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Baenids Temporal range: (Valanginian to Eocene, 139.4–40 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Chisternon, AMNH
Shellof Baena arenosa (AMNH 1112)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Clade:	Pantestudines
Clade:	Testudinata
Clade:	†Paracryptodira
Superfamily:	†Baenoidea
Family:	†Baenidae Cope, 1882

Baenidae is an extinct family of paracryptodiran turtles known from the Early Cretaceous to Eocene of North America. While during the Early Cretaceous they are found across North America, during the Late Cretaceous they are only found in Laramidia, having disappeared from Appalachia. The majority of lineages survived the K-Pg Extinction, but the family was extinct by the latest Eocene. The name of the type genus, Baena, appears to be of Native American origin, likely from the Arapaho be’enoo. They are primarily found in freshwater deposits, and are considered to be aquatic, with a largely generalist habit.

Genera

• †Arundelemys
• †Arvinachelys
• †Baena
• †Cedrobaena
• †Chisternon
• †Edowa
• †Gamerabaena
• †Gehennachelys
• †Hayemys
• †Lakotemys Lakota Formation, Berriasian-Valanginian
• †Neurankylus
• †Palatobaena
• †Peckemys
• †Plesiobaena
• †Protobaena
• †Denazinemys
• †Saxochelys
• †Stygiochelys
• †Thescelus
• †Trinitichelys

Classification

The following cladogram shows the taxonomy and phylogeny of baenids according to Joyce & Lyson (2015).

References

1. Gaffney, Eugene S. (1972). "The systematics of the North American family Baenidae (Reptilia, Cryptodira)". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 147 (5): 241–320. hdl:2246/1098.
2. Joyce, Walter G.; Anquetin, Jérémy (October 2019). "A Review of the Fossil Record of Nonbaenid Turtles of the Clade Paracryptodira". Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. 60 (2): 129–155. doi:10.3374/014.060.0204. ISSN 0079-032X. S2CID 203780510.
3. ^ Joyce, W.G.; Lyson, T.R. (2015). "A review of the fossil record of turtles of the clade Baenidae" (PDF). Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. 56 (2): 147–183. doi:10.3374/014.056.0203. S2CID 4654828.
4. ^ "Baenidae". Fossilworks. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
5. Adrian, B.; Smith, H. F.; Kelley, K.; Wolfe, D. G. (2022). "A new baenid, Edowa zuniensis gen. et sp. nov., and other fossil turtles from the Upper Cretaceous Moreno Hill Formation (Turonian), New Mexico, USA". Cretaceous Research. 105422. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105422. S2CID 253905727.
6. Adrian, B.; Smith, H.; Noto, C. (2023). "A revision of "Trinitichelys" maini (Testudinata: Baenidae) and additional material of its new genus from the Lewisville Formation (Woodbine Group, Cenomanian), Texas, USA". Palaeontologia Electronica. 26 (2): a28. doi:10.26879/1266.
7. Joyce, Walter G.; Rollot, Yann; Cifelli, Richard L. (2020-02-12). "A new species of baenid turtle from the Early Cretaceous Lakota Formation of South Dakota". Fossil Record. 23 (1): 1–13. Bibcode:2020FossR..23....1J. doi:10.5194/fr-23-1-2020. ISSN 2193-0066.
8. Spicher, G.E.; Sertich, J.J.; Girard, L.C.; Joyce, W.G.; Lyson, T.R.; Rollot, Y. (2023). "A description of a Denazinemys nodosa specimen (Testudinata, Baenidae) from the Late Cretaceous Kaiparowits Formation of southern Utah". Fossil Record. 26 (2): 151–170. Bibcode:2023FossR..26..151S. doi:10.3897/fr.26.102520.
9. "Saxochelys gilberti, A New Baenid Turtle from the Uppermost Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Hell Creek Formation: Sexual Dimorphism and Spatial Niche Partitioning within the Most Speciose Group of Late Cretaceous Turtles". 7 February 2020.
10. Spicher, G.E.; Lyson, T.R.; Evers, S. W. (2024). "Updated cranial and mandibular description of the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) baenid turtle Saxochelys gilberti based on micro-computed tomography scans and new information on the holotype-shell association". Swiss Journal of Palaeontology. 143 (1): 2. Bibcode:2024SwJP..143....2S. doi:10.1186/s13358-023-00301-6. PMC 10805913. PMID 38274637.
11. "Stygiochelys Gaffney and Hiatt 1971". Fossilworks. Gateway to the Paleobiology Database. Retrieved 18 October 2019.

