmeyer, W. N.; R. Fricke & R. van der Laan, eds. (2 July 2018). "Catalog of Fishes". California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 31 July 2018.
  4. ^ Anne M. Brasher. "Technical Report 1 13 : Monitoring the Distribution and Abundance of Native Gobies ('o'opu) in Waikolu and Pelekunu Streams on the Island of Moloka'i". Irma.nps.gov. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
  5. ^ Margaret Titcomb; Mary Kawena Pukui. "NATIVE USE OF FISH IN HAWAII". The Journal of the Polynesian Society. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
  6. "Freshwater Fishes : 'O'opu nākea (Awaous guamensis) SPECIES STATUS : IUCN Red List – Data Deficient" (PDF). Dlnr.hawaii.gov. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
  7. "Awaous guamensis". Hbs.bishopmuseum.org. Retrieved 10 May 2022.
  8. "Effects of Surface-Water Diversion and Ground-Water Withdrawal on Streamflow and Habitat, Punaluu Stream, Oahu, Hawaii" (PDF). Pubs.usgs.gov. Retrieved 11 May 2022.


Taxon identifiers
Awaous stamineus


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