External links

• http://www.nhm.org/site/sites/default/files/dinosaur_institute/pdf/NHM_DI_proytecto_dino_Erika_Canola_Baenidae_Turtle_experience.pdf

v t e Pantestudines
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Sauropsida Clade: Diapsida Clade: Sauria Clade: Archelosauria Sauropsida see Sauropsida Pantestudines see below↓ Pantestudines
Pantestudines †Eorhynchochelys †Eunotosaurus? †Odontochelys †Pappochelys Testudinata †Chinlechelys †Condorchelys †Eileanchelys †Heckerochelys †Indochelys †Kallokibotion †Kayentachelys †Proganochelys †Proterochersis †Spoochelys †Australochelyidae Australochelys Palaeochersis Waluchelys †Meiolaniformes Chubutemys Otwayemys Patagoniaemys Peligrochelys Trapalcochelys Meiolaniidae Gaffneylania Meiolania Ninjemys Niolamia Warkalania †Sichuanchelyidae Laurasichersis Mongolochelys Sichuanchelys †Helochelydridae Aragochersis Helochelydra Helochelys Naomichelys Solemys †Compsemydidae Berruchelus Calissounemys Compsemys Kallokibotion? Peltochelys Riodevemys? Selenemys? Tongemys †Paracryptodira Compsemydidae? Helochelydridae? Pleurosternidae Dinochelys Dorsetochelys Glyptops Pleurosternon Riodevemys? Selenemys? Toremys Uluops Baenidae Arundelemys Arvinachelys Baena Boremys Cedrobaena Chisternon Denazinemys Edowa Eubaena Gamerabaena Gehennachelys Goleremys Hayemys Lakotemys Neurankylus Palatobaena Peckemys Plesiobaena Protobaena Saxochelys Scabremys Stygiochelys Thescelus Trinitichelys †Xinjiangchelyidae Annemys Brodiechelys Camerochelys Chengyuchelys Jastmelchyi Kalasinemys Larachelus Phunoichelys Protoxinjiangchelys Shartegemys Siamochelys Tienfuchelys Undjulemys Xinjiangchelys Yanduchelys †Sinemydidae / Macrobaenidae Anatolemys Appalachemys Asiachelys Aurorachelys Changmachelys Dracochelys Gallica Galvechelone Hongkongochelys Hoyasemys Jeholochelys Judithemys Kirgizemys Liaochelys Macrobaena Manchurochelys Ordosemys Osteopygis Oxemys Sinemys Tienfucheloides Wuguia Xiaochelys Yakemys Yumenemys †Thalassochelydia (sensu Joyce et al., 2021) Aplax Cyrtura Euryaspis Hispaniachelys Neusticemys Owadowia Pelobatochelys Thalassemys Protostegidae? "Eurysternidae" Achelonia Chelonides Eurysternum Hydropelta Idiochelys Palaeomedusa Parachelys "Plesiochelyidae" Craspedochelys Globochelus Hylaeochelys? Jurassichelon? Plesiochelys Portlandemys Tropidemys Sandownidae Angolachelys Brachyopsemys Leyvachelys Sandownia Solnhofia? Testudines see Testudines
See also: Angolachelonia Ankylopoda Mesochelydia Perichelydia Category

• Baenidae
• Turtle families
• Jurassic first appearances
• Eocene extinctions
• Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope